Project description:Stress resistance induced by mild environmental stress protects animals against aging-associated cellular damages and promotes longevity. Here, we reveal that mild heat triggers innate immune and detoxification responses that confers longevity at warm temperatures. We compared the transcriptome of 25°C-cultivated animals to that of 15°C controls through RNA-seq analysis. A total of 1958 transcripts were differentially regulated, with 1143 up-regulations and 815 down-regulations.
Project description:Most organisms have an endogenous circadian clock that is synchronized to environmental signals such as light and temperature. Although circadian rhythms have been described in the nematode C. elegans at the behavioral level, these rhythms appear to be relatively non-robust. Moreover, in contrast to other animal models, no circadian transcriptional rhythms have been identified. Thus, whether this simple nematode contains a bona fide circadian clock remains an open question. We used microarray experiments to identify light- and temperature-regulated transcriptional rhythms in C. elegans, and show that subsets of these transcripts are regulated in a circadian manner. In addition, we find that light and temperature also globally drive the expression of many genes, indicating that C. elegans exhibits systemic responses to these stimuli. Populations of growth-synchronized wild-type C. elegans L1 larvae were entrained for 5 days until adulthood to 12:12 hr light/dark (LD) cycles (500-1000 lux) at a constant temperature of 18°C, or for 4 days to 12:12 hr temperature cycles (25:15°C - warm/cold or WC) in constant darkness. RNA was collected every 4 hrs during the last entrainment and the subsequent free-running days and analyzed via hybridization of Affymetrix GeneChips. L4 larvae were transferred to FUDR-containing plates to inhibit embryonic development.
Project description:Most organisms have an endogenous circadian clock that is synchronized to environmental signals such as light and temperature. Although circadian rhythms have been described in the nematode C. elegans at the behavioral level, these rhythms appear to be relatively non-robust. Moreover, in contrast to other animal models, no circadian transcriptional rhythms have been identified. Thus, whether this simple nematode contains a bona fide circadian clock remains an open question. We used microarray experiments to identify light- and temperature-regulated transcriptional rhythms in C. elegans, and show that subsets of these transcripts are regulated in a circadian manner. In addition, we find that light and temperature also globally drive the expression of many genes, indicating that C. elegans exhibits systemic responses to these stimuli.
Project description:Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been used to study the differential gene expression in Arabidopsis green seedlings under warm temperature. The goal of this study is to investigate how ethylene signaling and epigenetic modification are involved in transcriptional regulation in response to warm temperature.
Project description:The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana responds to mild high temperature by increased elongation growth of organs to enhance cooling capacity, in a process called thermomorphogenesis. Our understanding of the genetic regulation of thermomorphogenesis has increased in recent years. However, hardly anything is known about molecular mechanisms outside A. thaliana and cellular signaling pathways have been underexplored. Therefore, we mapped changes in protein phosphorylation in A. thaliana and crops exposed to warm temperature. Based on these results, we identified and characterized a novel, functionally conserved signaling complex of MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE KINASEs (MAP4KS) in warm temperature-mediated growth regulation in plants. This contributes to our understanding of warm temperature signaling, and can help guarantee food security under a changing climate
Project description:The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana responds to mild high temperature by increased elongation growth of organs to enhance cooling capacity, in a process called thermomorphogenesis. Our understanding of the genetic regulation of thermomorphogenesis has increased in recent years. However, hardly anything is known about molecular mechanisms outside A. thaliana and cellular signaling pathways have been underexplored. Therefore, we mapped changes in protein phosphorylation in A. thaliana and crops exposed to warm temperature. Based on these results, we identified and characterized a novel, functionally conserved signaling complex of MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE KINASEs (MAP4KS) in warm temperature-mediated growth regulation in plants. This contributes to our understanding of warm temperature signaling, and can help guarantee food security under a changing climate.
Project description:Elevated growth temperatures are negatively affecting crop productivity and increasing yield losses. Root traits associated with improved adaptation to rising temperatures are a promising approach to generate new varieties better suited to face the environmental constrains caused by climate change. In this study, we identified various Brassica napus roots traits altered in response to warm temperature. Thus, different combination of changes in specific root traits results in an extended and deeper root system. This overall root growth expansion facilitates root adaptation by maximizing root-soil surface interaction and increasing its ability to explore extended soil areas. We associated these traits to coordinated cellular events, including changes in cell division and elongation rates, that drive the increase in root growth triggered by warm temperature. Comparative genome wide transcriptomic analysis revealed the main genetic determinants of these RSA changes and uncovered the necessity of a tight regulation of the heat shock stress response to adjust root growth to warm temperature. Our work provides a phenotypic, cellular and genetic framework of root response to warming temperatures that will help to harness root adaptation mechanisms for crop yield improvement under the future climatic scenario.
Project description:Water immersion insertion has been documented to decrease procedure-related discomfort during colonoscopy. There was used warm water infusion for colonoscope insertion in most of the water immersion colonoscopy trials.
The investigators have been using room temperature water (20-24°C) for water immersion and the investigators did not notice any drawback of it. In our opinion, it is simpler and cheaper option for water immersion colonoscopy and proof of its efficacy and safety could support the use of water immersion technique in routine practice.
The primary endpoint is cecal intubation time and the investigators suppose that the use of warm water infusion does not shorten it significantly. Patient comfort during colonoscope insertion, water consumption, length of the scope while reaching the cecum, need for external compression, need for positioning of the patient and endoscopist´s difficulty with colonoscopy will be also assessed.
Project description:Temperature is a prominent environmental stimulus that influences life span. Previous studies indicate that in Caenorhabditis elegans, thermosensory perception in the AFD neuron maintains life span at warm temperatures. How thermosensation is translated into neuronal signals that shape aging remains elusive. We found that the Caenorhabditis elegans CREB crh-1, as well as several key genes in AFD thermosensory transduction, were specifically required for normal life span at warm temperatures. crh-1 acted in the AFD to increase transcription of the CRE-containing neuropeptide gene flp-6 in a temperature-dependent manner. Both crh-1 and flp-6 were necessary and sufficient for longevity at warm temperatures, and their effects depended on the AIY interneuron. Moreover, flp-6 signaling downregulated ins-7/insulin and several insulin pathway genes, whose activity compromised life span. We postulate that temperature experience is integrated in the thermosensory neurons to generate CREB-dependent neuropeptide signals that antagonize insulin signaling and promote temperature-specific longevity.