CDK12 globally stimulates RNA polymerase II transcription elongation and carboxyl-terminal domain phosphorylation
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PROVIDER: PRJNA474484 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:CDK12 globally stimulates RNA polymerase II transcription elongation and carboxyl-terminal domain phosphorylation
| PRJNA550113 | ENA
Project description:Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) phosphorylates the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (pol II) but its roles in transcription beyond the expression of DNA damage response genes remain unclear. Here, we have used TT-seq and mNET-seq to monitor the direct effects of rapid CDK12 inhibition on transcription activity and CTD phosphorylation in human cells. CDK12 inhibition causes a genome-wide defect in transcription elongation and a global reduction of CTD Ser2 and Ser5 phosphorylation. The elongation defect is explained by the loss of the elongation factors LEO1 and CDC73, part of PAF1 complex, and SPT6 from the newly-elongating pol II. Our results indicate that CDK12 is a general activator of pol II transcription elongation and indicate that it targets both Ser2 and Ser5 residues of the pol II CTD.
2020-06-18 | GSE133156 | GEO
Project description:Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) phosphorylates the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (pol II) but its roles in transcription beyond the expression of DNA damage response genes remain unclear. Here, we have used TT-seq and mNET-seq to monitor the direct effects of rapid CDK12 inhibition on transcription activity and CTD phosphorylation in human cells. CDK12 inhibition causes a genome-wide defect in transcription elongation and a global reduction of CTD Ser2 and Ser5 phosphorylation. The elongation defect is explained by the loss of the elongation factors LEO1 and CDC73, part of PAF1 complex, and SPT6 from the newly-elongating pol II. Our results indicate that CDK12 is a general activator of pol II transcription elongation and indicate that it targets both Ser2 and Ser5 residues of the pol II CTD.
2020-06-03 | GSE115290 | GEO
Project description:Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) phosphorylates the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (pol II) but its roles in transcription beyond the expression of DNA damage response genes remain unclear. Here, we have used TT-seq and mNET-seq to monitor the direct effects of rapid CDK12 inhibition on transcription activity and CTD phosphorylation in human cells. CDK12 inhibition causes a genome-wide defect in transcription elongation and a global reduction of CTD Ser2 and Ser5 phosphorylation. The elongation defect is explained by the loss of the elongation factors LEO1 and CDC73, part of PAF1 complex, and SPT6 from the newly-elongating pol II. Our results indicate that CDK12 is a general activator of pol II transcription elongation and indicate that it targets both Ser2 and Ser5 residues of the pol II CTD.
| S-EPMC7641311 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) interacts with Cyclin K to form a a functional nuclear kinase complex, which has been reported to phosphorylate the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) for transcriptional regulation and co-transcriptional RNA processing. However, the precise mechanisms and targets of CDK12 action remain largely unknown. Here, we combined a chemical genetic screen and phosphoproteomic strategies and identified a landscape of nuclear CDK12 substrates, which included proteins that regulate transcription, chromatin organization, and RNA splicing. Next, we confirmed that the LEO1 subunit of the transcription elongation factor PAF1 complex (PAF1C) is a bona fide substrate of CDK12. Acute depletion of LEO1 reduces Pol II occupancy on the chromatin, while mutations of LEO1 phosphorylation sites to non-phosphorylatable alanine residues attenuated the association of PAF1C with elongating Pol II and chromatin, resulting in impaired processive transcription elongation. Furthermore, LEO1 C-terminus could interact with and be dephosphorylated by the Integrator-PP2A complex (INTAC), while acute depletion of INTAC in cells promotes the association between PAF1C and elongating Pol II on the chromatin. Together, this study provides a novel transcriptional regulatory mechanism that the CDK12-INTAC axis fine-tunes LEO1 phosphorylation for processive transcription elongation.
2023-05-19 | GSE217544 | GEO
Project description:Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) interacts with Cyclin K to form a functional nuclear kinase that promotes processive transcription elongation through phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) C-terminal domain (CTD). To gain a broader understanding of CDK12 cellular function, we used chemical-genetic and phosphoproteomic screening to identify a landscape of nuclear human CDK12 substrates, including regulators of transcription, chromatin organization, and RNA splicing. We further validated LEO1, a subunit of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C), as a bona fide cellular substrate of CDK12. Acute depletion of LEO1, or substituting LEO1 phosphorylation sites with alanine, attenuated PAF1C association with elongating Pol II and impaired processive transcription elongation. We also found that LEO1 interacts with, and is dephosphorylated by, the Integrator-PP2A complex (INTAC) and that INTAC promotes the association of PAF1C with Pol II. Together, this study reveals a previously unknown role for CDK12 and INTAC in regulating LEO1 phosphorylation for transcriptional regulation, providing important insights into gene transcription and its regulation.
2023-06-08 | PXD038558 | Pride
Project description:We describe the epigenetic profiling of the H3K9me2 and HP1a in Drosophila third instar larvae before and after CDK12 depletion by RNA interference (RNAi). Here we show that CDK12 regulates heterochromatin dynamics in Drosophila chromosomes. Depletion of CDK12 induces the increased HP1a and H3K9me2 binding profile on the coding region of euchromatic genes, with the X chromosome being the most affected. These results are consistent with the polytene chromosome immunostaining pattern of HP1a and H3K9me2 after CDK12 knockdown in our initial cytological observations, which show that CDK12 depletion induce heterochromatin spreading on euchromatic arms, especially on the X chromosome. This study describes a novel role of the CDK12 complex in controlling the epigenetic transition between euchromatin and heterochromatin. Examination of the genome-wide H3K9me2 and HP1a binding profile in wildtype larvae (WT) and CDK12-depleted larvae (CDK12-KD). Examination of the genome-wide CDK12 binding profile in wildtype larvae (WT). Twelve independent immunoprecipitations were conducted for each antibody. Two biological replicates were performed.
2015-11-02 | E-GEOD-63011 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In a forward genetic screen, we have previously identified a null mutant of Cdk12 that results in alterations in actin dynamics, the axon initial segment and electrophysiology in Drosophila melanogaster. To decipher how Cdk12 may be having these effects, we extracted RNA from pooled Drosophila heads and compared Cdk12-null mutants to controls at the transcriptome level.
2023-01-01 | E-MTAB-12090 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:CDK12 plays an important role in regulating epidermal differntaition through maintaining the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II levels in differentiation associated genes.
2024-02-08 | GSE166407 | GEO
Project description:Mutations that attenuate DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR) promote tumorigenesis and sensitize cells to chemotherapeutic agents that cause replication fork collapse, a phenotype known as “BRCAness.” BRCAness tumors arise from loss-of-function mutations in 22 genes. Of these genes, all but one (Cdk12) directly function in the HR repair pathway. Cdk12 phosphorylates Serine 2 of the RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) C-terminal domain (CTD) heptapeptide repeat, a modification that regulates transcription elongation, splicing, and cleavage/polyadenylation. Genome-wide expression studies suggest that Cdk12 depletion abrogates the expression of several HR genes relatively specifically, blunting HR repair. This observation suggests that Cdk12 mutational status may predict tumor sensitivity to targeted treatments against BRCAness, such as Parp 1 inhibitors, and that small-molecule inhibitors of Cdk12 may induce sensitization of otherwise HR-competent tumors to these treatments. Despite this growing clinical interest, the mechanism behind the apparent specificity of Cdk12 in regulating HR genes remains unknown. Here we find that Cdk12 globally suppresses intronic polyadenylation events, enabling the production of full-length gene products. Many HR genes harbor significantly more intronic polyadenylation sites compared to all expressed genes, and the cumulative effect of these sites accounts for the increased sensitivity of HR gene expression to Cdk12 loss. Finally, we find evidence that Cdk12 loss-of-function mutations cause increased intronic polyadenylation within HR genes in human tumors, suggesting that this mechanism is conserved. This work clarifies the biological function of CDK12 and underscores its potential both as a chemotherapeutic target and as a tumor biomarker.
2018-11-28 | GSE116017 | GEO