Differential Nucleosome Spacing in Neurons and Glia
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA553209 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Differential Nucleosome Spacing in Neurons and Glia [RNA-seq]
| PRJNA552364 | ENA
Project description:Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of chromatin, in which regularly spaced nucleosomes containing ~147 bp of DNA are separated by linker DNA. Most eukaryotic cells have a characteristic average nucleosome spacing of ~190 bp, corresponding to a ~45 bp linker. However, cortical neurons have a shorter average spacing of ~165 bp. The significance of this atypical global chromatin organization is unclear. We have compared the chromatin structures of purified mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, cortical oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and cortical astrocytes. DRG neurons have short average spacing (~165 bp), whereas OPCs (~182 bp) and astrocytes (~183 bp) have longer spacing. We measured nucleosome positions by MNase-seq and gene expression by RNA-seq. Most genes in all three cell types have a promoter chromatin organization typical of active genes: a nucleosome-depleted region at the promoter flanked by regularly spaced nucleosomes phased relative to the transcription start site. In DRG neurons, the spacing of phased nucleosomes downstream of promoters (~178 bp) is longer than expected from the genomic average, whereas phased nucleosome spacing in OPCs and astrocytes is similar to the global average (~183 bp). Thus, the atypical nucleosome spacing of neuronal chromatin does not extend to promoter-proximal regions.
2019-10-07 | GSE133966 | GEO
Project description:Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of chromatin, in which regularly spaced nucleosomes containing ~147 bp of DNA are separated by linker DNA. Most eukaryotic cells have a characteristic average nucleosome spacing of ~190 bp, corresponding to a ~45 bp linker. However, cortical neurons have a shorter average spacing of ~165 bp. The significance of this atypical global chromatin organization is unclear. We have compared the chromatin structures of purified mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, cortical oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and cortical astrocytes. DRG neurons have short average spacing (~165 bp), whereas OPCs (~182 bp) and astrocytes (~183 bp) have longer spacing. We measured nucleosome positions by MNase-seq and gene expression by RNA-seq. Most genes in all three cell types have a promoter chromatin organization typical of active genes: a nucleosome-depleted region at the promoter flanked by regularly spaced nucleosomes phased relative to the transcription start site. In DRG neurons, the spacing of phased nucleosomes downstream of promoters (~178 bp) is longer than expected from the genomic average, whereas phased nucleosome spacing in OPCs and astrocytes is similar to the global average (~183 bp). Thus, the atypical nucleosome spacing of neuronal chromatin does not extend to promoter-proximal regions.
2019-10-07 | GSE133745 | GEO
Project description:Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of chromatin, in which regularly spaced nucleosomes containing ?147 bp of DNA are separated by linker DNA. Most eukaryotic cells have a characteristic average nucleosome spacing of ?190 bp, corresponding to a ?45 bp linker. However, cortical neurons have a shorter average spacing of ?165 bp. The significance of this atypical global chromatin organization is unclear. We have compared the chromatin structures of purified mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, cortical oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and cortical astrocytes. DRG neurons have short average spacing (?165 bp), whereas OPCs (?182 bp) and astrocytes (?183 bp) have longer spacing. We measured nucleosome positions by MNase-seq and gene expression by RNA-seq. Most genes in all three cell types have a promoter chromatin organization typical of active genes: a nucleosome-depleted region at the promoter flanked by regularly spaced nucleosomes phased relative to the transcription start site. In DRG neurons, the spacing of phased nucleosomes downstream of promoters (?182 bp) is longer than expected from the genomic average for DRG neurons, whereas phased nucleosome spacing in OPCs and astrocytes is similar to the global average for these cells (?183 bp). Thus, the atypical nucleosome spacing of neuronal chromatin does not extend to promoter-proximal regions.
| S-EPMC6943982 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We generated S.cerevisiae strains in which endogenous copies of candidate nucleosome spacing factors were replaced with the K.lactis copies. With this candidate approach, we found that K.lactis Chd1 directed longer nucleosome repeat length in S.cerevisiae. Generating chimeric proteins revealed that the strongest contribution to this differential spacing lies in the undercharacterised N-terminus of Chd1.
2015-03-18 | GSE66979 | GEO
Project description:ACF1 regulates nucleosome spacing in Drosophila euchromatin
| PRJNA338337 | ENA
Project description:Role of Itc1 subnit in ISW2 remodeler in nucleosome positioning and spacing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2024-04-07 | GSE205956 | GEO
Project description:We addressed the roles of three nucleosome spacing enzymes (ISW1, ISW2 and CHD1) in specifying chromatin organization in S. cerevisiae.
2016-02-17 | GSE69400 | GEO
Project description:The positioning of nucleosomes within the coding regions of eukaryotic genes is aligned with respect to transcriptional start sites. This organization is likely to influence many genetic processes, requiring access to the underlying DNA. Here we show that the combined action of Isw1 and Chd1 nucleosome spacing enzymes is required to maintain this organization. In the absence of these enzymes regular positioning of the majority of nucleosomes is lost. Exceptions include the region upstream of the promoter, the +1 nucleosome and a subset of locations distributed throughout coding regions where other factors are likely to be involved. These observations indicated that ATP-dependent remodeling enzymes are responsible for directing the positioning of the majority of nucleosomes within the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. Examination of nucleosome positioning in mutants of snf2-related enzymes Other data used in this study are provided in GEO Series GSE31301 and GSE31833.
2011-09-16 | E-GEOD-31015 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Proteins exhibit dynamics in their expression level in response to intracellular and extracellular signals. Regulation of protein turnover allows cells to rapidly and efficiently remodel their proteomes. It is known that proteins can show very different turnover rates in different tissue of the same organism, but little is known about protein turnover rates in different brain cell types. We used a dynamic SILAC approach to determine protein half-lives in primary hippocampal cultures (containing a mixture of neurons and glia cells) as well as in neuron-enriched and glia-enriched cultures. We determined the protein half-lives for over 5100 proteins and found half-lives ranging from <1 to > 20 days with a median half-life of 5.4 days in mixed cultures. Membrane proteins as a group were shorter-lived and mitochondrial proteins, surprisingly, were longer-lived. Proteins in glia possessed significantly shorter half-lives than the same proteins in neurons. The presence of glia sped up or slowed down the half-lives of neuronal proteins. Our results demonstrate that both the cell-type of origin as well as the nature of the extracellular environment have potent influences on protein turnover.
2018-06-05 | PXD008596 | Pride