Project description:The project is based on the transcriptomic analysis from 8 groups of animal samples : Wild Type Sham Wild Type Castrated LXR-/- Sham LXR-/- Castrated PTEN-/- Sham PTEN-/- Castrated PTEN-/-LXR-/- Sham PTEN-/-LXR-/- Castrated.
Project description:Androgen deprivation is a standard of care front-line therapy for human prostate cancer, however, majority of patients will eventally develop resistance to androgen deprivation. In this study, using a human prostate cancer xenograft model -LuCaP35, we examiend the gene expression changes after castration. We compare the gene expression of 5 LuCaP35 xenografts from non-treated mice (Control), and 5 androgen-deprived LuCaP35 xenografts from castrated mice (Castration).
Project description:Incurable metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) eventually occurs after androgen deprivation treatment. It is important to understand how CRPC initiates/progress. We generated a mouse androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line (PKO) from PTEN null and Hi-Myc transgenic mice in C57BL/6 background. Here we analyzed the expression profiles of PKO cells.
Project description:Androgen deprivation is a standard of care front-line therapy for human prostate cancer, however, majority of patients will eventally develop resistance to androgen deprivation. In this study, using a human prostate cancer xenograft model -LuCaP35, we examiend the gene expression changes after castration.
Project description:Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death and morbidity worldwide. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the cornerstone of management for advanced disease. The use of androgen deprivation therapies is associated with multiple side effects, including metabolic syndrome and truncal obesity. At the same time, obesity has been associated with both prostate cancer development and disease progression, linked to its effects on chronic inflammation at a tissue level. The connection between androgen deprivation therapy, obesity, inflammation, and prostate cancer progression is well-established in clinical settings; however, an understanding of the changes in adipose tissue at the molecular level induced by castrating therapies is missing. Here we investigated the transcriptional changes in periprostatic fat tissue induced by profound androgen deprivation therapy in a group of patients with high-risk tumours compared to a matching untreated cohort. We find that androgen deprivation therapy is associated with a pro-inflammatory and obesity-like adipose tissue microenvironment. This study suggests that the beneficial effect of androgen deprivation therapy may be partially counteracted by metabolic and inflammatory side effects in the adipose tissue surrounding the prostate.
Project description:LXR is a transcription factor. Two isoforms exist in mice (alpha and beta). They are both expressed in the liver. We examined the role of LXR by obtaining gene expression profiles from the livers of wild-type and LXR-/- mice from the same genetic background. Liver gene expression was measured from male mice (5 mice/group) of genotypes wild-type and LXR-/- on a mixed Sv129/C57Bl6J background (Repa et al. , 2000, Science, 289(5484):1524-9; Cummins et al., 2006, J Clin Invest,116(7):1902-12) fed for 7 weeks a normal diet (ND) or a Western diet (WD).
Project description:Folic acid is present in pre-natal vitamins, fortified cereal grains and multi-vitamin supplements. High intake of folic acid through these sources has resulted in populations with increased levels of serum folate and unmetabolized folic acid. Although the benefits of folic acid in the prevention of neural tube defects are undeniable, the impact of long-term consumption of folic acid on the prostate is not fully understood. In this study, we used a rodent model to test whether dietary folic acid (FA) supplementation changes prostate homeostasis and response to androgen deprivation. Although intact prostate weights do not differ between diet groups, we made the surprising observation that dietary folic acid supplementation confers partial resistance to castration-mediated prostate involution. More specifically, male mice that were fed a folic acid supplemented diet and then castrated had greater prostate wet weights, greater prostatic luminal epithelial cell heights, and more abundant RNAs encoding prostate secretory proteins compared to mice that were fed a control diet and castrated. We used RNA-seq to identify signaling pathways enriched in the castrated prostates from folic acid supplemented diet fed mice compared to control mice. We observed differential expression of genes involved in several metabolic pathways in the FA supplemented mice. Together, our results show that dietary FA supplementation can impact metabolism in the prostate and attenuate the prostate’s response to androgen deprivation. This has important implications for androgen deprivation therapies used in the treatment of prostate disease, as consumption of high levels of folic acid could reduce the efficacy of these treatments.
Project description:Following androgen ablation therapy (AAT), the vast majority of prostate cancer patients develop treatment resistance with a median time of 18-24 months to disease progression. To identify molecular targets that aid in prostate cancer cell survival and contribute to the androgen independent phenotype, we evaluated changes in LNCaP cell gene expression during 12 months of androgen deprivation. At time points reflecting critical growth and phenotypic changes, we performed Affymetrix expression array analysis to examine the effects of androgen deprivation during the acute response, during the period of apparent quiescence, and during the emergence of highly proliferative, androgen-independent prostate cancer cells (LNCaP-AI). We discovered alterations in gene expression for a host of molecules associated with promoting prostate cancer cell growth and survival, regulating cell cycle progression, apoptosis and adrenal androgen metabolism, in addition to AR co-regulators and markers of neuroendocrine disease. These findings illustrate the complexity and unpredictable nature of cancer cell biology and contribute greatly to our understanding of how prostate cancer cells likely survive AAT. The value of this longitudinal approach lies in the ability to examine gene expression changes throughout the cellular response to androgen deprivation; it provides a more dynamic illustration of those genes which contribute to disease progression in addition to specific genes which constitute a malignant androgen-independent phenotype. In conclusion, it is of great importance that we employ new approaches, such as the one proposed here, to continue exploring the cellular mechanisms of therapy resistance and identify promising targets to improve cancer therapeutics. Experiment Overall Design: To identify molecular targets that aid in prostate cancer cell survival and contribute to the androgen independent phenotype, we evaluated changes in LNCaP cell gene expression during 12 months of androgen deprivation. At time points reflecting critical growth and phenotypic changes, we performed Affymetrix expression array analysis to examine the effects of androgen deprivation during the acute response, during the period of apparent quiescence, and during the emergence of highly proliferative, androgen-independent prostate cancer cells (LNCaP-AI).
Project description:LXR is a transcription factor. Two isoforms exist in mice (alpha and beta). They are both expressed in the liver. We examined the role of LXR by obtaining gene expression profiles from the livers of wild-type and LXR-/- mice from the same genetic background.