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Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei II

ABSTRACT: Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei II

PROVIDER: PRJNA556696 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR9836770_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9836770_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9836771_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9836771_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR9836766_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei

Project description:Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei

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Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei II

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Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei I

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Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei

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Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i>.

Project description:African trypanosomes use an extreme form of antigenic variation to evade host immunity, involving the switching of expressed variant surface glycoproteins by a stochastic and parasite-intrinsic process. Parasite development in the mammalian host is another feature of the infection dynamic, with trypanosomes undergoing quorum sensing (QS)-dependent differentiation between proliferative slender forms and arrested, transmissible, stumpy forms. Longstanding experimental studies have suggested that the frequency of antigenic variation and transmissibility may be linked, antigen switching being higher in developmentally competent, fly-transmissible, parasites ("pleomorphs") than in serially passaged "monomorphic" lines that cannot transmit through flies. Here, we have directly tested this tenet of the infection dynamic by using 2 experimental systems to reduce pleomorphism. Firstly, lines were generated that inducibly lose developmental capacity through RNAi-mediated silencing of the QS signaling machinery ("inducible monomorphs"). Secondly, de novo lines were derived that have lost the capacity for stumpy formation by serial passage ("selected monomorphs") and analyzed for their antigenic variation in comparison to isogenic preselected populations. Analysis of both inducible and selected monomorphs has established that antigen switch frequency and developmental capacity are independently selected traits. This generates the potential for diverse infection dynamics in different parasite populations where the rate of antigenic switching and transmission competence are uncoupled. Further, this may support the evolution, maintenance, and spread of important trypanosome variants such as Trypanosoma brucei evansi that exploit mechanical transmission.

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Trypanosoma brucei brucei

Project description:Trypanosoma brucei brucei VSG-seq

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In vitro generation of human high-density-lipoprotein-resistant Trypanosoma brucei brucei

Project description:The host range of African trypanosomes is influenced by innate protective molecules in the blood of primates. A subfraction of human high-density lipoprotein (HDL) containing apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein L-I, and haptoglobin-related protein is toxic to Trypanosoma brucei brucei but not the human sleeping sickness parasite Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. It is thought that T. b. rhodesiense evolved from a T. b. brucei-like ancestor and expresses a defense protein that ablates the antitrypanosomal activity of human HDL. To directly investigate this possibility, we developed an in vitro selection to generate human HDL-resistant T. b. brucei. Here we show that conversion of T. b. brucei from human HDL sensitive to resistant correlates with changes in the expression of the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) and abolished uptake of the cytotoxic human HDLs. Complete transcriptome analysis of the HDL-susceptible and -resistant trypanosomes confirmed that VSG switching had occurred but failed to reveal the expression of other genes specifically associated with human HDL resistance, including the serum resistance-associated gene (SRA) of T. b. rhodesiense. In addition, we found that while the original active expression site was still utilized, expression of three expression site-associated genes (ESAG) was altered in the HDL-resistant trypanosomes. These findings demonstrate that resistance to human HDLs can be acquired by T. b. brucei. Keywords: Trypanosoma, VSG, antigenic switching, HDL-resistance

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Trypanosoma brucei brucei

Project description:Trypanosoma brucei brucei edited mRNA transcriptomes

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Project description:Trypanosoma brucei brucei Raw sequence reads

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