Soil and root associated fungi from a typical steppe in Inner Mongolia
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA613989 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR11447104.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11447105.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11447106.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11447107.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR11447108.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:soil and root associated fungi from a typical steppe in Inner Mongolia Raw sequence reads
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Project description:BackgroundThe redundancy hypothesis predicts that the species redundancy in a plant community enhances community stability. However, numerous studies in recent years questioned the positive correlation between redundancy and stability.MethodologyWe explored the relationship between the species redundancy, functional redundancy and community stability in typical steppe grassland in Northern China by sampling grassland vegetation along a gradient of resource availability caused by micro-topography. We aimed to test whether community redundancy enhanced community stability, and to quantify the relative importance of species redundancy and functional redundancy in maintaining community stability.ResultsOur results showed that the spatial stability of plant community production increases with increased supply of soil resources, and the functional redundancy instead of species diversity or species redundancy is correlated with the community stability. Our results supported the redundancy hypothesis and have implications for sustainable grassland management.
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Project description:BackgroundAs one of the important management practices of grassland ecosystems, grazing has fundamental effects on soil properties, vegetation, and soil microbes. Grazing can thus alter soil respiration (Rs) and the soil carbon cycle, yet its impacts and mechanisms remain unclear.MethodsTo explore the response of soil carbon flux and temperature sensitivity to different grazing systems, Rs, soil temperature (ST), and soil moisture (SM) were observed from December 2014 to September 2015 in a typical steppe of Inner Mongolia under three grazing systems: year-long grazing, rest-rotation grazing, and grazing exclusion. In addition, plant aboveground and root biomass, soil microbial biomass and community composition, and soil nutrients were measured during the pilot period.ResultsSoil respiration was significantly different among the three grazing systems. The average Rs was highest under rest-rotation grazing (1.26 ?mol·m-2·s-1), followed by grazing exclusion (0.98 ?mol·m-2·s-1) and year-long grazing (0.94 ?mol·m-2·s-1). Rs was closely associated with ST, SM, potential substrate and root, and soil microbe activity. The effects of grazing among two grazing systems had generality, but were different due to grazing intensity. The root biomass was stimulated by grazing, and the rest-rotation grazing system resulted in the highest Rs. Grazing led to decreases in aboveground and microbial biomass as well as the loss of soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus from the steppe ecosystem, which explained the negative effect of grazing on Rs in the year-long grazing system compared to the grazing exclusion system. The temperature sensitivity of Rs (Q10) was higher in the rest-rotation and year-long grazing systems, likely due to the higher temperature sensitivity of rhizosphere respiration and higher "rhizosphere priming effect" in the promoted root biomass. The structural equation model analysis showed that while grazing inhibited Rs by reducing soil aeration porosity, ground biomass and SM, it increased Q10 but had a lower effect than other factors. A better understanding of the effects of grazing on soil respiration has important practical implications.
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Project description:Nutrient resorption from senesced leaves is an important mechanism for nutrient conservation in plants. However, little is known about the effect of grazing on plant nutrient resorption from senesced leaves, especially in semiarid ecosystems. Here, we evaluated the effects of grazing on N and P resorption in the three most dominant grass species in a typical steppe in northern China. We identified the key pathways of grazing-induced effects on N and P resorption efficiency. Grazing increased N and P concentrations in the green leaves of Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis but not in Cleistogenes squarossa. Both L. chinensis and S. grandis exhibited an increasing trend of leaf N resorption, whereas C. squarrosa recorded a decline in both leaf N and P resorption efficiency under grazing. Structural equation models showed that grazing is the primary driver of the changes in N resorption efficiency of the three dominant grass species. For L. chinensis, the P concentration in green and senesced leaves increased the P resorption efficiency, whereas the senesced leaf P concentration played an important role in the P resorption efficiency of C. squarrosa. Grazing directly drove the change in P resorption efficiency of S. grandis. Our results suggest that large variations in nutrient resorption patterns among plant species depend on leaf nutritional status and nutrient-use strategies under overgrazing, and indicate that overgrazing may have indirect effects on plant-mediated nutrient cycling via inducing shifts in the dominance of the three plant species.
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Project description:Extreme events such as extreme drought and precipitation are expected to increase in intensity and/or duration in the face of climate change. Such changes significantly affect plant productivity and the biomass allocation between reproductive and vegetation organs (i.e., reproductive allocation). Our aims are to test the effects of water addition on the trade-offs in allocation of plant biomass and whether such effects are modified by species. A manipulative experiment was conducted from May 2000 to October 2001, where four dominant plant species (i.e., Leymus chinensis, Stipa grandis, Artemisia frigida, and Potentilla acaulis) in the Inner Mongolia steppe in China were treated with 8 levels of water addition. Results demonstrated that water addition significantly affected the reproductive allocation of plants, and such effects were modified by species. Specifically, with increasing water availability, L. chinensis was not impacted, while A. frigida allocated more biomass to reproductive organs than to vegetative organs, while such allocation in S. grandis and P. acaulis first decreased, and then increased after reaching a peak. Our results indicated that plant species can adjust their reproductive allocation patterns to deal with water availability gradients. Climatic factors such as rainfall and temperature usually co-appearing, thus future research should explore the joint effects of several climate change factors on grasslands in order to maintain the health and sustainability of grasslands.
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Project description:Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi play vital roles in ensuring host plants' health, plant diversity, and the functionality of the ecosystem. However, EM fungal diversity, community composition, and underlying assembly processes in Inner Mongolia, China, where forests are typically semiarid and cold-temperate zones, attract less attention. In this study, we investigated EM fungal communities from 63 root samples of five common pine plants in Inner Mongolia across 1,900 km using Illumina Miseq sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer 2 region. We evaluated the impact of host plant phylogeny, soil, climatic, and spatial variables on EM fungal diversity and community turnover. Deterministic vs. stochastic processes for EM fungal community assembly were quantified using β-nearest taxon index scores. In total, we identified 288 EM fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 31 lineages, of which the most abundant lineages were Tomentella-Thelephora, Wilcoxina, Tricholoma, and Suillus-Rhizopogon. Variations in EM fungal OTU richness and community composition were significantly predicted by host phylogeny, soil (total nitrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen-phosphorus ratio, and magnesium), climate, and spatial distance, with the host plant being the most important factor. β-nearest taxon index demonstrated that both deterministic and stochastic processes jointly determined the community assembly of EM fungi, with the predominance of stochastic processes. At the Saihanwula site selected for preference analysis, all plant species (100%) presented significant preferences for EM fungi, 54% of abundant EM fungal OTUs showed significant preferences for host plants, and 26% of pairs of plant species and abundant fungal OTUs exhibited remarkably strong preferences. Overall, we inferred that the high diversity and distinctive community composition of EM fungi associated with natural pine species in Inner Mongolia and the stochastic processes prevailed in determining the community assembly of EM fungi. Our study shed light on the diversity and community assembly of EM fungi associated with common pine species in semiarid and cold temperate forests in Inner Mongolia, China, for the first time and provided a better understanding of the ecological processes underlying the community assembly of mutualistic fungi.
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Project description:Arid grassland ecosystems have significant interannual variation in carbon exchange; however, it is unclear how environmental factors influence carbon exchange in different hydrological years. In this study, the eddy covariance technique was used to investigate the seasonal and interannual variability of CO? flux over a temperate desert steppe in Inner Mongolia, China from 2008 to 2010. The amounts and times of precipitation varied significantly throughout the study period. The precipitation in 2009 (186.4 mm) was close to the long-term average (183.9±47.6 mm), while the precipitation in 2008 (136.3 mm) and 2010 (141.3 mm) was approximately a quarter below the long-term average. The temperate desert steppe showed carbon neutrality for atmospheric CO? throughout the study period, with a net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE) of -7.2, -22.9, and 26.0 g C m?² yr?¹ in 2008, 2009, and 2010, not significantly different from zero. The ecosystem gained more carbon in 2009 compared to other two relatively dry years, while there was significant difference in carbon uptake between 2008 and 2010, although both years recorded similar annual precipitation. The results suggest that summer precipitation is a key factor determining annual NEE. The apparent quantum yield and saturation value of NEE (NEE(sat)) and the temperature sensitivity coefficient of ecosystem respiration (R(eco)) exhibited significant variations. The values of NEE(sat) were -2.6, -2.9, and -1.4 µmol CO? m?² s?¹ in 2008, 2009, and 2010, respectively. Drought suppressed both the gross primary production (GPP) and R(eco), and the drought sensitivity of GPP was greater than that of R(eco). The soil water content sensitivity of GPP was high during the dry year of 2008 with limited soil moisture availability. Our results suggest the carbon balance of this temperate desert steppe was not only sensitive to total annual precipitation, but also to its seasonal distribution.
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Project description:Root associated fungus metagenome Targeted Locus (Loci)
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Project description:terrestrial metagenome Targeted Locus (Loci)
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