Project description:We assessed the transcriptomic adaptation of the calf rumen epithelium to changes in ruminal pH caused by feeding calf starter with and without forage during weaning transition. The calves were divided into a gorage provision group (HAY group, n = 3) and forage non-provision group (CON group, n = 4) 3 weeks after weaning.
Project description:We assessed the transcriptomic adaptation of the calf rumen epithelium to changes in ruminal pH caused by feeding calf starter with and without forage during weaning transition.
Project description:Fifiteen male Hu-lambs were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 5 for each group). Lambs in the control (CON), HG, and HP groups received low-grain nonpelleted diet (30% concentrate), HG diet (70% concentrate), and HP diet containing the same ingredients and nutritions with HG group, respectivley. After 60-day treatment, all the lambs were slaughtered to collect ruminal epihelium samples for transcriptome analysis.
Project description:Cistus ladanifer L. is a common shrub endemic to the Mediterranean that is highly concentrated in condensed tannins (CT). CT form complexes with dietary protein that resist microbial degradation in the rumen, which enhances dietary protein utilization in ruminant diets. The objective of this study was to evaluate the utilization of CT in the diet of lambs on the proteomes of muscle, hepatic and adipose tissues. Twenty-four white merino ram lambs were divided in three groups (n=8) fed on different diets: control (16% crude protein - CP), reduced protein (12% CP) and reduced protein treated with CT extract. At the end of the trial, lambs were slaughtered and the longissimus lumborum muscle, hepatic and peri-renal adipose tissues sampled. A two-way approach was used for shotgun proteomic analysis: 2D-DIGE (gel-based) and nanoLC-MS (gel-free). In the muscle, control lambs had lower abundance proteins that partake in the glycolysis pathway. With dietary 12 % CP, lambs had higher abundance of Fe-carrying proteins in the hepatic tissue. Lambs with dietary CT had higher abundance of hepatic flavin reductase. In the adipose tissue, control lambs had lower abundance of fatty-acid synthase. In conclusion, CT inclusion influences specific pathways in lamb tissues.
Project description:Twelve midlactation cows received 4 diets differing in forage-to-concentrate ration (High (HF) versus Low (LF) forage supplemented or not with lipids (HF with whole intact rapeseeds (HF-RS) and LF with sunflower oil (LF-SO)) 12 cows got into 4 groups, each cow was received 4 different diets in a latin square design Green*txt and Red_*txt raw data files contain Cy3 and Cy5 signal intensities, respectively.
Project description:The structure and function of the microbiome inhabiting the rumen are, amongst other factors, mainly shaped by the animal’s feed intake. Describing the influence of different diets on the inherent community arrangement and associated metabolic activities of the most active ruminal fractions (bacteria and archaea) is of great interest for animal nutrition, biotechnology and climatology. Samples were obtained from three fistulated Jersey cows rotationally fed with corn silage, grass silage or hay, each supplemented with a concentrate mixture. Samples were fractionated into ruminal fluid, squeezed solid and solid matter. DNA, proteins and metabolites were analyzed subsequently. DNA extracts were used for Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and the metabolomes of rumen fluids were determined by 500MHz-NMR spectroscopy. Tryptic peptides derived from protein extracts were measured by LC-ESI-MS/MS and spectra were processed by a two-step database search for quantitative metaproteome characterization. Protein- and DNA-based datasets revealed significant differences between sample fractions and diets and affirmed similar trends concerning shifts in phylogenetic composition. Ribosomal genes and proteins belonging to the phylum of Proteobacteria, particularly Succinivibrionaceae, exhibited a higher abundance in corn silage-based samples while fiber-degraders of the Lachnospiraceae family emerged in great quantities throughout the solid phase fractions. The analysis of 8163 quantified bacterial proteins revealed the presence of 166 carbohydrate active enzymes in varying abundance. Cellulosome affiliated proteins were less expressed in the grass silage, glycoside hydrolases appeared in slightest numbers in the corn silage. Most expressed glycoside hydrolases belonged to families 57 and 2. Enzymes analogous to ABC transporters for amino acids and monosaccharides were more abundant in the corn silage whereas oligosaccharide transporters showed a higher abundance in the fiber-rich diets. Proteins involved in carbon metabolism were detected in high numbers and identification of metabolites like short-chain fatty acids, methylamines and phenylpropionate by NMR enabled linkage between producers and products. This study forms a solid basis to retrieve deeper insight into the complex network of gut microbial adaptation.
Project description:In this study, we investigated the molecular regulatory mechanisms of milk protein production in dairy cows by studying the miRNAomes of five key metabolic tissues involved in protein synthesis and metabolism from dairy cows fed high- and low-quality diets. In total, 340, 338, 337, 330, and 328 miRNAs were expressed in the rumen, duodenum, jejunum, liver, and mammary gland tissues, respectively. Some miRNAs were highly correlated with feed and nitrogen efficiency, with target genes involved in transportation and phosphorylation of amino acid (AA). Additionally, low-quality forage diets (corn stover and rice straw) influenced the expression of feed and nitrogen efficiency-associated miRNAs such as miR-99b in rumen, miR-2336 in duodenum, miR-652 in jejunum, miR-1 in liver, and miR-181a in mammary gland. Ruminal miR-21-3p and liver miR-2285f were predicted to regulate AA transportation by targeting ATP1A2 and SLC7A8, respectively. Furthermore, bovine-specific miRNAs regulated the proliferation and morphology of rumen epithelium, as well as the metabolism of liver lipids and branched-chain AAs, revealing bovine-specific mechanisms. Our results suggest that miRNAs expressed in these five tissues play roles in regulating transportation of AA for downstream milk production, which is an important mechanism that may be associated with low milk protein under lowquality forage feed.
Project description:12 Holstein dairy heifers were limit-fed with high or low forage diets, and integrative hepatic metabolomics and proteomics were used to reveal insights into the mechanism of different feed efficiency behind that.
