Project description:Gut microbiome research is rapidly moving towards the functional characterization of the microbiota by means of shotgun meta-omics. Here, we selected a cohort of healthy subjects from an indigenous and monitored Sardinian population to analyze their gut microbiota using both shotgun metagenomics and shotgun metaproteomics. We found a considerable divergence between genetic potential and functional activity of the human healthy gut microbiota, in spite of a quite comparable taxonomic structure revealed by the two approaches. Investigation of inter-individual variability of taxonomic features revealed Bacteroides and Akkermansia as remarkably conserved and variable in abundance within the population, respectively. Firmicutes-driven butyrogenesis (mainly due to Faecalibacterium spp.) was shown to be the functional activity with the higher expression rate and the lower inter-individual variability in the study cohort, highlighting the key importance of the biosynthesis of this microbial by-product for the gut homeostasis. The taxon-specific contribution to functional activities and metabolic tasks was also examined, giving insights into the peculiar role of several gut microbiota members in carbohydrate metabolism (including polysaccharide degradation, glycan transport, glycolysis and short-chain fatty acid production). In conclusion, our results provide useful indications regarding the main functions actively exerted by the gut microbiota members of a healthy human cohort, and support metaproteomics as a valuable approach to investigate the functional role of the gut microbiota in health and disease.
Project description:This a reciprocal transplant experiment. Two hebivorous lepidoptera species (Ostrinia nubilalis and Ostrinia scapulalis) have been fed either their preferred plant (corn for O.nubilalis and Mugwort for O. scapulalis) or the reciprocal plant. At 4th larval instar, RNA was extracted from whole larvae, size selected to enrich in small RNAs and sequenced by Illumina single-end 50bp.
Project description:This microarray was used to monitor gene expression in early third-instar larvae of Bt-susceptible O. nubilalis after 6-h feeding on diet with or without Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry1Ab protoxin.We identified 174 transcripts, for which the expression was changed more than 2-fold in the gut of the larvae fed Cry1Ab protoxin (p<0.05), representing 80 down-regulated and 94 up-regulated transcripts. Among 174 differentially expressed transcripts, 13 transcripts putatively encode proteins that are potentially involved in Bt toxicity, and these transcripts include eight serine proteases, three aminopeptidases, one alkaline phosphatase, and one cadherin. Cry1Ab protoxin ingestion induced gene expression was measured in O. nubilalis gut at 6 after Cry1Ab protoxin toxin exposure to doses of 0.25 M-NM-<g/ml artificial diet. three independent experiments were performed using three insect gut samples,and each sample was from five insects' gut pooled.
Project description:The main goal of the project is the study the associations between the gut metagenome and human health. The dataset contains data for n=7211 FINRISK 2002 participants who underwent fecal sampling. Demultiplexed shallow shotgun metagenomic sequences were quality filtered and adapter trimmed using Atropos (Didion et al., 2017), and human filtered using Bowtie2 (Langmead and Salzberg, 2012).
Project description:The main goal of the project is the study the associations between the gut metagenome and human health. The dataset contains data for n=7211 FINRISK 2002 participants who underwent fecal sampling. Demultiplexed shallow shotgun metagenomic sequences were quality filtered and adapter trimmed using Atropos (Didion et al., 2017), and human filtered using Bowtie2 (Langmead and Salzberg, 2012).
Project description:This project contains raw data, intermediate files and results is a re-analysis of the publicly available dataset from the PRIDE dataset PXD005780. The RAW files were processed using ThermoRawFileParser, SearchGUI and PeptideShaker through standard settings (see ‘Data Processing Protocol’). This reanalysis work is part of the MetaPUF (MetaProteomics with Unknown Function) project, which is a collaboration between EMBL-EBI and the University of Luxembourg. The dataset was selected with the following conditions: 1. It has been made publicly available in PRIDE and focuses on metaproteomics of the human gut; 2. The corresponding metagenomics assemblies were also available from ENA (European Nucleotide Archive) or MGnify. The processed peptide reports for each sample are available to view at the contig level on the MGnify website. In total, the reanalysis identified 15,417 unique proteins from 15 samples.