Project description:RNA-Seq of Serial Kidney Biopsies Obtained During Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease from Dogs with X-Linked Hereditary Nephropathy
Project description:Congenital obstructive nephropathy is a common cause of chronic kidney disease and a leading indication for renal transplant in children. The cellular and molecular responses of the kidney to congenital obstruction are incompletely characterized. In this study, we evaluated global transcription in kidneys with graded hydronephrosis in the megabladder (mgb-/-) mouse to better understand the pathophysiology of congenital obstructive nephropathy. Three primary pathways associated with kidney remodeling/repair were induced in mgb-/- kidneys independent of the degree of hydronephrosis. These pathways included retinoid signaling, steroid hormone metabolism, and renal response to injury. Urothelial proliferation and the expression of genes with roles in the integrity and maintenance of the renal urothelium were selectively increased in mgb-/- kidneys. Ngal/Lcn2, a marker of acute kidney injury, was elevated in 36% of kidneys with higher grades of hydronephrosis. Evaluation of Ngalhigh versus Ngallow kidneys identified the expression of several novel candidate markers of renal injury. This study indicates that the development of progressive hydronephrosis in mgb-/- mice results in renal adaptation that includes significant changes in the morphology and potential functionality of the renal urothelium. These observations will permit the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic approaches to progressive renal injury in the context of congenital obstruction. Gene expression was measured in control, mild, moderate and severely hydronephrotic megabladder mouse kidneys. A total of 6 control kidneys were compared to 18 mutant kidneys from age-matched male animals.
Project description:Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common tumour type in canine bladder cancer. Current diagnostic methods are technically challenging or can lack specificity, hence there is a need for novel biomarkers of UC. To this end, we analysed the microRNA (miRNA) cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from urine samples of dogs with UC to identify miRNAs that could be utilised as biomarkers. Urine was fractionated using ultrafiltration combined with size-exclusion chromatography and small RNA sequencing analysis was performed on both the EV enriched and (EV free) protein fractions. A greater number of candidate miRNA biomarkers were detected in the EV fraction than the protein fraction, and further validation using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was performed on the EV enriched fraction of a second cohort of dogs with bladder cancer which validated three miRNAs as candidate biomarkers; miR-182, miR-221 and miR-222 as being significantly overrepresented in dogs with UC when compared with healthy dogs and dogs with urinary tract infections. Pathway analysis confirmed that these three miRNAs are involved in cancer. In addition, their potential downstream gene targets were predicted and PIK3R1, a well-known oncogene is likely to be a shared target between miRNA-182 and miRNA-221/222. In summary, this study highlights the potential of urinary EV-associated miRNAs as a source of biomarkers for the diagnosis of canine UC.
Project description:Congenital obstructive nephropathy is a common cause of chronic kidney disease and a leading indication for renal transplant in children. The cellular and molecular responses of the kidney to congenital obstruction are incompletely characterized. In this study, we evaluated global transcription in kidneys with graded hydronephrosis in the megabladder (mgb-/-) mouse to better understand the pathophysiology of congenital obstructive nephropathy. Three primary pathways associated with kidney remodeling/repair were induced in mgb-/- kidneys independent of the degree of hydronephrosis. These pathways included retinoid signaling, steroid hormone metabolism, and renal response to injury. Urothelial proliferation and the expression of genes with roles in the integrity and maintenance of the renal urothelium were selectively increased in mgb-/- kidneys. Ngal/Lcn2, a marker of acute kidney injury, was elevated in 36% of kidneys with higher grades of hydronephrosis. Evaluation of Ngalhigh versus Ngallow kidneys identified the expression of several novel candidate markers of renal injury. This study indicates that the development of progressive hydronephrosis in mgb-/- mice results in renal adaptation that includes significant changes in the morphology and potential functionality of the renal urothelium. These observations will permit the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic approaches to progressive renal injury in the context of congenital obstruction.
Project description:Specific molecular biomarkers were detected in kidney biopsy of IgA nephropathy characterizing active (E and C) and chronic (T) renal lesions compared with other non-IgA glomerulonephritis and living donors
Project description:The objective of our study was to search for survival biomarkers (SB) and treatment response monitoring biomarkers (TRMB) in the urinary proteome of dogs with renal disease secondardy to canine leishmaniosis (CanL),
Project description:INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Loss of renal function is often the impetus for operative intervention in renal obstruction. Obstructive nephropathy is characterized discrete morphological and physiologic changes including tubular dilatation, apoptosis, and atrophy, as well as interstitial cellular infiltration and progressive interstitial fibrosis. We hypothesize that there are gene expression alterations correlated with obstructive nephropathy that could serve as biomarkers for early intervention. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were subjected to Unilateral Urethral Obstruction (UUO) or sham surgery at postnatal day 21 of life, and kidneys were harvested after 1, 2, 5 and 9 days postoperatively. RNA was extracted from kidneys and comprehensive gene expression profiling was performed with Agilent microarrays. We used biological replicates: 13 UUO replicates, 9 sham replicates. 2-Channel microarrays were hybridized using universal reference in the Cy3 channel. Ingenuity pathway analysis was used to analyze the biological function and gene networks of gene expression data. RESULTS: Microarray analysis revealed more than 1800 transcripts that were up- or down-regulated over days 1 through 9 following obstruction, and included many transcripts reported previously (FOS, CD44, CLU, SPP1 and EGF). Pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of transcripts in cell activation/differentiation, immune/inflammatory responses, cell cycle, metabolic process and transport. Interestingly, IPA network analysis showed that transcriptional regulatory pathway involving CEBPB/HNF4A is involved in obstructive nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS: Transcript profiling identified numerous gene expression changes following UUO and suggests a role for CEBPB/HNF4A pathway in obstructive nephropathy. This dataset provides a foundation for development of biomarkers for obstructive nephropathy. Time: day samples were collected post operation Somatic Modification: mice were operated on to generate urethral obstruction (Obstructed/Control) time_series_design
Project description:Ischemic preconditioning is effective in limiting subsequent ischemic acute kidney injury in experimental models. microRNAs are an important class of post-transcriptional regulator and show promise as biomarkers of kidney injury. An evaluation was performed of the time- and dose-dependent effects of ischemic preconditioning in a rat model of functional (bilateral) ischemia-reperfusion injury. A short, repetitive sequence of ischemic preconditioning resulted in optimal protection from subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury. A detailed characterization of microRNA expression in ischemic preconditioning/ischemia-reperfusion injury was performed by small RNA-Seq.
Project description:INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Loss of renal function is often the impetus for operative intervention in renal obstruction. Obstructive nephropathy is characterized discrete morphological and physiologic changes including tubular dilatation, apoptosis, and atrophy, as well as interstitial cellular infiltration and progressive interstitial fibrosis. We hypothesize that there are gene expression alterations correlated with obstructive nephropathy that could serve as biomarkers for early intervention. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were subjected to Unilateral Urethral Obstruction (UUO) or sham surgery at postnatal day 21 of life, and kidneys were harvested after 1, 2, 5 and 9 days postoperatively. RNA was extracted from kidneys and comprehensive gene expression profiling was performed with Agilent microarrays. We used biological replicates: 13 UUO replicates, 9 sham replicates. 2-Channel microarrays were hybridized using universal reference in the Cy3 channel. Ingenuity pathway analysis was used to analyze the biological function and gene networks of gene expression data. RESULTS: Microarray analysis revealed more than 1800 transcripts that were up- or down-regulated over days 1 through 9 following obstruction, and included many transcripts reported previously (FOS, CD44, CLU, SPP1 and EGF). Pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of transcripts in cell activation/differentiation, immune/inflammatory responses, cell cycle, metabolic process and transport. Interestingly, IPA network analysis showed that transcriptional regulatory pathway involving CEBPB/HNF4A is involved in obstructive nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS: Transcript profiling identified numerous gene expression changes following UUO and suggests a role for CEBPB/HNF4A pathway in obstructive nephropathy. This dataset provides a foundation for development of biomarkers for obstructive nephropathy. Time: day samples were collected post operation Somatic Modification: mice were operated on to generate urethral obstruction (Obstructed/Control)
Project description:Expression data from human with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and hypertensive nephropathy (HT) We used microarrays to analyze the transcriptome of microdissected renal biopsies from patients with IgAN and HT RNA from glomeruli and tubulointerstitial compartments was extracted and processed for hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.