Project description:we suggest that TCR repertoire analysis be carried out through IR-seq to produce reliable and accurate results, along with the removal of single-read clonotypes, to conduct immune research in cancer using high-throughput sequencing.
Project description:Infiltrating T-lymphocytes from the peripheral blood into the central nervous system (CNS) play a dynamic role in the development of a neurological immune-mediated diseases. HAM/TSP is a chronic progressive inflammatory neurological disorder associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection. In this chronic myelopathy, virus-infected circulating T-cells infiltrate the CNS and an immune response is initiated against the components of CNS. As the HTLV-I proviral load (PVL) has been used as the best clinical marker for patient diagnostic with HAM/TSP, we hypothesized there might be a signature on T-cell receptor (TCR) clonal repertoire in these patients, which could distinguish HAM/TSP patients from the healthy population, as well as from patients with a more heterogeneous CNS-reactive inflammatory disease as multiple sclerosis (MS). With this in mind, we applied an innovative unbiased molecular technique – unique molecular identifier (UMI) library-strategy to investigate with high accuracy the TCR clonal repertoire by high throughput sequencing (HTS) technology. cDNA-TCR β-chain libraries were sequenced from 2 million peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in 14 HAM/TSP patients, 34 MS patients and 20 healthy controls (HC). To address whether the clonal expansion correlates with the patient’s PVL level, analysis of longitudinal TCR repertoire was performed in 2 HAM/TSP patients. Over 5.6 million TCR sequences were generated per sample on HiSeq 2500 Illumina system and analyzed through the molecular identifier groups-based error correction pipeline (MiGEC). Bioinformatic analysis showed that clones with more than 8 reads had a lower coefficient of variation (CV) and then could be used with confidence to evaluate the TCR clonal expansion. While HAM/TSP patients showed the higher clonal T-cell expansion compared to MS and HC, increase of the TCR clonal expansion was inversely correlated with the diversity of TCR repertoire in all subject’s group. In addition, correlation of the PVL with TCR clonal expansion was observed in HAM/TSP patients at longitudinal time-points. Surprisingly, MS patients showed a higher diversity of TCR repertoire along with a very slight clonal T-cell expansion in comparison to either HAM/TSP patients or HC. Despite of the higher TCR clonal expansion in HAM/TSP patients, a non-shared or “private” TCR repertoire was observed in these patients. No clones that shared the same CDR3 amino acid sequences were seen in HC and MS patients. However, a cluster of related CDR3 amino acid sequences were observed for 18 out of 34 MS patients when evaluated by phylogenetic tree analysis. It suggestes that a TCR-repertoire signature might characterize patients with MS. Our findings suggest that even though a unique TCR-b repertoire shapes the immune response in patients with neurological immune-mediated disease, a relatedness on clonal T-cell repertoire exist in MS.
Project description:Temporal analysis of T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire has been used to monitor treatment-induced changes in antigen-specific T cells in patients with cancer. However, lack of experimental model that allows the temporal analysis of TCR repertoire in same individual in homogeneous population limit the understanding of causal relationship between changes in TCR repertoire and antitumor responses. A bilateral tumor model, in which tumor cells were inoculated into the bilateral backs of mice, can be used for temporal analysis in TCR repertoire. In this study, we examined the prerequisite for this strategy: TCR repertoire are conserved between the bilateral tumor with same growth rate. The bilateral tumors with equivalent tumor size and draining lymph nodes (dLN) were collected 13 days after the tumor inoculation to analyze the TCR repertoire of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Most of the tumor-infiltrating T-cell clones were highly conserved between the bilateral tumors, and the extent of clonal expansion was equivalent. In addition, the similarity between bilateral tumors were equivalent to the heterogeneity in one side of the tumor. The similarity of TCR repertoire in the bilateral dLN was markedly lower than that of the tumor, suggesting that tumor-reactive T-cell clones induced independently in each dLN were integrated during recirculation and then infiltrated the tumor. These findings suggest that our bilateral tumor model is suitable for temporal monitoring of TCR repertoire to evaluate temporal and treatment-induced changes in tumor-reactive T-cell clones.
Project description:We study the repertoire of immunoglobulin sequences after immunization in a cohort of rats. Animals were immunized with dinitrophenol modified KLH or with recombinant human HuD. In the immune repertoire, and also in the matching proteomics data, we observe that the animals produce a repertoire that has many shared motifs for those immunized with the same antigen. Cluster analysis allows the samples to be segregated according to the immunogen used.
Project description:Human antibody response studies are largely restricted to periods of high immune activity (e.g., vaccination). To comprehensively understand the healthy B cell immune repertoire and how this changes over time and through natural infection, we profiled the antibodies of a single individual over 11 months through two periods of natural viral infection. We found that 1) a baseline of healthy variable (V) gene usage in antibodies exists and is stable over time, but antibodies in memory cells consistently have a different usage profile relative to earlier B cell stages; 2) a single complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) is potentially generated from more than one VJ combination; and 3) IgG and IgA antibody transcripts are found at low levels in early human B cell development, suggesting that class switching may occur earlier than previously realized. These findings provide insight into immune repertoire stability, response to natural infections, and human B cell development.
Project description:We study the repertoire of immunoglobulin sequences after immunization in a cohort of rats. Animals were immunized with dinitrophenol modified KLH or with recombinant human HuD. In the immune reprtoire, and also in the matching proteomics data, we observe that the animals produce a repertoire that has many shared motifs for those immunized with the same antigen. Cluster analysis allows the samples to be segregated according to the immunogen used.