Project description:Physical activity and cognitive challenge are established non-invasive methods to induce comprehensive brain activation and thereby improve global brain function including mood and emotional well-being in healthy subjects and in patients. However, the mechanisms underlying this experimental and clinical observation and broadly exploited therapeutic tool are still widely obscure. Here we show in the behaving brain that physiological (endogenous) hypoxia is likely a respective lead mechanism, regulating hippocampal plasticity via adaptive gene expression. A refined transgenic approach in mice, utilizing the oxygen-dependent degradation (ODD) domain of HIF-1α fused to CreERT2 recombinase, allows us to demonstrate hypoxic cells in the performing brain under normoxia and motor-cognitive challenge, and spatially map them by light-sheet microscopy, all in comparison to inspiratory hypoxia as strong positive control. We report that a complex motor-cognitive challenge causes hypoxia across essentially all brain areas, with hypoxic neurons particularly abundant in the hippocampus. These data suggest an intriguing model of neuroplasticity, in which a specific task-associated neuronal activity triggers mild hypoxia as a local neuron-specific as well as a brain-wide response, comprising indirectly activated neurons and non-neuronal cells.
Project description:Physical activity and cognitive challenge are established non-invasive methods to induce comprehensive brain activation and thereby improve global brain function including mood and emotional well-being in healthy subjects and in patients. However, the mechanisms underlying this experimental and clinical observation and broadly exploited therapeutic tool are still widely obscure. Here we show in the behaving brain that physiological (endogenous) hypoxia is likely a respective lead mechanism, regulating hippocampal plasticity via adaptive gene expression. A refined transgenic approach in mice, utilizing the oxygen-dependent degradation (ODD) domain of HIF-1α fused to CreERT2 recombinase, allows us to demonstrate hypoxic cells in the performing brain under normoxia and motor-cognitive challenge, and spatially map them by light-sheet microscopy, all in comparison to inspiratory hypoxia as strong positive control. We report that a complex motor-cognitive challenge causes hypoxia across essentially all brain areas, with hypoxic neurons particularly abundant in the hippocampus. These data suggest an intriguing model of neuroplasticity, in which a specific task-associated neuronal activity triggers mild hypoxia as a local neuron-specific as well as a brain-wide response, comprising indirectly activated neurons and non-neuronal cells.
Project description:We induced over-expression and under-expression of Camk2b in cultured rat hippocampal neurons through transfection with lentivirus plasmids. Then isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics followed by bioinformatics analyses were carried out to explore the impacts of Camk2b dysexpression on the proteome of the neurons.
Project description:Poly(A) RNA profiling upon Gld2 knockdown in cultured hippocampal neurons Neurons transduced with scrambled and Gld2 knowdown shRNA
Project description:To assess neuronal expression divergence between mice and rats, we used the Affymetrix array platform to assay the transcriptomes of micro-dissected individual soma and pool of dendrites of hippocampal neurons in dispersed primary cell cultures from rat and mouse. Using microdissected soma and dendrites from primary cultures of hippocampal neurons of two mouse strains (C57BL/6 and Balb/c) and one rat strain (Sprague-Dawley), we investigate via microarrays, subcellular localization of mRNAs in neurons
Project description:To assess neuronal expression divergence between mice and rats, we used the Affymetrix array platform to assay the transcriptomes of micro-dissected individual soma and pool of dendrites of hippocampal neurons in dispersed primary cell cultures from rat and mouse. Using microdissected soma and dendrites from primary cultures of hippocampal neurons of two mouse strains (C57BL/6 and Balb/c) and one rat strain (Sprague-Dawley), we investigate via microarrays, subcellular localization of mRNAs in neurons
Project description:We established a neuron-specific Argonaute2:GFP-RNA immunoprecipitation followed by high throughput sequencing (AGO2-RIP-seq) to analyse the regulatory role of miRNAs in mouse hippocampal neurons. Using this technique, we identified more than two thousand miRNA target genes in hippocampal neurons, regulating essential neuronal features such as axon guidance and transcription. Furthermore, we found that stable inhibition of the highly expressed miR-124 in hippocampal neurons led to significant changes in the AGO2 binding of target mRNAs, resulting in subsequent upregulation of numerous miRNA target genes. Our data suggest that target redundancies are common among microRNA families. Together, these findings greatly enhance our understanding of the mechanisms and dynamics through which miRNAs regulate their target genes in neurons. Analysis of the miRNA targetome in hippocampal neurons after inhibition of 2 different miRNAs. AAV5 injections into the hippocampus of adult C57BL/6 mice producing either of the following under a synapsin promoter: GFP only (Samples beginning with 'GFP124…' or 'GFP125…'), GFP-miR124sp (Samples beginning with 'miR124…'), GFP-miR125sp (Samples beginning with 'miR125…'), GFP-AGO2-miR292sponge (samples ending with '…292'), GFP-AGO2-miR124sponge (samples ending with '…124'), GFP-AGO2-miR125sponge (samples ending with '…125'). All other samples were sham-injected.
Project description:Transcriptome profiling of rat primary hippocampal neurons when the dyslexia candidate gene DCDC2 is overexpressed using transient transfections.<br><br>Additional processed data files and their associated custom CDF are available on the FTP site for this experiment.
Project description:To understand how cells communicate with each other, it is essential to define the cellular secretome, a collection of proteins including soluble secreted, unconventionally secreted and proteolytically-shed proteins. Quantitative methodologies to decipher the secretome are challenging, due to the requirement of large cell numbers and abundant serum proteins that interfere with the detection of low-abundant cellular secretome proteins. Here, we have use the highe perfomance secretome-protein-enrichment-with-click-sugars method (hiSPECS) for glyco-secretome analysis. We applied this method to investigate differences of hippocampal and cortical murine neurons. Additionally, we have inhibited the Alzheimer related protease BACE1 to identify potential substrates in the secretome of hippocampal neurons.