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Characterization of hormone-producing cell types in the medaka pituitary gland using single-cell RNA-seq

ABSTRACT: Characterization of hormone-producing cell types in the medaka pituitary gland using single-cell RNA-seq

PROVIDER: PRJNA683018 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR13208276_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13208276_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13208277_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13208277_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR13208278_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Characterization of hormone-producing cell types in the medaka pituitary gland using single-cell RNA-seq

Project description:The pituitary is the vertebrate endocrine gland responsible for the production and secretion of several essential peptide hormones. These, in turn, control many aspects of an animal’s physiology and development, including growth, reproduction, homeostasis, metabolism and stress responses. In teleost fish, each hormone is presumably produced by a specific cell type. However, key details on the regulation of, and communication between these cell types are still poorly understood. We have therefore generated gene expression profiles for 2592 and 3804 individual cells from the pituitaries of female and male adult medaka (Oryzias latipes), respectively. Based on expression profile clustering, we define 15 and 16 distinct cell types in the female and male pituitary, respectively, of which nine are involved in the exclusive production of a single peptide hormone. Collectively, our data provide a high-quality reference for studies on pituitary biology and the regulation of hormone production, both in fish and in vertebrates in general.

2021-07-29 | GSE162787 | GEO

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals novel markers of pituitary stem cells and hormone-producing cell-types

Project description:Transcription factors and signaling pathways that regulate stem cells and specialized hormone-producing cells in the pituitary gland have been the subject of intense study and have yielded a mechanistic understanding of pituitary organogenesis and disease. Yet, the regulation of stem cell proliferation and differentiation, the heterogeneity among specialized hormone-producing cells, and the role of non-endocrine cells in the gland remain important, unanswered questions. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) technologies provide new avenues to address these questions. We performed scRNAseq on approximately 13,663 cells pooled from six whole pituitary glands of 7-week-old C57BL/6 male mice. We identified pituitary endocrine and stem cells in silico, as well as other support cell-types such as endothelia, connective tissue, and red and white blood cells. Differential gene expression analyses identify known and novel markers of pituitary endocrine and stem cell populations. We demonstrate the value of scRNAseq by in vivo validation of a novel gonadotrope-enriched marker, Foxp2. We present novel scRNAseq data of in vivo pituitary tissue, including data from agnostic clustering algorithms which suggest the presence of a somatotrope subpopulation enriched in sterol/cholesterol synthesis genes. At the same time, we show that incomplete transcriptome annotation can cause false negatives on some scRNAseq platforms that only generate 3’ transcript end sequences, and use in vivo data to recover reads of the pituitary transcription factor Prop1. Ultimately, scRNAseq technologies represent a significant opportunity to address longstanding questions regarding the development and function of the different populations of the pituitary gland throughout life.

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A time series of the pituitary gland transcriptome during development and sexual maturation in the model fish medaka

Project description:Directing both organismal homeostasis and physiological adaptation, the pituitary is a key endocrine gland in all vertebrates. It communicates the needs of the organism to different organs by secreting hormones into the bloodstream. Here, we have used the model fish medaka (Oryzias latipes) to investigate the developmental dynamics in the pituitary using a comprehensive RNA-seq time series from 31 to 375 days post-fertilization.

2021-09-08 | GSE179598 | GEO

Characterization of hormone-producing cell types in the teleost pituitary gland using single-cell RNA-seq.

Project description:The pituitary is the vertebrate endocrine gland responsible for the production and secretion of several essential peptide hormones. These, in turn, control many aspects of an animal's physiology and development, including growth, reproduction, homeostasis, metabolism, and stress responses. In teleost fish, each hormone is presumably produced by a specific cell type. However, key details on the regulation of, and communication between these cell types remain to be resolved. We have therefore used single-cell sequencing to generate gene expression profiles for 2592 and 3804 individual cells from the pituitaries of female and male adult medaka (Oryzias latipes), respectively. Based on expression profile clustering, we define 15 and 16 distinct cell types in the female and male pituitary, respectively, of which ten are involved in the production of a single peptide hormone. Collectively, our data provide a high-quality reference for studies on pituitary biology and the regulation of hormone production, both in fish and in vertebrates in general.

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Growth Hormone (GH) -secreting Pituitary Adenoma

Project description:We profiled the somatic landscape of 21 growth hormone (GH) -secreting pituitary adenomas using somatic copy-number alteration (SCNA), whole-genome sequencing (WGS), bisulfate sequencing, and transcriptome approaches. See details in Valimaki et al. Genetic and epigenetic characterization of growth hormone (GH) - secreting pituitary tumors. Manuscript in preparation, 2019.

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Gene expression of brains (ventral part of telenchephalon, hypothalamus and pituitary) in wild type and olvl28m13 knockout Medaka fish (Oryzias latipes)

Project description:To examine the transcriptome, we compared the gene expression of brains (ventral part of telenchephalon, hypothalamus and pituitary) between wild type medaka and olvl28m13 knockout medaka.

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Project description:Thyroid hormone (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, T3) sensitively influences the pituitary gland, a source of hormones that control tissues throughout the body. The underlying transcriptional response is believed to hinge crucially on interaction of T3 receptors with enhancers in the genome but it remains unknown how T3 regulates pituitary chromatin and how this regulation adjusts to hypothyroid and hyperthyroid conditions.

2023-04-17 | GSE197703 | GEO

Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of brain region (ventral part of telenchephalon, hypothalamus and pituitary) in medaka [RNA-seq]

Project description:We compared the gene expression of ventral part of telenchephalon, hypothalamus and pituitary using RNA-seq between the two comparison groups, medaka kept under short day and long day.

2019-04-08 | GSE119902 | GEO

Single-Cell Transcriptomics Identifies Pituitary Gland Population Changes in Diet-Induced Obesity

Project description:The obesity incidence is increasing worldwide with the urgent need to identify new therapeutics. Obesity is associated with endocrine alterations, arising from changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary hormone axes, leading to reproductive disorders, altered basal metabolism and stress hormone production. The focus of this study was to determine if diet induced obesity alters pituitary gland plasticity, gene expression and hormone production and secretion. Here we performed single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) on pituitary glands from control (CTRL) and high fat diet (HFD) fed males and looked at cell type population dynamics and gene expression changes between HFD and CTRL for all hormone-producing cell types. Our study revealed diet-induced changes in pituitary gland plasticity and hormone production that may play a role in altered hormone production in obese patients and consequently, dysregulation of pituitary gland homeostasis.

2024-01-24 | GSE240022 | GEO

miR-29a/b1 regulates the pituitary gland luteinizing hormone secretion and affects mouse ovulation

Project description:miR-29a/b1 was reported to be involved in the regulation of reproductive function in female mice, but the underlying molecular mechanisms were not clear. In this study, female mice lacking miR-29a/b1 showed a delay in vaginal opening, irregular estrus cycles, ovulation disorder and infertility. However, the development of egg was normal in mutant mice and the ovulation disorder could be rescued by the superovulation treatment. The plasma level of luteinizing hormone (LH) was significantly lower in the mutant mice. Using iTRAQ coupled with LC-MS/MS, we found that the deficiency of miR-29a/b1 in mice resulted in an abnormal expression of a number of proteins involved in vesicular transport and secretion in the pituitary gland. The miR-29a/b1 targeting gene Dnmt3a and Hdac4 were up-regulated in the pituitary of miR-29a/b1 knockout mice suggesting that these two epigenetic writers may be the upstream causes for these phenotype changes due to miR-29a/b1 deficiency. These findings demonstrated that miR-29a/b1 is indispensable for the function of the reproductive axis through regulating LH secretion in the pituitary gland.

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