Project description:Our aims in this study were: 1) to identify the miRNAs of the bumble bees Bombus terrestris and B. impatiens; 2) to compare the total numbers of miRNAs between both bumble bee species and between them and the honey bee, Apis mellifera; and 3) to test whether the sequences and expression patterns of miRNAs were conserved between species. To investigate each of these aims we used miRNA-seq (deep sequencing of miRNA-enriched libraries) in B. terrestris, and bioinformatics prediction programs to identify miRNAs in both Bombus species. We identified 131 miRNAs in B. terrestris, and 114 in B. impatiens; of these, 17 were new miRNAs that had not previously been sequenced in any species. We found a striking level of difference in the miRNAs present between Bombus and A. mellifera, with 103 miRNAs in A. mellifera not being present in the genomes of the two bumble bees.
Project description:Enabled by recently available genomic resources for bumblebees, nano LC-MS/MS based proteomics was conducted to characterise the queen haemolymph proteome. The resulting mass spectrometry data were also utilised in a proteogenomic capacity to identify proteins missing from official gene sets and to improve gene models and annotation. 97 multiple-peptide supported proteins within queen bumblebee haemolymph were identified including 28 immunity-related proteins with roles in immune recognition, signalling and regulation. In addition 19 proteins with potential immune roles were identified. The haemolymph proteome is particularly rich in metabolism and transport proteins and comprised 18 proteins with unknown function.
Project description:Our aims in this study were: 1) to identify the miRNAs of the bumble bees Bombus terrestris and B. impatiens; 2) to compare the total numbers of miRNAs between both bumble bee species and between them and the honey bee, Apis mellifera; and 3) to test whether the sequences and expression patterns of miRNAs were conserved between species. To investigate each of these aims we used miRNA-seq (deep sequencing of miRNA-enriched libraries) in B. terrestris, and bioinformatics prediction programs to identify miRNAs in both Bombus species. We identified 131 miRNAs in B. terrestris, and 114 in B. impatiens; of these, 17 were new miRNAs that had not previously been sequenced in any species. We found a striking level of difference in the miRNAs present between Bombus and A. mellifera, with 103 miRNAs in A. mellifera not being present in the genomes of the two bumble bees. miRNA profiles of Bombus terrestris at two developmental stages in larvae. This submission represents 'Bombus terrestris' component of study.
Project description:Pesticides pose a potential threat to bee health, especially in combination with other stressors, like parasites. However, pesticide risk assessment tests them in isolation from other stresses. We tested acute oral doses of three pesticides - glyphosate, Amistar and sulfoxaflor - on the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, alongside the gut parasite Crithidia bombi. We found no impact of any pesticide on parasite intensity and no impact of sulfoxaflor or glyphosate on survival or weight change. Amistar caused weight loss and 19-41% mortality. Haemoproteome analysis showed various protein dysregulations. The major pathways dysregulated are those involved in insect defences and immune responses, with Amistar having the strongest impact on these. Our results show that while no response can be seen at a whole organism level, MALDI BeeTyping® can detect effects. Mass spectrometry analysis of bee haemolymph represent a pertinent tool to evaluate the stressor impacts on bee health, even at the individual scale.
Project description:The biological samples analyzed in this study were honey samples from the bumblebee B. terrestris. Commercially available Tripol hives used for pollination consist of three complete bumblebee colonies (Koppert Biological Systems). Four Tripol hives (12 colonies overall) were placed in the Crop Research Institute (Prague-Ruzyne, Czechia) at the time of rapeseed Brassica napus and apple tree flowering. Honey stores were manually collected into 50-mL sterile centrifuge tubes. Honey samples per colony were pooled. These 12 honey samples were analyzed using label-free nano-LC-MS/MS.
In addition, 3 bands excised from 1D-E SDS-PAGE were analyzed using nano-LC-MS/MS. Note that modification for analysis the bands was carbamidomethyl instead of MethylThio.
Combined.txt and used databases are provided.
Project description:Pollinators are of crucial importance for maintaining biodiversity in ecosystems and for agriculture, including the Buff-tailed bumblebee Bombus terrestris. The health decline in these populations is thought to be linked to various abiotic and biotic stressors. In the hope of protecting these populations, deciphering their immune response in stress conditions represent a critical issue. To assess this metric, we analysed the bumblebee hemolymph, as a readout of the immune status. Here, we show in laboratory conditions that bacterial infections with two entomopathogenic strains and a well-recognised inducer of defence reactions in insects, impact the systemic immune response. Analysis of the hemolymph was carried out using a two-stage approach of mass spectrometry that combines MALDI molecular mass fingerprinting (MALDI MFP or MALDI-BeeTyping®) for its effectiveness in assessing the immune status of the bumblebee through a basic “blood” test and LC-ESI-MS/MS to measure the impact of our infectious models on the “haemoproteome”. By carrying out three different types of bacterial infections, we found that the bumblebee reacts in a specific way to bacterial attacks. Indeed, bacteria impact mortality and stimulate an immune response in infected individuals that is visible through changes in the molecular composition of their hemolymph. The characterisation and label-free quantification of proteins involved in specific signalling pathways in bumblebees by LC-ESI-MS/MS revealed differences in the protein expression between the non-experimentally infected and the infected bumblebees. Our results highlights differences in the molecular composition of their hemolymph to distinguish these different infections from non-experimentally infected bumblebees, and an alteration of pathways involved in (i) immunity and defences, (ii) the metabolism of carbohydrates (glycolysis), (iii) oxidative stress and (iv) amino acid biosynthesis. To conclude, we established bioinformatics models based on molecular markers reflecting the health status of these pollinators to enable diagnosis/prognosis at the population level in response to environmental stress.
Project description:Transcriptome-wide analysis of antennal chemoreseptors of bumble bees at different life stages uncovered the core regulatory elements of olfaction