Project description:Nephelium lappaceum (Rambutan), is one of tropical fruit in which - cultivated widely in Indonesia and has good taste and aroma. However, the transcriptomic study of rambutan has limited. In this study, we performed transcriptome assembly using paired-end Illumina technology. The assembled transcriptome was constructed using Trinity and after filtering and removal sequences redundancy produced 36,303 contigs. The contig ranged 201-11,770?bp and N50 has 1327?bp. The contig was annotated with several databases such as SwissProt, TrEMBL, and nr/nt of NCBI databases. The raw reads are deposited in the DDBJ with DRA accession number, DRA007359: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/?term=DRA007359. The assembled contigs of transcriptome are deposited in the DDBJ TSA repository with accession number IADQ01000001-IADQ01036303: ftp://ftp.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/ddbj_database/tsa/IADQ.gz and also can be accessed at http://rujakbase.id.
Project description:Nephelium lappaceum is a popular tropical fruit belonging to the Sapindaceae family. The plant originated in Malaysia and Indonesia and is commonly called rambutan. Because of its refreshing flavor and exotic appearance, rambutan is widely accepted in the World. Due to its significant medicinal properties, the fruit has also been employed in traditional medicine for centuries. The chloroplast genome of rambutan was sequenced, assembled, and annotated in the present study. The chloroplast genome length was 161,356 bp and contained 132 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. It possessed the typical quadripartite circle structure with a large single-copy region (86,009 bp), a small single-copy region (18,153 bp), and two inverted repeat regions (28,597 bp). A total of 35 SSR markers were found in the chloroplast genome of Nephelium lappaceum, of which 33 were monomer, 1 was dimer and 1 was tetramer. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete chloroplast genome sequences of 21 plant species showed that rambutan was closely related to Pometia tomentosa. These results provide a foundation for further phylogenetic and evolutionary studies of the Sapindaceae family.
Project description:The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance have been of serious concern to human health and the management of bacterial infectious diseases. Effective treatment of these diseases requires the development of novel therapeutics, preferably free of side effects. In this regard, natural products are frequently conceived to be potential alternative sources for novel antibacterial compounds. Herein, we have evaluated the antibacterial activity of the epicarp extracts of the Malaysian cultivar of yellow rambutan fruit (Nephelium lappaceum L.) against six pathogens namely, Bacillus subtilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella enterica. Among a series of solvent extracts, fractions of ethyl acetate and acetone have revealed significant activity towards all tested strains. Chemical profiling of these fractions, via HPLC, LC-MS and GC-MS, has generated a library of potentially bioactive compounds. Downstream virtual screening, pharmacological prediction, and receptor-ligand molecular dynamics simulation have eventually unveiled novel potential antibacterial compounds, which can be extracted for medicinal use. We report compounds like catechin, eplerenone and oritin-4-beta-ol to be computationally inhibiting the ATP-binding domain of the chaperone, DnaK of P. aeruginosa and MRSA. Thus, our work follows the objective to propose new antimicrobials capable of perforating the barrier of resistance posed by both the gram positives and the negatives.
Project description:Recent studies reported contradictory results regarding the role of ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6), a small GTPase known to regulate actin cytoskeleton, in dendritic spine development and maintenance. We readdress this question, and found that ARF6 either positively or negatively regulates dendritic spine formation depending on neuronal maturation and activity. ARF6 activation facilitates filopodia to spines transition, increasing the spine formation in developing neurons while it decreases spine density in matured neurons. Consistently, genome-wide microarray analysis revealed that Arf6 activation in developing and matured neurons leads to opposite expression patterns of a subset of genes that are involved in neuronal morphology.
Project description:Purpose: Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an economically important vegetable crop worldwide, and cucumber fruit spine density has an important impact on the commercial value. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism for the fruit spine formation.In this study, the transcriptome analyses of ovaries and pericarps from numerous-spine parent and few-spine parent were conducted to identify the gene regulatory networks involved in the formation and development of numerous fruit spines in cucumber. Methods: Cucumber mRNA profiles of ovaries and pericarps from numerous-spine parent and few-spine parent were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq 4000. Then, clean data (clean reads) were obtained by removing reads containing adapters, reads containing poly-N sequences and low-quality reads from the raw data. Simultaneously, the Q20, Q30 and GC contents of the clean data were calculated. All of the downstream analyses were based on the high-quality clean data. Clean paired-end reads were mapped to the reference genome using TopHat v2.0.12 (Trapnell et al. 2012). Then, the FPKM (fragments per kilobase of transcript sequence per million base pairs sequenced) value of each gene was calculated to estimate gene expression levels (Trapnell et al. 2010). Genes with an adjusted P-value < 0.05 identified by DESeq were assigned as differentially expressed genes(DEGs). Results: We generated 42.96-57.53 million raw reads from each library, and 39.85-54.02 million clean reads were obtained after the removal of low-quality reads and adapter sequences. Among the clean reads, 79.03-80.94% were mapped to the gene database . Based on the KEGG database, pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify significantly enriched metabolic pathways or signal transduction pathways in DEGs. Plant hormone signal transduction was significantly enriched in up-regulated genes in both F_6DBF compared with M_6DBF and F_0DAA compared with M_0DAA. Conclusions: Based on the transcriptome analysis, we excavated possible biological regulatory networks involved in the formation and development of numerous fruit spines in cucumber. This work will promote the exploration of molecular mechanisms that regulate cucumber fruit spine density.