Potential Roles of H2A.Z Ubiquitination
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA738691 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Nucleosome is a highly dynamic macromolecular complex that is assembled and remodeled by the replacement of major histone variant H2A.Z, thereby affecting nucleosome structure and stability.Here we established two cell lines stably overexpressing wild-type H2A.Z and mutant H2A.Z with ubiquitination deficiency to explore the potential effects caused by H2A.Z ubiquitination. Intriguingly, H2A.Z ubiquitination was first revealed to enhance the stability of H2A-H2A.Z heterotypic nucleosomes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) coupled with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-Seq) further revealed that H2A.Z ubiquitination played a crucial role in the transcriptional regulation.
2021-06-30 | GSE178363 | GEO
Project description:The histone variant H2A.Z has been implicated in nucleosome exchange, transcriptional activation and Polycomb repression. However, the relationships among these seemingly disparate functions remain obscure. We mapped H2A.Z genome-wide in mammalian ES cells and neural progenitors. H2A.Z is deposited promiscuously at promoters and enhancers, and correlates strongly with H3K4 methylation. Accordingly, H2A.Z is present at poised promoters with bivalent chromatin and at active promoters with H3K4 methylation, but is absent from stably repressed promoters that are specifically enriched for H3K27 trimethylation. We also characterized post-translational modification states of H2A.Z, including a novel species dually-modified by ubiquitination and acetylation that is enriched at bivalent chromatin. Our findings associate H2A.Z with functionally distinct genomic elements, and suggest that post-translational modifications may reconcile its contrasting locations and roles. Examination of histone variant, histone modifications and transcription machinery in 3 cell types
2012-07-19 | E-GEOD-39237 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The histone variant H2A.Z has been implicated in nucleosome exchange, transcriptional activation and Polycomb repression. However, the relationships among these seemingly disparate functions remain obscure. We mapped H2A.Z genome-wide in mammalian ES cells and neural progenitors. H2A.Z is deposited promiscuously at promoters and enhancers, and correlates strongly with H3K4 methylation. Accordingly, H2A.Z is present at poised promoters with bivalent chromatin and at active promoters with H3K4 methylation, but is absent from stably repressed promoters that are specifically enriched for H3K27 trimethylation. We also characterized post-translational modification states of H2A.Z, including a novel species dually-modified by ubiquitination and acetylation that is enriched at bivalent chromatin. Our findings associate H2A.Z with functionally distinct genomic elements, and suggest that post-translational modifications may reconcile its contrasting locations and roles.
2012-07-20 | GSE39237 | GEO
Project description:Affinity Purification Mass Spectrometry (AP-MS) of Drosophila ovaries expressing an H2A.Z-FlagHA transgene to identify interacting partners of H2A.Z to elucidate potential maternally supplied histone chaperones that deposit H2A.Z on the transcription start site (TSS).
2022-02-15 | PXD029061 | Pride
Project description:The histone variant H2A.Z plays key roles in gene expression, DNA repair, and centromere function. H2A.Z deposition is controlled by SWR-C chromatin remodeling enzymes that catalyze the nucleosomal exchange of canonical H2A with H2A.Z. Here we report that acetylation of histone H3 lysine 56 (H3-K56Ac) alters the substrate specificity of SWR-C, leading to promiscuous dimer exchange where either H2A.Z or H2A can be exchanged from nucleosomes. This result is confirmed in vivo, where genome-wide analysis demonstrates widespread decreases in H2A.Z levels in yeast mutants with hyperacetylated H3K56. Our work also suggests that a conserved SWR-C subunit may function as a M-bM-^@M-^\lockM-bM-^@M-^] that prevents removal of H2A.Z from nucleosomes. Our study identifies a histone modification that regulates a chromatin remodeling reaction and provides insights into how histone variants and nucleosome turnover can be controlled by chromatin regulators. H2A.Z ChIP seq experiments in mutants with constitutive H3K56ac
2013-04-15 | E-GEOD-43935 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Gene regulatory programs in different cell types are largely defined through cell-specific enhancers activity. The histone variant H2A.Z has been shown to play important roles in transcription mainly by controlling proximal promoters, but its effect on enhancer functions remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate by genome-wide approaches that H2A.Z is present at a subset of active enhancers bound by the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). We also determine that H2A.Z does not influence the local nucleosome positioning around ERα-enhancers using ChIP-sequencing at nucleosomal resolution and unsupervised pattern discovery. We further highlight that H2A.Z-enriched enhancers are associated with chromatin accessibility, H3K122ac enrichment and hypomethylated DNA. Moreover, upon estrogen stimulation, the enhancers occupied by H2A.Z produce enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), and recruit RNA polymerase II as well as RAD21, a member of the cohesin complex involved in chromatin interactions between enhancers and promoters. Importantly, their recruitment and eRNAs production are abolished by H2A.Z depletion, thereby revealing a novel functional link between H2A.Z occupancy and enhancer activity. Taken together, our findings suggest that H2A.Z acts as an important player for enhancer functions by establishing and maintaining a chromatin environment required for RNA polymerase II recruitment, eRNAs transcription and enhancer-promoters interactions, all essential attributes of enhancer activity. The MNase ChIP-seqs in this study measure the genome-wide binding landscape of H2A.Z, H3K4me1, H3K27ac and H3K4me3 in MCF-7 cells in the absence or presence of E2. Two biological replicates were done for each ChIP-seq experiment and for each condition, as well as, control input.
2015-08-31 | E-GEOD-57436 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:H2A.Z is a H2A-type histone variant essential for many aspects of cell biology, ranging from gene expression to genome stability. From deuterostomes, H2A.Z evolved into two paralogues, H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2, that differ by only three amino acids and are encoded by different genes (H2AFZ and H2AFV, respectively). Despite the importance of this histone variant in development and cellular homeostasis, very little is known about the individual functions of each paralogue in mammals. Here, we have investigated the distinct roles of the two paralogues in cell cycle regulation and unveiled non-redundant functions for H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2 in cell division. Our findings show that H2A.Z.1 regulates the expression of cell cycle genes such as Myc and Ki-67 and its depletion leads to a G1 arrest and cellular senescence. On the contrary, H2A.Z.2, in a transcription independent manner, is essential for centromere integrity and sister chromatid cohesion regulation, thus playing a key role in chromosome segregation.
2021-07-25 | GSE173113 | GEO
Project description:The incorporation of histone variant H2A.Z, a conserved H2A variant, into nucleosomes creates specialized chromatin domains that regulate DNA-templated processes, including transcription. H2A.Z-containing nucleosomes may poise gene regulatory regions for transcription, but mechanistic details are lacking. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the diverging H2A.Z C-terminus is thought to provide the H2A.Z exclusive functions. To elucidate the roles of this H2A.Z C-terminus genome wide, we made use of derivatives where the C-terminus was replaced with the corresponding region of H2A (ZA protein), or the H2A region plus a transcriptional activating peptide, with the idea of regenerating the H2A.Z-dependent regulation globally. An assessment of the genome-wide distribution of these H2A.Z derivatives shows that the H2A.Z C-terminal region is crucial for both maintaining the occupation level of H2A.Z and the proper positioning of the targeted nucleosomes. Interestingly, the specific contribution on incorporation efficiency vs nucleosome positioning varies enormously, depending on loci analyzed. For the ZA protein, positioning changes most importantly near origins of replication and snoRNA gene promoters, while incorporation is affected on all other sites. Furthermore, the role of H2A.Z in global transcription regulation also depends on its C-terminal region. Remarkably however, the latter mostly involves genes without a H2A.Z nucleosome in the promoter.
2022-08-18 | GSE156492 | GEO
Project description:The histone variant H2A.Z is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to vertebrates. H2A.Z regulates gene expression when localized to promoter region. Recently, we identified two genes encoding H2A.Z, H2A.Z-1 and H2A.Z-2 in vertebrate genome. However, it is not clear that both H2A.Z-1 and H2A.Z-2 were required for the function of H2A.Z in gene regulation. To address this issue, we generated the H2A.Z-1 and H2A.Z-2 double knock out (KO) cells in chicken DT40 cells. The expression pattern of H2A.Z-1 and H2A.Z-2 double KO cells was compared with WT cells to characterize the genes regulated by H2A.Z-1 and H2A.Z-2. We used microarrays to analysis the alternation of gene expression between WT and H2A.Z double KO cells and identify classes of up or down regulated gene by H2A.Z-1 and H2A.Z-2. In H2A.Z-1 and H2A.Z-2 double KO cells, H2A.Z-2 is knocked out constitutively, but H2A.Z-1 conditionally by tetracycline. The expression of H2A.Z-1 transgene is suppressed completely when H2A.Z-1 and H2A.Z-2 double KO cells culture with tetracycline for three days. For this reason, we prepared the total RNA of WT cells and H2A.Z-1and H2A.Z-2 double KO cells treated with tetracycline for three days and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
2015-11-04 | E-GEOD-35430 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Craniofacial disorder Floating-Harbor Syndrome (FHS) is caused by heterozygous truncating mutations in SRCAP, a gene encoding a chromatin remodeler mediating incorporation of histone variant H2A.Z. Here, we demonstrate that FHS-associated mutations result in loss of SRCAP nuclear localization, alter neural crest gene programs in human in vitro models and Xenopus embryos, and cause craniofacial defects. These defects are mediated by one of two H2A.Z subtypes, H2A.Z.2, whose knockdown mimics and whose overexpression rescues the FHS phenotype. Selective rescue by H2A.Z.2 is conferred by one of the three amino acid differences between the H2A.Z subtypes, S38/T38. We further show that H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2 genomic occupancy patterns are qualitatively similar, but quantitatively distinct, and that H2A.Z.2 incorporation at AT-rich enhancers and expression of their associated genes are both sensitized to SRCAP truncations. Altogether, our results illuminate the mechanism underlying a human syndrome and uncover selective functions of H2A.Z subtypes during development.
2019-09-11 | GSE134532 | GEO