Project description:to determine whether hydroxymethyl butyrate alters macrophage polarization bone marrow derived macrophages were treated with HMB alone or in combination with LPS for 48h
Project description:to determine whether hydroxymethyl butyrate alters PDAC response to anti-PD1 therapy, mice bearing PANC02 tumors were treated with anti-PD1 with or without HMB supplementation, gastroc mucsle was isolated from ctrl and HMB groups and analysed by microarray for HMB induced differences in gene expression
Project description:to determine whether hydroxymethyl butyrate alters PDAC response to anti-PD1 therapy, mice bearing PANC02 tumors were treated with anti-PD1 with or without HMB supplementation
Project description:Skeletal muscle aging is a major causative factor for disability and frailty in the elderly. Recent theories about the origins of the progressive impairment of skeletal muscle with aging emphasize a disequilibrium between damage and repair. Macrophages participate in muscle tissue repair first as pro-inflammatory M1 subtype and then as M2 anti-inflammatory subtype. However, information on macrophage presence in skeletal muscle is still sporadic and the effect of aging on different phenotypes remains unknown. In this study, we sought to characterize the polarization status of macrophages human skeletal muscle at different ages. We found that most macrophages in human skeletal muscle are M2, and that this number increased with advancing age. On the contrary, M1 macrophages decline with aging, making the total number of macrophages invariant with older age. Notably, M2 macrophages co-localized with increasing intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) in aging skeletal muscle. The mouse strain BALB/c, intrinsically M2-prone, showed increased IMAT and regenerating myofibers in skeletal muscle, accompanied by elevated expression of adipocyte markers and M2 cytokines. Collectively, we report that polarization of macrophages to the major M2 subtype is associated with IMAT, and propose that increased M2 in aged skeletal muscle may reflect active repair of aging-associated muscle damage.
Project description:Macrophages are innate immune cells characterized by their plasticity and their ability to react to various environmental stimuli. These cells are involved in a multiple number of tissular functions in homeostasis and pathological contexts. According to their environment these cells could be polarized toward different states of activation which determine their functional orientation. A large part of the macrophage biology field is devoted to better define what polarizations are, from a molecular point of view. It is now accepted that a multidimensional model of polarization is needed to grasp the broad phenotype repertoire depending on various environmental signals. Oxygen tension is one of these tissular environmental parameters. We designed this study to obtain a proteomic signature of various polarizations in human monocytes derived macrophages. We also seek to explore how environmental oxygen tension varying from an atmospheric composition (18.6% O2) to a “tissular normoxia” (3% O2) could modify our classification of macrophages’ polarization. We have obtained various polarization specific proteins and oxygen sensors for human macrophages. One example is arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) which is a IL4/IL13 polarization specific proteins up regulated under low oxygen exposure associated to an increase of the phagocytosis rate of apoptotic cells. These results illustrate the necessity to take into account physicochemical parameters like oxygen when macrophage polarization is studied to correctly assess their functions in tissues.