Project description:Bone samples from several vertebrates were collected from the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site, in Snowmass Village, Colorado and processed for proteomics analysis. The specimens come from Pleistocene megafauna, Bison latifrons, dating back to 110 or 120 ka. Proteomics analysis using a simplified sample preparation procedure and tandem mass spectrometry (MS) was applied to obtain protein identifications. Several bioinformatics resources were used to obtain peptide identifications based on sequence homology to extant species with annotated genomes. With the exception of soil sample controls, all samples resulted in confident peptide identifications that mapped to collagen I. In addition, we analyzed a specimen from the extinct Bison latifrons that yielded peptide identifications mapping to over 33 bovine proteins. Our analysis resulted in extensive fibrillar collagen sequence coverage, including the identification of post-translational modifications. Hydroxylysine glucosylgalactosylation, a modification thought to be involved in collagen fiber formation and bone mineralization, was identified. Meta-analyses of data from other studies indicates that this modification may be enriched in well-preserved prehistoric samples. Additional peptide sequences from extracellular matrix (ECM) and non-ECM proteins have also been identified. These data provide a framework for analyzing ancient protein signatures in well-preserved fossil specimens, while also contributing novel insights into the molecular basis of organic matter preservation.

2015-07-17 | PXD001827 | Pride

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