Proteomics

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A heterochromatin specific RNA export pathway facilitates piRNA production


ABSTRACT: PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a class of small RNAs that guide transposon silencing in animals, are processed in the cytoplasm from RNA Polymerase II transcripts. How piRNA precursors, which often lack RNA maturation signatures and thereby violate quality control checkpoints, achieve nuclear export is unknown. Here, we uncover a germline-specific RNA export pathway in Drosophila, that escorts piRNA precursors from their heterochromatic origins to nuage, the cytoplasmic piRNA processing centres. This pathway connects canonical nuclear export factors—the RNA helicase UAP56, the NXF cofactor Nxt1/p15, and the exportin Crm1/Xpo1—with Nxf3, a variant of the mRNA exporter Nxf1/Tap. Nxf3 recruitment to nascent piRNA precursors occurs via the heterochromatin protein 1-variant Rhino and CG13741/Bootlegger, a new piRNA pathway factor, thereby making piRNA precursor export independent of RNA processing events. Thus, similar to retroviral hijacking of cellular export factors, piRNA precursor export evolved to bend canonical gene expression rules through bypassing nuclear RNA surveillance mechanisms.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila Melanogaster (fruit Fly)

SUBMITTER: Richard Imre  

LAB HEAD: Julius Fabian Brennecke

PROVIDER: PXD012717 | Pride | 2019-03-29

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Publications


PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) guide transposon silencing in animals. The 22-30 nt piRNAs are processed in the cytoplasm from long non-coding RNAs that often lack RNA processing hallmarks of export-competent transcripts. By studying how these transcripts achieve nuclear export, we uncover an RNA export pathway specific for piRNA precursors in the Drosophila germline. This pathway requires Nxf3-Nxt1, a variant of the hetero-dimeric mRNA export receptor Nxf1-Nxt1. Nxf3 interacts with UAP56, a nucl  ...[more]

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