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Palaeoproteomics of non-avian dinosaur eggshell calcite

ABSTRACT: This is a biomolecular study of the intra-crystalline organic fraction of Late Cretaceous (~80 Ma) sauropod eggshell, which was found to be enriched in endogenous fully racemic amino acids (Glx, Gly, Ala, and Val). However, LC-MS/MS failed to detect any peptide sequences that could be confidently considered endogenous.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Fusion, Q Exactive

ORGANISM(S): Dinosauria

TISSUE(S): Egg

SUBMITTER: Beatrice Demarchi

LAB HEAD: Beatrice Demarchi

PROVIDER: PXD014712 | Pride | 2024-05-25

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Dataset's files

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			Action	DRS
	Aves_Reptilia_cRAP_elastase_100719.fasta	Fasta
	Palto39_Copenhagen.mzxml	Mzxml
	Palto39_Copenhagen.raw	Raw
	Palto39_Copenhagen_peptides.pep.xml	Pepxml
	Palto39_Turin.mzxml	Mzxml

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Ancient proteins resolve controversy over the identity of Genyornis eggshell

Project description:Here we show the potential of proteins preserved in Pleistocene eggshell for addressing a longstanding controversy in human and evolution: the identity of the extinct bird that laid the eggs which were exploited by Australia’s first inhabitants. The eggs had been originally attributed to the iconic extinct flightless Genyornis newtoni, and subsequently dated to before 50 ±5 ka by Miller et al. (2016). This was taken to represent the extinction date for this endemic megafaunal species and thus implied a role of humans in its demise. A contrasting hypothesis, according to which the eggshell was laid by a large megapode (mound-builder), would therefore acquit humans of their responsibility in the extinction of Genyornis. Ancient protein sequences were reconstructed and used to assess the evolutionary proximity of the undetermined eggshell to extant birds, rejecting the megapode hypothesis. Ancient DNA could not be retrieved from these highly degraded samples, but morphometric data supported the attribution of the eggshell to Genyornis. When used in triangulation to address well-defined hypotheses, palaeoproteomics is a precious tool for reconstructing the evolutionary history of extinct and extant species. Here we show that the identification of Genyornis eggshell implies a more nuanced understanding of the modes of interactions between humans and their environment.

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Ostrich eggshell peptides survival into the Miocene (6-9 Ma)

Project description:The oldest authenticated peptide sequences to date were reported in 2016 from 3.8 Ma old ostrich eggshell (OES) from the site of Laetoli, Tanzania (Demarchi et al., 2016). Here we demonstrate survival of the same sequences in 6.5-9Ma OES recovered from a palaeosteppe setting in northwestern China. The eggshell is thicker than those observed in extant species and consistent with the Liushu Struthio sp. ootaxon. These findings push the preservation of ancient proteins back to the Miocene and highlight their potential for paleontology, paleoecology and evolutionary biology.

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