Identification of SjEV proteins between male and female schistosomes
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive
ORGANISM(S): Schistosoma Japonicum (blood Fluke)
SUBMITTER: 
Guofeng Cheng
LAB HEAD: Guofeng Cheng
PROVIDER: PXD018889 | Pride | 2020-08-19
REPOSITORIES: Pride
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Project description:Schistosomes infect more than 200 million of the world's poorest people. These parasites live in the vasculature, producing eggs that spur a variety of chronic, potentially life-threatening, pathologies exacerbated by the long lifespan of schistosomes, that can thrive in the host for decades. How schistosomes maintain their longevity in this immunologically hostile environment is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that somatic stem cells in Schistosoma mansoni are biased towards generating a population of cells expressing factors associated exclusively with the schistosome host-parasite interface, a structure called the tegument. We show cells expressing these tegumental factors are short-lived and rapidly turned over. We suggest that stem cell-driven renewal of this tegumental lineage represents an important strategy for parasite survival in the context of the host vasculature.
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Project description:We present a comparative analysis of sex-specific tegument proteins of paired or virgin Schistosoma mansoni. By apply a new and highly sensitive workflow, detection of even low abundance proteins from the worm was achieved Therefore, a streptavidin-biotin affinity purification technique in combination with single pot solid-phase enhanced sample preparation was established for subsequent LC-MS/MS analysis. We were able to identify 1519 tegument proteins for male and female as to virgin and paired worms. Sex-specific proteins were screened, present in both virgin and paired adult schistosomes to reduce the impact of mating. Bioinformatic analysis revealed an involvement of female-specific tegument proteins in signaling pathways of cellular processes and antioxidant mechanisms. Male-specific proteins were found to be enriched in processes linked to phosphorylation and signal transduction. This suggests a task sharing between the sexes that might be necessary for survival in the host. Our datasets provide a basis for further studies to understand and ultimately decipher the strategies of the two worm sexes to evade the immune system.
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Project description:Revealing the reproductive mechanism of schistosomes will help to control this disease. In this study, the proteomic profiles of single-sex infected female (SF) worms and bisexual infected mature female (MF) worms of Schistosoma japonicum at 18, 21, 23 and 25 days post infection (dpi) were identified with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation-coupled liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were subsequently used for bioinformatic analysis.
2024-01-26 | PXD030834 | Pride
Project description:Study description:This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/ Schistosomes are blood dwelling digenean trematodes that mature as adults in the intestinal or urinary veins, predominantly of mammals. Adult female Schistosomes produce eggs of which approximately 40% fail to pass into faeces or urine (species-dependent) but are dispersed by the blood stream into different organs where they provoke severe inflammation. This parasitic infection is known as schistosomiasis and considered by the WHO as the second most socioeconomically devastating parasitic disease, next only to malaria, with hundreds of millions infected worldwide. As the eggs represent the causative pathogenic agents, the understanding of egg forming processes, and therefore of the schistosomal reproductive biology in general, is of fundamental interest. Additionally the differences between immature (pre-mating) and mature (post-mating) adult worms are of significant interest; adults only reach maturity upon mating. Trasncriptomic sequencing of gonad-specific cellular material will help to unravel signal transduction cascades involved in e.g. gametogenesis and/or vitellogenesis. This project aims to characterize the transcriptome profiles of immature and mature adult ovaries and adult testes.
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Project description:The body’s defense against schistosome infection can take many forms. For example, upon developing acute schistosomiasis, patients often have fever coinciding with larval maturation, migration and early oviposition. As the infection becomes established, the parasite comes under oxidative stress generated by the host immune system. The most common treatment for schistosomiasis is the anti-helmenthic drug praziquantel. Its effectiveness, however, is limited due to its inability to kill schistosomes 2 - 4 weeks post-infection. Clearly there is a need for new anti-schistosomal drugs. We hypothesize that gene products expressed as part of a protective response against heat and/or oxidative stress are potential therapeutic targets for future drug development. Using a 12,166 element oligonucleotide microarray to characterize Schistosoma mansoni genes induced by heat and oxidative stress we found that 1,878 Schistosoma mansoni elements were significantly induced by heat stress. These included previously reported heat-shock genes expressing homologs of HSP40, HSP70 and HSP86. One thousand and one elements were induced by oxidative stress including those expressing homologs of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Seventy-two elements were common to both stressors that could potentially be exploited in the development of novel anti-schistosomal therapeutics. Keywords: Stress response, time course Eight samples performed in duplicate for each temperature and oxidative stresses at time points 0, 30, 60, and 240 min over a common reference sample for each stress
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Project description:INTRODUCTION:This study aimed to assess the association between current smoking and gender identity among transgender individuals. METHODS:Data were collected using a cross-sectional survey distributed among transgender individuals attending the Houston Pride Festival and those seeking care at a local transgender health clinic. Relevant variables were compared between female-to-male (FTM) and male-to-female (MTF) transgender individuals using ?2, Fisher's exact, and two-sample t-tests, when appropriate. Gender identity was used to predict current smoking status using logistic regression, adjusting for other sociodemographic determinants. RESULTS:The study sample (N=132) comprised 72 MTF (54.5%) and 60 FTM (45.5%) transgender individuals. Mean age of participants was 31.8 years. The sample was racially and ethnically diverse: 45.8% Caucasian, 25.2% Hispanic/Latino, 16.8% African American, and 12.2% other. Current smoking prevalence was 26.7% and 13.9% among FTM and MTF individuals, respectively. Transgender individuals were more likely to self-report current smoking if they were FTM (OR=3.76; 95% CI: 1.17-12.06; p=0.026) or were insured (OR=4.49; 95% CI: 1.53-13.18; p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS:This study reports on important findings by examining intragroup differences in smoking behavior among the transgender population. However, further research is needed for tailoring smoking prevention and cessation interventions for transgender subgroups.
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Project description:This article examines the association between neighborhood characteristics at the census tract-level, couples' perceived neighborhood social cohesion and informal social control, and male-to-female (MFPV) and female-to-male (FMPV) partner violence in the United States. Data come from a second wave of interviews (2000) with a national sample of couples 18 years of age and older who were first interviewed in 1995. The path analysis shows that poverty is associated with perceived social cohesion and perceived social control as hypothesized. However, there is no significant mediation effect for social control or social cohesion on any type of violence. In the path analysis, Black ethnicity is associated with social cohesion, which is associated with MFPV. Intimate partner violence (IPV), as a form of domestic violence, may not be as concentrated in high-poverty neighborhoods as criminal violence. IPV may be more determined by personal and dyadic characteristics than criminal violence.
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