Genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying flower induction in apple
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ABSTRACT: The proteomic profiling of apple spur buds aimed to reveal the proteomic differences between the trees with (ON) and without (OFF) crop load.
Project description:The RNA-sequencing analysis aimed to reveal the differences in gene expression in apple spur buds between the trees with (ON) and without (OFF) crop load.
Project description:Closed terminal buds of apple trees (Malus x domestica Borkh, Royal Gala and Castel Gala varieties) grown in commercial orchards were harvested during autumn and winter and exposed to cold treatments 18 biological samples, consisting of 9 pairs of replicates, were analysed in dye-swap. Samples are whole closed terminal buds. Biological replicates are buds from 2 different harvest year subjected to similar cold treatments. Samples with contrasting dormancy status in the same harvest year were compared in 8 dye-swap. Most samples were hybridized more than once in different combinations
Project description:Effect of the presence of fruits on the expression of genes possibly involved in floral induction in the terminal meristem of spur bourse shoot. Investigation on mecanisms involved in Biennial Bearing in mature apple trees cultivar Royal Gala.
Project description:Closed terminal buds of apple trees (Malus x domestica Borkh, Royal Gala and Castel Gala varieties) grown in commercial orchards were harvested during autumn and winter and exposed to cold treatments
Project description:Effect of the presence of fruits on the expression of genes possibly involved in floral induction in the terminal meristem of spur bourse shoot. Investigation on mecanisms involved in Biennial Bearing in mature apple trees cultivar Royal Gala. Two-condition experiment : 'ON' trees (unthinned control) & 'OFF' trees (deflowered) for comparison. Three comparisons at sampling dates : 28, 48 and 119 days after full bloom (DAFB). Two dye switch biological replicates for each treatment and sampling date.
Project description:We performed Illumina sequencing of sRNA libraries prepared from juvenile and reproductive phase buds from the apple trees. A large number of sRNAs exemplified by 33 previously annotated miRNAs and 6 novel members displayed significant differential expression (DE) patterns in juvenile and reproductive stages. The study provides new insight into our understanding of fundamental mechanism of poorly studied phase transitions in apple and other woody plants and important resource for future in-depth research in the apple development.
Project description:Winter dormancy is an adaptative mechanism that temperate and boreal trees have developed to protect their meristems against low temperatures. In apple trees (Malus domestica), cold temperatures induce bud dormancy at the end of summer/beginning of the fall. Apple buds stay dormant during winter until they are exposed to a period of cold, after which they can resume growth (budbreak) and initiate flowering in response to warm temperatures in spring. It is well-known that small RNAs modulate temperature responses in many plant species, but however, how small RNAs are involved in genetic networks of temperature-mediated dormancy control in fruit tree species remains unclear. Here, we have made use of a recently developed ARGONAUTE (AGO)-purification technique to isolate small RNAs from apple buds. A small RNA-seq experiment resulted in the identification of small RNAs that change their pattern of expression in apple buds during dormancy.
Project description:The purpose of this project is to examine the effects of rootstocks on the gene expression patterns in scions of apple trees. Gene expression patterns were examined in the Gala variety grafted onto seven different, commonly used rootstocks. These trees were grown in the greenhouse to limit environmental effects. Also, gene expression profiles were examined in three different varieties (Ambrosia, Melrose,and Gala) grafted onto B.9 rootstocks grown in the field. Each sample is a pool of RNA from two different trees. RNA samples were isolated from 0.5 g of actively growing shoot tips, including leaf and stem tissues.
Project description:48 apple trees from a segregating F1 population from a cross of 'Ottawa 3' x 'Robusta 5' were analyzed by microarray to identify gene expression differences between the individuals to correlate gene expression patterns with phenotypic traits segregating in the population 48 individual apple trees were assayed once each using RNA isolated from a single shoot tip from each tree. There were no biological or technical replicates in the experiment. There was no control sample, since all 48 were compared to each other.