Dataset Information

Microscopic and biochemical monitoring of endosomal trafficking and extracellular vesicle secretion in an endogenous in vivo model

ABSTRACT: Extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion enables cell-cell communication in multicellular organisms. During development, EV secretion and the specific loading of signaling factors in EVs contributes to organ development and tissue differentiation. Here, we present an in vivo model to study EV secretion using the fat body and the hemolymph of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. The system makes use of tissue-specific EV labelling and is amenable to genetic modification by RNAi. This allows the unique combination of microscopic visualization of EVs in different organs and quantitative biochemical purification to study how EVs are generated within the cells and which factors regulate their secretion in vivo. Characterization of the system revealed that secretion of EVs from the fat body is mainly regulated by Rab11 and Rab35, highlighting the importance of recycling Rab GTPase family members for EV secretion. We furthermore discovered a so far unknown function of Rab14 along with the kinesin Klp98A in EV trafficking and secretion.

INSTRUMENT(S): TripleTOF 5600

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila Melanogaster (fruit Fly)

SUBMITTER: Christof Lenz

LAB HEAD: Chridstof Lenz

PROVIDER: PXD027290 | Pride | 2022-10-14

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Dataset's files

Source:

			Action	DRS
	20200217_UP_DROME_Reference_iRT_cRAP_mCherry.fasta	Fasta
	20210707_J_Gross_Library_all.kit	Other
	20210713_131331_J_Gross_130721_ReprocessForThree.sne	Other
	20210713_Results_Perseus_ForThree_All.xlsx	Xlsx
	J_Gross_081216_130217_IDA_WT_Input_01.wiff	Wiff

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Publications

Microscopic and biochemical monitoring of endosomal trafficking and extracellular vesicle secretion in an endogenous in vivo model.

Linnemannstöns Karen K Karuna M Pradhipa P Witte Leonie L Choezom Dolma D Honemann-Capito Mona M Lagurin Alex Simon AS Schmidt Chantal Vanessa CV Shrikhande Shreya S Steinmetz Lara-Kristin LK Wiebke Möbius M Lenz Christof C Gross Julia Christina JC

Journal of extracellular vesicles 20220901 9

Extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion enables cell-cell communication in multicellular organisms. During development, EV secretion and the specific loading of signalling factors in EVs contributes to organ development and tissue differentiation. Here, we present an in vivo model to study EV secretion using the fat body and the haemolymph of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. The system makes use of tissue-specific EV labelling and is amenable to genetic modification by RNAi. This allows the ...[more]

PMID: 36103151

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Project description:After reporting that mice with inducible CM-specific Wnt activation (β-catΔex3) mimic pathological remodelling condition and heart failure, we further explored the cardiac-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs analysis in vivo are challenging, therefore we used a genetic model to analyze the extracellular compartment as well as the cell composition in vivo, which provided advantageous by focusing only on the relative changes between control and transgenic cells. With an improved protocol we isolated EVs from CT and β-catΔex3 hearts. The fraction containing small EVs was confirmed by electron microscopy and nanoparticle-tracking-analysis and further characterized with EV, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi markers as well as mass spectrometry analysis. This analysis confirmed the cardiac origin of EVs and showed 47% proteins included in Exocarta Top100 candidate with a major exosome (Exo) representation. By proteomic analysis, 391 significantly differentially enriched proteins in β-catΔex3 hearts were identified, which were significantly loaded with all seven α and β chains of the constitute 20S proteasome, molecular chaperones and co-chaperones as well as proteasome associated proteins previously described in Exo (HSPA70, HSP90AB1, CRYAB, PKACA and BAG2). CRYAB, a cardiac chaperone protein that triages misfolded proteins for proteasomal degradation or repair, was confirmed to co-localize with labelled Exo in vitro. We performed single whole cell transcriptome, followed by pairwise comparison of differential expressed gene analysis (DEG) and their functional enrichment between β-catΔex3 and CT cell clusters. This revealed that different cardiomyocytes and endothelial cell subpopulations of β-catΔex3 CM were significantly active transcriptional activity of EVs secretion and protein quality control pathways. This finding was confirmed in cardiomyocytes populations of old mice subjected to experimental pressure overload to induce hypertrophy at early and late stages of remodeling, including an acute early upregulation of exosome biogenesis processes and chaperons transcripts including CRYAB at early stages. In order to model this molecular mechanism in human cells, human induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes were subjected to pharmacological Wnt activation, which recapitulated the increased cell cycle activation as well as exosomal markers in vitro. Our results indicate a contribution of Exo-mediated maintenance of cardiomyocytes proteostasis upon pathological remodeling. Upon stress, CRYAB and co-chaperones increase binding to damaged-sarcomeric-proteins heading towards degradation, which overload the intracellular proteasomal capacity. This may activate EV-mediated cellular extrusion of misfolded proteins as a mechanism of cellular protection. Cardiac extracellular proteosome may serve as read-out of disease progression and for monitoring cellular remodeling in vivo.

Project description:Introduction: Cell-derived extracellular vesicles ([EVs], i.e., exosomes and microparticles) have been reported to mediate the cardioprotective effects of stem cells. However, a head-to-head comparison of their effects with those of the cells from which they derive has not been reported. Hypothesis: The effects of the EV content of human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived cardiac progenitors may be equivalent to those of the parent cells. Methods: Two series of immunodeficient (nude) mice underwent permanent coronary artery ligation. Three weeks later, those with an echocardiographically-determined LV ejection fraction â¤ 50% were randomly allocated to receive transcutaneous echo-guided peri-infarct injections of alpha-MEM media (controls), hESC-derived SSEA-1+ cardiac progenitors (500000 cells in 30 Î¼L), or total EV secreted by those 500000 cells in 48 hours in an equivalent volume. The second series also included sham-operated animals for which the needle was inserted into the myocardium in three places without injection. EVs were collected from the cell-secreted medium by ultracentrifugation and characterized by flow cytometry, and nanosight NTS. Outcomes were assessed after 6 weeks by echocardiography, taking LV end-systolic volume (ESV) as the primary end point. Hearts were processed for the assessment of fibrosis and angiogenesis. Total RNA was extracted from carefully selected animals for gene expression analysis by Affymetrix chip. Only animals with similar VTS at baseline were used for this analysis. All data were collected and analyzed blindly. Results: Cardiac progenitors were successfully generated by exposure of the pluripotent ESC to bone morphogenetic protein-2, purified by anti-CD15 immunomagnetic sorting and then cultured on vitronectin for 48 hours, after which cells or EVs derived from the same cell batch were injected. After 6 weeks in the first series, LVESV [mÂ±SEM] in controls did not significantly differ from the pre-injection value (difference: -2.64 Â± 1.54 ÂµL, p=0.12, n= 12). Conversely, in the cell-treated group, LVESV significantly decreased by -4.20 Â± 0.96 ÂµL (p=0.0007, n=16). A similar decrease was seen in the EV-treated group: -5.73 Â± 1.21 ÂµL (p=0.0003, n=15). Similar patterns were seen for LV end-diastolic volumes: controls (-2.46 Â± 1.19 ÂµL, p=NS), cells (-4.48 Â± 1.47 ÂµL, p=0.009), EV (-4.29 Â± 1.31 ÂµL, p=0.005). For the second series, the VTD of cell- and EV-treated animals remained stable (cell: -1.85 Â± 3.27 ÂµL, p=NS, n= 4; EV: +0.05 Â± 1.53 ÂµL, p=NS, n = 4), whereas sham- and control-treated animals deteriorated significantly (sham: +2.20 Â± 0.35 ÂµL, p = 0.003, n = 5; control: +3.27 Â± 0.87 ÂµL, p = 0.03, n = 4). The trend held for VTS, though differences were not significant. Analysis of gene expression data revealed interesting pathways that were more highly expressed in cell- and EV-treated animals than in controls and sham-operated animals. Conclusions: These data support the hypothesis that EVs may be critical mediators of the paracrine effects of cell therapy, and for the sake of streamlining translational processes, deserve to be considered as potential alternatives to stem cell transplantation. Gene expression levels were compared between mouse hearts.