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Dnj4HA AP-MS in Cryptococcus neoformans

ABSTRACT: Proteins which act as histone chaperones ensure genomic integrity during routine processes such as DNA replication and transcription as well as DNA repair upon damage. Herein, we identify a nuclear J domain protein, Dnj4, which interacts with histones 3 and 4 as well as Hsp71 as demonstrated in an AP-MS experiment suggesting that it integrates the heat shock chaperone machinery into histone chaperoning. In support of this, a deletion mutant lacking DNJ4 had higher levels of DNA damage than the wild type or complemented strains and was hypersensitive to DNA damaging agents. The transcriptional response to DNA damage in a mutant lacking DNJ4 was impaired. Genes related to DNA damage and iron homeostasis functions were up-regulated in the wild type strain in response to hydroxyurea treatment, however their up-regulation was either absent or reduced in a dnj4∆ mutant. Accordingly, excess iron rescued the mutant’s growth in response to hydroxyurea treatment. Iron homeostasis is crucial for virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans, however Dnj4 was found to be dispensable for virulence in a mouse model of cryptococcosis. Finally, we confirmed a conserved role of Dnj4 in histone chaperoning by expressing it in S. cerevisiae and showing that it disrupted endogenous histone chaperoning. Altogether, this study highlights the importance of a JDP co-chaperone in histone chaperoning in C. neoformans.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF

ORGANISM(S): Cryptococcus Neoformans Var. Grubii Serotype A (strain H99 / Atcc 208821 / Cbs 10515 / Fgsc 9487) (filobasidiella Neoformans Var. Grubii)

SUBMITTER: Linda Horianopoulos

LAB HEAD: James W. Kronstad

PROVIDER: PXD028087 | Pride | 2021-12-15

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:PD-L1 Inhibitor Regulates the miR-33a-5p/PTEN Signaling Pathway and Can Be Targeted to Sensitize Glioblastomas to Radiation. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal brain tumor in adults. Ionizing radiation (IR) is a standard treatment for GBM patients and results in DNA damage. However, the clinical efficacy of IR is limited due to therapeutic resistance. The programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade has a shown the potential to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy by inhibiting DNA damage and repair responses. The miR-33a-5p is an essential microRNA that promotes GBM growth and self-renewal. In this study, we investigated whether a PD-L1 inhibitor (a small molecule inhibitor) exerted radio-sensitive effects to impart an anti-tumor function in GBM cells by modulating miR-33a-5p. U87 MG cells and U251 cells were pretreated with PD-L1 inhibitor. The PD-L1 inhibitor-induced radio-sensitivity in these cells was assessed by assaying cellular apoptosis, clonogenic survival assays, and migration. TargetScan and luciferase assay showed that miR-33a-5p targeted the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) 3' untranslated region. The expression level of PTEN was measured by western blotting, and was also silenced using small interfering RNAs. The levels of DNA damage following radiation was measured by the presence of γ-H2AX foci, cell cycle, and the mRNA of the DNA damage-related genes, BRCA1, NBS1, RAD50, and MRE11. Our results demonstrated that the PD-L1 inhibitor significantly decreased the expression of the target gene, miR-33a-5p. In addition, pretreatment of U87 MG and U251 cells with the PD-L1 inhibitor increased radio-sensitivity, as indicated by increased apoptosis, while decreased survival and migration of GBM cells. Mir-33a-5p overexpression or silencing PTEN in U87 MG and U251 cells significantly attenuated PD-L1 radiosensitive effect. Additionally, PD-L1 inhibitor treatment suppressed the expression of the DNA damage response-related genes, BRCA1, NBS1, RAD50, and MRE11. Our results demonstrated a novel role for the PD-L1 inhibitor in inducing radio- sensitivity in GBM cells, where inhibiting miR-33a-5p, leading to PTEN activated, and inducing DNA damage was crucial for antitumor immunotherapies to treat GBM.

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Dnj4HA AP-MS in Cryptococcus neoformans

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