Lung Adenocarcinoma (A549) Immunopeptidomics
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF
ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)
TISSUE(S): Lung, Epithelial Cell
DISEASE(S): Lung Adenocarcinoma
SUBMITTER: 
Aaron Javitt
LAB HEAD: Yifat Merbl
PROVIDER: PXD028364 | Pride | 2023-03-30
REPOSITORIES: Pride
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Project description:Alterations in cellular antigen processing and presenting machinery has gained increased interest as a hallmark of cancer-related inflammation. Growing evidence suggest that proteasome composition and immunoproteasome expression can influence antigen processing. By performing immunopeptidomics on A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell line following depletion of proteasome regulator PSME4 we identified alterations in the antigenic landscape resulting from changes in proteasome processing.
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Project description:Alterations in cellular antigen processing and presenting machinery has gained increased interest as a hallmark of cancer-related inflammation. Growing evidence suggest that proteasome composition and immunoproteasome expression can influence the efficacy of cancer therapies. By applying proteasome foot-printing to clinical samples of Non Small Cell lung Cancer (NSCLC), we found tumor specific alterations in degradation products and increased expression of the proteasome regulator, PA200. We show that increased levels of PA200 alter the cleavage specificities of proteasomal-cleaved peptides and reduce antigenicity. We found that smoking-induced expression of PA200 abrogated immunoproteasome activity and is associated with poor survival. As immunotherapy is becoming a common treatment of NSCLC, we hypothesized that PA200 expression may contribute to resistance mechanism to immunotherapy. Consistent with this possibility, we found that the ratio between PA200 and the immunoproteasome subunit PSMB10, and not their absolute levels, were significantly associated with poor response to Durvalamab. Induced reduction in PA200 in vivo was associated with increased immune infiltration and attenuated tumor growth.
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Project description:Disruption in proteostasis is a hallmark of cancer, with aberrations in proteasome-mediated degradation highly implicated in this malignancy. Proteasomes further bear critical importance in tumor immunogenicity by regulating inflammatory signaling, promoting immune cell activation and playing a crucial role in antigen processing and presentation. Indeed, response to immunotherapy in melanoma patients has been recently linked to increased expression of immunoproteasomes, a specialized form of proteasomes that are upregulated under inflammatory conditions. Yet, the percentage of patients that respond to therapy remains low, and the underlying mechanisms driving resistance remain poorly understood. Further, comprehensive analysis of the role proteasomes play in the pathophysiology of cancer and as a modulator of anti-tumor immunity is remains lacking. Here, we show that proteasome complex composition varies across cancer types and can be used to stratify patient response to immunotherapy. Specifically, we found that the proteasome regulator PSME4 is upregulated in NSCLC and associated with poor prognosis. We show that PSME4 alters proteasome activity and antigen processing attenuating the antigenic diversity and presentation. Through exacting biochemical assays, proteasome profiling of patient-derived NSCLC samples, combined with scRNA-seq, immunopeptidomics and in vivo analyses we uncovered a novel mechanism of immune evasion mediated by PSME4, which promotes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and abrogates anti-tumor immunity. Collectively, our approach may be adapted to other cancer types and pathological settings and affords a novel paradigm by which proteasome composition heterogeneity should be examined and targeted in the context of precision oncology.
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Project description:T cell recognition of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-presented tumor-associated peptides is central for cancer immune surveillance. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based immunopeptidomics represents the only unbiased method for directly identifying and characterizing naturally presented tumor-associated peptides, which represent a key prerequisite for the development of T cell-based immunotherapies. This study reports on the de novo implementation of ion mobility separation-based timsTOF MS for next-generation immunopeptidomics, enabling high-speed and sensitive detection of HLA peptides. A direct comparison of timsTOF-based with state-of-the-art immunopeptidomics using orbitrap technology showed significantly increased HLA peptide identifications from benign and malignant primary samples of solid tissue and hematological origin. First application of timsTOF immunopeptidomics for tumor antigen discovery enabled (i) the expansion of benign reference immunopeptidome databases with more than 150,000 HLA peptides from 94 primary benign tissue samples, (ii) the refinement of previously described tumor antigens, and (iii) the identification of a vast array of novel tumor antigens comprising low abundant neoepitopes that might serve as targets for future cancer immunotherapy development.
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Project description:Predicting the outcome of immunotherapy treatment in melanoma patients is challenging. Alterations in genes involved in antigen presentation and the interferon gamma (IFN) pathway play an important role in the immune response to tumors. We describe here that the overexpression of PSMB8 and PSMB9, two components of the immunoproteasome, is predictive of better survival and improved response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors of melanoma patients. We study the mechanism that underlies this connection by analyzing the antigenic peptide repertoire of cells that overexpress these subunits using HLA peptidomics. We find a higher response of patient-matched tumor infiltrating lymphocytes against antigens deferentially presented after immunoproteasome overexpression. which may explain the higher immune infiltration observed in patients with high immunoproteasome expression levels. Importantly, we find that PSMB8 and PSMB9 expression levels are much stronger predictors of melanoma patients immune response to checkpoint inhibitors than the tumors mutational burden. Taken together, these results suggest that their expression levels can serve as important biomarkers for stratifying melanoma patients for immune-checkpoint treatment.
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Project description:One of the primary mechanisms of tumor cell immune evasion is the loss of antigenicity, which arises due to lack of immunogenic tumor antigens as well as dysregulation of the antigen processing machinery. In a screen for small-molecule compounds from herbal medicine thatpotetiate T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, we identified atractylenolide I (ATT-I) that significantly promotes tumor antigen presentation of both human and mouse colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and thereby enhances the cytotoxic response of CD8+ T cells. Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) with multiplexed quantitative mass spectrometry identified the proteasome 26S subunit non-ATPase 4 (PSMD4), an essential component of the immunoproteasome complex,as a primary target protein of ATT-I. Binding of ATT-I with PSMD4 augments the antigenprocessing activity of immunoproteasome, leading to enhanced major histocompatibility class I(MHC-I)-mediated antigen presentation on cancer cells. In syngeneic mouse CRC models and human patient-derived CRC organoid models, ATT-I treatment promotes the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells and thus profoundly enhances the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Collectively, we show here that targeting the function of immunoproteasome with ATT-I promotes tumor antigen presentation, empowers T-cell cytotoxicity, and thus elevates the tumorresponse to immunotherapy.
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Project description:We employed PeptiCHIP Immunopeptidomics to profile tumor associated antigens (TAA) actively targeted by tumor specific T cells by exploiting the trogocytosis effect, whereby antigen presenting cells (APCs) nibble portions of the cognate T cell containing the TCR. The antigen presenting cells were then processed by Immunoaffinity purification by peptiCHIP to identify the relevant HLA-I peptides by LCMS on the Bruker Tims TOF Pro instrument.
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Project description:Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne intracellular bacterial model pathogen. Protective immunity against Listeria depends on an effective CD8 T-cell responses, but very few T cell epitopes are known in mice as most common animal infection model for listeriosis. To identify epitopes we screened for Listeria epitopes presented in the spleen of infected mice by mass spectrometry-based immunopeptidomics. In between more than 6,000 mouse self-peptides presented on MHC Class I molecules, we detected 26 Listeria peptides from 25 different bacterial proteins, including previously reported antigens. Bacterial immunopeptides with confirmed fragmentation spectra were further tested for their potential to CD8 T cells, revealing VTYNYINI from the putative cell wall surface anchor family protein LMON_0576 as a novel bona fide peptide epitope. Despite its high biological potency in a prime boost model, this epitope did not protect against challenge infection but can be used as a research tool to probe CD8 T cell responses in mouse models of Listeria infection. Our results demonstrate the power of immunopeptidomics for bacterial antigen identification but highlight the need for in-depth immune characterization for vaccine candidate selection.
2024-08-13 | PXD047750 | Pride
Project description:Proteasomes hydrolyze most intracellular proteins. Immunoproteasome is a specific form of proteasome implicated in inflammation, cancer and autoimmune diseases. Modulation of immunoproteasome activity and content is a promising direction for the management of socially important pathologies. Using previously obtained reporter colorectal cancer cell lines, we tested how various commonly used compounds including ibuprofen, acetylsalicylic acid, vitamin C, caffeine and others, affect immunoproteasome expression. Methods: Immunoproteasome subunit expression was assessed by flow cytometry, qPCR and Western blot. Proteasome activity was tested using fluorogenic substrates and the activity probe. Transcriptome analysis was performed to identify patterns of gene expression changes. Results: Among the tested compounds caffeine was the only drug that revealed modest reduction in quantity of immunoproteasomes. The effect of caffeine on immunoproteasomes varied between cell lines and was stronger as a result of prolonged treatment. The reduction of immunoproteasome content in cells treated with caffeine coincided with decreased expression of immunoproteasome subunits and downregulation of Nrf3 transcription factor and a PAC4 proteasome assembly chaperone. Moreover, decreased expression of immunoproteasome subunits in cells treated with caffeine coincided with the reduction of oxidative stress levels. Caffeine did not affect the degradation of immunoproteasomes by autophagy. Conclusions: Modulation of immunoproteasome expression by caffeine might help to optimize existing and develop novel strategies for the treatment of colorectal cancer and several autoimmune diseases.
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