A phylogenetic and proteomic reconstruction of eukaryotic chromatin evolution

ABSTRACT: Histones and associated chromatin proteins have essential functions in eukaryotic genome organization and regulation. Despite this fundamental role in eukaryotic cell biology, we lack a phylogenetically-comprehensive understanding of chromatin evolution. Here, we combine comparative proteomics and genomics analysis of chromatin in eukaryotes and archaea. Proteomics uncovers the existence of histone post-translational modifications in Archaea. However, archaeal histone modifications are scarce, in contrast with the highly conserved and abundant marks we identify across eukaryotes. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that chromatin-associated catalytic functions (e.g., methyltransferases) have pre-eukaryotic origins, whereas histone mark readers and chaperones are eukaryotic innovations. We show that further chromatin evolution is characterized by expansion of readers, including capture by transposable elements and viruses. Overall, our study infers detailed evolutionary history of eukaryotic chromatin: from its archaeal roots, through the emergence of nucleosome-based regulation in the eukaryotic ancestor, to the diversification of chromatin regulators and their hijacking by genomic parasites

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Fusion Lumos

ORGANISM(S): Gefionella Okellyi Guillardia Theta Fabomonas Tropica Thecamonas Trahens Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii Methanobrevibacter Cuticularis Capsaspora Owczarzaki Acanthamoeba Castellanii Bigelowiella Natans Physcomitrella Homo Sapiens (human) Nitrososphaera Viennensis Phytophthora Infestans Corallochytrium Limacisporum Emiliania Huxleyi Methanospirillum Stamsii Naegleria Gruberi Thalassiosira Pseudonana Spizellomyces Punctatus Dictyostelium Discoideum (slime Mold) Sycon Ciliatum

SUBMITTER: Cristina Chiva  

LAB HEAD: Arnau Sebé-Pedrós

PROVIDER: PXD031991 | Pride | 2022-08-12

REPOSITORIES: Pride