Dataset Information

Identification of Small molecule Insulin Sensitizers for the Treatment of Insulin Resistance.

ABSTRACT: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is major cause of mortality and morbidity. The key manifestations of this disease are insulin resistance (IR), hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. Secretion of insulin from the endocrine pancreas is triggered by elevated circulating glucose and acts on skeletal muscle and adipose tissues to remove excess glucose from the blood (1). This is achieved through a series of intracellular events that trigger the translocation of vesicles containing the glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to the surface of skeletal muscle cells and adipocytes (2,3). This process is impaired in patients with IR or T2D and insulin fails to promote GLUT4 translocation, thus resulting in inefficient glucose uptake in storage tissue and hyperglycemia (4). Chronic hyperglycemic condition increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, neuropathy, and death (5). Previously developed insulin sensitizer like thiazolidinediones (TZDs) have proven effective in improving glycemic control, however, they significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease due to their agonist activity at PPAR(6-8). Consequently, identifying insulin sensitizers that restore insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation in diabetic patients without targeting PPAR is urgently needed. The discovery of such molecules has been challenging due to the lack of a GLUT4 translocation assay amenable to high throughput screening (HTS). For this reason, we have developed a new luminescence based HTS assay that allows real time monitoring of GLUT4 translocation in mammalian cells and further adapted the assay to measure GLUT4 translocation in live mice. Using this assay, we identified a new insulin sensitizer which greatly improves insulin-dependent glucose uptake in storage tissues and glucose tolerance in insulin resistant rodents. This new insulin sensitizers acts through interaction with the Unc119 family of proteins which are known to facilitate the transport of specific cargos (9) but had not yet been implicated in insulin action or GLUT4 translocation. This study identifies new PPAR-independent insulin sensitizers with in-vivo efficacy and identify Unc119 proteins as new targets for the treatment of T2D.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Eclipse

ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)

TISSUE(S): Permanent Cell Line Cell

DISEASE(S): Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

SUBMITTER: Jonathan Van Vranken

LAB HEAD: Julien Sebag

PROVIDER: PXD034052 | Pride | 2024-07-03

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Insulin sensitization by small molecules enhancing GLUT4 translocation.

Yin Terry C TC Van Vranken Jonathan G JG Srivastava Dhiraj D Mittal Ayushi A Buscaglia Paul P Moore Autumn E AE Verdinez Jissele A JA Graham Aschleigh E AE Walsh Susan A SA Acevedo Michael A MA Kerns Robert J RJ Artemyev Nikolai O NO Gygi Steven P SP Sebag Julien A JA

Cell chemical biology 20230714 8

Insulin resistance (IR) is the root cause of type II diabetes, yet no safe treatment is available to address it. Using a high throughput compatible assay that measures real-time translocation of the glucose transporter glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), we identified small molecules that potentiate insulin action. In vivo, these insulin sensitizers improve insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation, glucose tolerance, and glucose uptake in a model of IR. Using proteomic and CRISPR-based approaches, we i ...[more]

PMID: 37453421

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Project description:This a model from the article: A molecular mathematical model of glucose mobilization and uptake. Liu W, Hsin C, Tang F. Math Biosci. 2009 Oct;221(2):121-9. 19651146 , Abstract: A new molecular mathematical model is developed by considering the kinetics of GLUT2, GLUT3, and GLUT4, the process of glucose mobilization by glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase in liver, and the dynamics of the insulin signaling pathway. The new model can qualitatively reproduce the experimental glucose and insulin data. It also enables us to use the Bendixson criterion about the existence of periodic orbits of a two-dimensional dynamical system to mathematically predict that the oscillations of glucose and insulin are not caused by liver, instead they would be caused by the mechanism of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Furthermore it enables us to conduct a parametric sensitivity analysis. The analysis shows that both glucose and insulin are most sensitive to the rate constant for conversion of PI(3,4,5)P(3) to PI(4,5)P(2), the multiplicative factor modulating the rate constant for conversion of PI(3,4,5)P(3) to PI(4,5)P(2), the multiplicative factor that modulates insulin receptor dephosphorylation rate, and the maximum velocity of GLUT4. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis predicts that an increase of the apparent velocity of GLUT4, a combination of elevated mobilization rate of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane and an extended duration of GLUT4 on the plasma membrane, will result in a decrease in the needs of plasma insulin. On the other hand, an increase of the GLUT4 internalization rate results in an elevated demand of insulin to stimulate the mobilization of GLUT4 from the intracellular store to the plasma membrane. This model originates from BioModels Database: A Database of Annotated Published Models (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/). It is copyright (c) 2005-2011 The BioModels.net Team. To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to the public domain worldwide. Please refer to CC0 Public Domain Dedication for more information. In summary, you are entitled to use this encoded model in absolutely any manner you deem suitable, verbatim, or with modification, alone or embedded it in a larger context, redistribute it, commercially or not, in a restricted way or not.. To cite BioModels Database, please use: Li C, Donizelli M, Rodriguez N, Dharuri H, Endler L, Chelliah V, Li L, He E, Henry A, Stefan MI, Snoep JL, Hucka M, Le Novère N, Laibe C (2010) BioModels Database: An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published quantitative kinetic models. BMC Syst Biol., 4:92.

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