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The Daphnia cuticle proteome - whole cuticle samples

ABSTRACT: The cuticles of arthropods, including aquatic crustaceans like Daphnia, provide an interface between the organism and its environment. Thus, the cuticle’s structure influences how the organism responds to and interacts with its surroundings. Here, we used label-free quantification proteomics to provide a proteome of the molted cuticle of Daphnia magna, which has long been a prominent subject of studies on ecology, evolution, and developmental biology, anddetected 278 high confidence proteins. Using protein sequence domain and functional enrichment analyses, we identified chitin-binding structural proteins and chitin modifying enzymes as most abundant protein groups in the cuticle proteome.Structural cuticular protein families showed a similar distribution to those found in other arthropods and indicated proteins responsible for the soft and flexible structure of the Daphnia cuticle . Finally, cuticle protein genes were clustered as tandem gene arrays in the Daphnia genome, indicating their importance for adaptation to environmental change. The cuticle proteome presented here will be a valuable resource to the Daphnia research community, informing investigations on diverse topics such as the genetic basis of interactions with predators and parasites.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap

ORGANISM(S): Daphnia Magna

TISSUE(S): Whole Body

SUBMITTER: Kathrin Otte

LAB HEAD: Kathrin Otte

PROVIDER: PXD040228 | Pride | 2024-09-02

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of one genotype to express different phenotypes in response to changing environmental conditions, is one of the most common phenomena characterising the living world and is not only relevant for the ecology but also for the evolution of species. Daphnia, the waterflea, is a textbook example for predator induced phenotypic plastic defences including changes in life-history, behaviour and morphology. However, the analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying these inducible defences is still in its early stages. We exposed Daphnia magna to chemical cues of the predator Triops cancriformis to identify key processes underlying plastic defensive trait formation. D. magna is known to develop an array of morphological changes in the presence of T. cancriformis including changes of carapace morphology and cuticle hardening. To get a more comprehensive idea of this phenomenon, we studied four different genotypes originating from habitats with different predation history, reaching from predator-free to temporary habitats containing T. cancriformis. We analysed the morphologies as well as proteomes of predator-exposed and control animals. Three genotypes showed morphological changes when the predator was present. Using a high-throughput proteomics approach, we found 294 proteins which were significantly altered in their abundance after predator exposure in a general or genotype dependant manner. Proteins connected to genotype dependant responses were related to the cuticle, protein synthesis and calcium binding whereas the yolk protein vitellogenin increased in abundance in all genotypes, indicating their involvement in a more general response. Furthermore, genotype dependant responses at the proteome level correlated well with local adaptation to Triops predation. Altogether, our study provides new insights concerning genotype dependant and general molecular processes involved in predator-induced phenotypic plasticity in D. magna.

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The Daphnia cuticle proteome - whole cuticle samples

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