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A transient protein folding response targets aggregation in the early phase of TDP-43-mediated disease

ABSTRACT: Understanding the mechanisms that drive TDP-43 pathology is integral to combating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Here we generated a longitudinal quantitative proteomic map of the cortex from the cytoplasmic TDP-43 rNLS8 mouse model of ALS and FTLD and developed a complementary open-access webtool, TDP-map (https://shiny.rcc.uq.edu.au/TDP-map/). We identified distinct protein subsets enriched for diverse biological pathways with temporal alterations in protein abundance, including increases in protein folding factors prior to disease onset. This included increased levels of DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 5, DNAJB5, which also co-localized with TDP-43 pathology in diseased human motor cortex. DNAJB5 over-expression decreased TDP-43 aggregation in cell and cortical neuron cultures, and knockout of Dnajb5 exacerbated motor impairments caused by AAV-mediated cytoplasmic TDP-43 expression in mice. Together, these findings reveal molecular mechanisms at distinct stages of ALS and FTLD progression and suggest that protein folding factors could be protective in disease.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive

ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)

TISSUE(S): Brain, Cerebral Cortex

DISEASE(S): Frontotemporal Dementia,Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

SUBMITTER: Rebecca San Gil

LAB HEAD: Adam K.

PROVIDER: PXD042382 | Pride | 2024-01-31

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	180504_P21478_Proj2_TMT1_CTX1-10_QE2_fraction1.raw	Raw
	180504_P21478_Proj2_TMT1_CTX1-10_QE2_fraction10.raw	Raw
	180504_P21478_Proj2_TMT1_CTX1-10_QE2_fraction11.raw	Raw
	180504_P21478_Proj2_TMT1_CTX1-10_QE2_fraction12.raw	Raw
	180504_P21478_Proj2_TMT1_CTX1-10_QE2_fraction13.raw	Raw

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Truncated stathmin-2 is a marker of TDP-43 pathology in frontotemporal dementia

Project description:No treatment for frontotemporal dementia (FTD), the second most common type of early-onset dementia, is available, but therapeutics are being investigated to target the 2 main proteins associated with FTD pathological subtypes: TDP-43 (FTLD-TDP) and tau (FTLD-tau). Testing potential therapies in clinical trials is hampered by our inability to distinguish between patients with FTLD-TDP and FTLD-tau. Therefore, we evaluated truncated stathmin-2 (STMN2) as a proxy of TDP-43 pathology, given the reports that TDP-43 dysfunction causes truncated STMN2 accumulation. Truncated STMN2 accumulated in human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived neurons depleted of TDP-43, but not in those with pathogenic TARDBP mutations in the absence of TDP-43 aggregation or loss of nuclear protein. In RNA-Seq analyses of human brain samples from the NYGC ALS cohort, truncated STMN2 RNA was confined to tissues and disease subtypes marked by TDP-43 inclusions. Last, we validated that truncated STMN2 RNA was elevated in the frontal cortex of a cohort of patients with FTLD-TDP but not in controls or patients with progressive supranuclear palsy, a type of FTLD-tau. Further, in patients with FTLD-TDP, we observed significant associations of truncated STMN2 RNA with phosphorylated TDP-43 levels and an earlier age of disease onset. Overall, our data uncovered truncated STMN2 as a marker for TDP-43 dysfunction in FTD.

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TDP-43 is a genome-wide DNA-binding protein and regulator of snRNA expression

Project description:TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is the major protein component of neuronal inclusions characterizing the adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions (FTLD-TDP). Whereas TDP-43 was originally identified as a DNA-binding protein that bound the HIV-1 trans-activation response (TAR) DNA element, recent work elucidating its role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis has largely focused on TDP-43’s role as an RNA-binding protein. Here, we demonstrate that in human cells, TDP-43 binds DNA genome-wide, with strong enrichment at small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes. Moreover, TDP-43 binding to snRNA genes is not dependent on RNA, and the snRNA products of TDP-43-bound sites are incorporated into Smith antigen-containing snRNPs. Furthermore, TDP-43 knockdown increases expression of bound snRNA genes, supporting a role for TDP-43 in the negative regulation of snRNA biogenesis. Finally, ALS-associated missense mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43, TARDBP, reduce binding to snRNA genes. Together, our data suggest that the DNA-binding role of TDP-43 is important in health and in disease, and aberrant TDP-43 binding to snRNA gene loci may alter splicing function in ALS and FTLD-TDP.

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A TDP-43 acetylation-mimic mutation that disrupts RNA-binding drives FTLD-like neurodegeneration in a mouse model of sporadic TDP-43 proteinopathy

Project description:TDP-43 proteinopathies including frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are devastating neurodegenerative disorders characterized by aggregation and mislocalization of the nucleic-acid binding protein TDP-43 and subsequent neuronal dysfunction. Here, we developed an endogenous model of sporadic TDP-43 proteinopathy based on the principle that disease-associated TDP-43 acetylation at lysine 145 (K145) alters TDP-43 conformation, impairs its RNA-binding capacity, and induces downstream mis-regulation of target genes. Expression of aberrant acetylation-mimic TDP-43K145Q resulted in stress-induced phase-separated nuclear TDP-43 foci formation and loss-of-TDP-43-function in mouse primary neurons and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons. Aged mice harboring the single TDP-43K145Q mutation recapitulate several key hallmarks of neurodegenerative proteinopathies, including progressive TDP-43 phosphorylation and insolubility, cytoplasmic mis-localization, widespread transcriptomic and splicing alterations, and cognitive dysfunction. Our study supports a model in which aberrant TDP-43 acetylation drives neuronal dysfunction and cognitive decline through alternative splicing and transcription of genes important in synaptic plasticity and apoptosis, providing a new paradigm to interrogate FTLD disease mechanisms and uncover disease-modifying therapeutics.

2023-01-09 | GSE216294 | GEO

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Project description:UNC13A features a cryptic exon which is expressed upon loss of nuclear TDP-43. Here, we perform targeted RNA-seq on RNA extracted from 10 FTLD-TDP brain samples, and four control samples, enriching for the cryptic exon via nested PCR. Each FTLD-TDP sample is heterozygous for rs12973192. There are two fastqs for each sample. One uses a sequence-specific reverse transcription primer, and detects both the cryptic-containing and correctly spliced isoforms. The second uses random hexamer primer (with specificity derived from downstream PCR and second strand synthesis) - this approach only detects the isoform containing the cryptic. The fastq files provided are demultiplexed and adaptor trimmed. Unique molecular identifiers have been moved to each read name, after \"rbc:\" (random barcode).

2022-02-28 | E-MTAB-10237 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Proteomic analyses reveal that loss of TDP-43 affects RNA processing and intracellular transport

Project description:Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a predominantly nuclear, ubiquitously expressed RNA and DNA-binding protein. It recognises and binds to UG repeats and is involved in pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA stability and microRNA metabolism. TDP-43 is essential in early embryonic development but accumulates in cytoplasmic aggregates in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and tau-negative frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). It is not known yet whether cytoplasmic aggregates of TDP-43 are toxic or protective but they are often associated with a loss of TDP-43 from the nucleus and neurodegeneration may be caused by a loss of normal TDP-43 function or a gain of toxic function. Here we present a proteomic study to analyse the effect of loss of TDP-43 on the proteome. Our results indicate that TDP-43 is an important regulator of RNA metabolism and intracellular transport. We show that Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1), DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (Dnmt3a) and chromogranin B (CgB) are downregulated upon TDP-43 knockdown. Subsequently, transportin 1 level is increased as a result of RanBP1 depletion. Improper regulation of these proteins and the subsequent disruption of cellular processes may play a role in the pathogenesis of the TDP-43 proteinopathies ALS and FTLD.

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TDP-43 in ALS/FTLD studied by a novel aggregate extraction method

Project description:Accumulation of abnormally phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43) is the main pathological finding characterizing affected neurons in most patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). At least four different subtypes of FTLD-TDP have been described, based on the morphology and neuroanatomical distribution of pathological TDP-43 accumulations. To understand the molecular basis of this heterogeneity that correlates with clinical presentations, we developed SarkoSpin, a new method for the biochemical isolation of pathological TDP-43 from complex tissues. Using postmortem samples of 79 patients and controls, we show that SarkoSpin allows the physical separation of pTDP-43 from ~99.8% of total proteins, including the extreme bulk of physiological TDP-43. Pathological TDP-43 extracted from different disease subtypes forms large and buoyant assemblies of distinct densities and 3-dimentional shapes that correlate with specific neuropathological classifications.

2018-10-10 | PXD007873 | Pride

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2021-08-06 | PXD026685 | Pride

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