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Proteomic analysis in root tip of maize under cadmium and copper exposure

ABSTRACT: In this study, the metabolic adjustments performed by maize (Zea mays L) seminal roots exposed to 25 µM Cd2+ or 25 µM Cu2+ at pre-emergence are compared, focusing on the proteomic changes after metal exposure. Root width was increased, and root length was decreased after 72 h of metal treatment. Both metals induced H2O2 accumulation and lipid peroxidation in the root tip. These changes were accompanied by increases in lipoxygenase activity and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal content. NMR spectroscopy revealed that the abundance of 38 water-soluble metabolites was significantly modified by Cd and Cu exposure; this set of metabolites comprised carboxylic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, and unidentified phenolic compounds. Linoleic acid content significantly decreased in Cu-treated samples. The total amount of proteins detected in maize root apexes was 2,171. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of the differentially accumulated proteins was performed to detect pathways probably affected by metal additions. Both metals altered redox homeostasis, up-regulated oxylipins biosynthetic process, and shifted metabolism towards the oxidative pentose-phosphate in the root apexes. However, the methionine salvage pathway appears as a key metabolic module only under Cd stress. The integrative analysis carried out in this study suggests that most molecular features behind the reprogramming of maize root tips to cope with cadmium and copper toxicity are common, but some are not.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive

ORGANISM(S): Zea Mays (maize)

TISSUE(S): Root

SUBMITTER: Liliana Pena

LAB HEAD: Liliana Beatriz

PROVIDER: PXD043243 | Pride | 2023-11-22

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:The transition metal copper (Cu) is an essential element for all living organisms. In plants, Cu plays key roles in electron transport chains of chloroplasts and mitochondria, as well as in cell wall metabolism, ethylene perception, molybdenum cofactor synthesis and oxidative stress protection. Because of its physiological importance, suboptimal concentrations of Cu trigger a re-organization of metabolism to economize on Cu, and pronounced Cu deficiency causes severe growth reduction and defects in male fertility. However, when present in excess, Cu can be highly toxic. Therefore, Cu uptake, utilization and cellular concentrations are strictly regulated. A number of components of the Cu-homeostatic network of Arabidopsis have already been identified. However, the mechanisms that control responses of plant gene expression to Cu-deficiency are only partly understood. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the transcription factor Crr1 is required for activating and/or repressing the expression of a number of genes in response to Cu deficiency. This protein contains a plant-specific DNA-binding domain (SBP domain), ankyrin repeats and a C-terminal cysteine-rich region with similarity to a Drosophila metallothionein (MT). In Arabidopsis, there is a family of 16 proteins with SBP domains named SPL family (SBP-like) of which a subset of proteins have been implicated in flowering time control and floral development. Among all of them, AtSPL7 is the most similar to Crr1 (27 % identity), and AtSPL1 (25 % identity), AtSPL12 (24 % identity) and AtSPL14 (23 % identity) share a common protein architecture. The goal of this work was to obtain a complete account of the response of the Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptome to Cu deficiency, as well as to determine the role of AtSPL7 in the transcriptional response to Cu deficiency. For this purpose, three independent experiments were carried out including Col-0 wild-type and spl7-2 mutant plants grown in Cu-sufficient and Cu-deficient hydroponic media, respectively. Root and shoot transcriptomes were established by RNA-Seq for quantitative comparisons. Sampling of root and shoot tissues of wild-type (WT, Col-0) and spl7-2 mutant plants (the mutant is knock-down for the transcription factor SPL7, which plays a key role in the transcriptional regulation of the copper deficiency responses) cultivated hydroponically in a modified Hoagland's solution under Cu-sufficient (control) and Cu-deficient conditions.

			Action	DRS
	SG01.msf	Msf
	SG01.pdResult	Other
	SG01.raw	Raw
	SG02.msf	Msf
	SG02.pdResult	Other

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Proteomic analysis in root tip of maize under cadmium and copper exposure

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