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Proteins from honey bee larval hemolymph as key candidate nutrients for Varroa destructor artificial rearing

ABSTRACT: Using artificial Parafilm™ dummies, we explored the nutrition of V. destructor females and assessed their survival when fed on hemolymph from bee larvae, pupae or adults. We compared the results to fully synthetic solutions and to filtered larval plasma. The results showed that the parasites could survive for several days or weeks on our different diets. Hemolymph from larva yielded the highest survival rates and filtered cell-free hemolymph was sufficient to maintain the mites for 14 days or more. This cell free solution thus theoretically contains all necessary nutrients for the mite survival. A proteomic analysis on the larval plasma outlined a list of 54 proteins among which several energy metabolism proteins such as vitellogenin, hexamerin or transferrin. These molecules represent key candidate nutrients that could be crucial for V. destructor survival.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive

ORGANISM(S): Apis Mellifera (honeybee)

TISSUE(S): Hemolymph

SUBMITTER: Karim Arafah

LAB HEAD: Philippe Bulet

PROVIDER: PXD043487 | Pride | 2023-10-24

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Honey Bee Larval Hemolymph as a Source of Key Nutrients and Proteins Offers a Promising Medium for Varroa destructor Artificial Rearing.

Piou Vincent V Vilarem Caroline C Blanchard Solène S Strub Jean-Marc JM Bertile Fabrice F Bocquet Michel M Arafah Karim K Bulet Philippe P Vétillard Angélique A

International journal of molecular sciences 20230804 15

Varroa destructor, a major ectoparasite of the Western honey bee Apis mellifera, is a widespread pest that damages colonies in the Northern Hemisphere. Throughout their lifecycle, V. destructor females feed on almost every developmental stage of their host, from the last larval instar to the adult. The parasite is thought to feed on hemolymph and fat body, although its exact diet and nutritional requirements are poorly known. Using artificial Parafilm™ dummies, we explored t ...[more]

PMID: 37569818

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Project description:Polymicrobial infections are intrinsically less susceptible to antimicrobial therapy, are more invasive and can induce enhanced inflammatory responses leading to negative clinical outcomes. The importance of studying the interaction between microbes themselves and their interactions with their host in combination has only been realised in recent years. However, there is a lack of simple, effective and low cost in vivo models to study these interactions with the host immune response. This study details the responses of Galleria mellonella larvae to disseminated combination infection by C. albicans and S. aureus and demonstrates the efficacy of antimicrobial chemotherapy on treating co-infected larvae. Doses of C. albicans (1 × 105 larva-1) and S. aureus (1 × 104 larva-1) which were non-lethal in mono-infection, when combined significantly lowered larval survival at (70 ± 3.33% [p < 0.01]), 48 (10 ± 3.33% [p < 0.0001]) and 72h (5 ± 6.66% [p < 0.0001]) h relative to larvae receiving S. aureus 2 × 104 larva-1 mono-infection. Co-infected larvae with S. aureus 2 × 104 larva-1 resulted in an increase in the density of circulating hemocytes relative to S. aureus mono-infected larvae. Co-infected larvae displayed a significantly higher overall S. aureus c.f.u larva-1 compared to larvae only infected with S. aureus. Co-infection resulted in dissemination throughout the host and the appearance of large nodules. Proteomic analysis of co-infected larval hemolymph revealed specific immune responses to bacterial and fungal infection by the increased abundance of a range of antimicrobial peptides, peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharide and β-glucan recognition proteins and proteins associated with tissue invasion and nodule formation. The in vitro and in vivo efficacy of empirical antimicrobial drugs (amphotericin B & meropenem) was examined against C. albicans and S. aureus was also examined. meropenem was more effective than amphotericin B but a combination was most effective at improving survival of co-infected larvae. The effect of antimicrobial therapy on symptoms associated with co-infection was also assessed using Cryo-imaging. The processes of polymicrobial co-infection in G. mellonella are compared to those in mice models and larvae provide an easy to use and ethically acceptable in vivo system to assess polymicrobial interactions with their host.

			Action	DRS
	Hemolymph_proteins_Export-lists.xlsx	Xlsx
	QE44037MS.msf	Msf
	QE44037MS.mzXML	Mzxml
	QE44037MS.raw	Raw
	QE44040MS.msf	Msf

Dataset Information

Proteins from honey bee larval hemolymph as key candidate nutrients for Varroa destructor artificial rearing

Dataset's files

Publications

Honey Bee Larval Hemolymph as a Source of Key Nutrients and Proteins Offers a Promising Medium for <i>Varroa destructor</i> Artificial Rearing.

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