Dataset Information

The natural diversity of the yeast proteome links aneuploidy tolerance to genome-wide proteome

ABSTRACT: Recent advancements in genome sequencing have facilitated accessing the natural genetic diversity of species, unveiling hidden genetic traits, clarifying gene functions, and the degree to which laboratory studies can be generalized. One notable discovery is the frequent (~20%) aneuploidy - an imbalance in chromosome copy numbers - in natural Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) isolates, despite the significant fitness costs and transient nature reported for lab-engineered yeast aneuploids. To examine this discrepancy, we adapted a high-throughput proteomic platform to analyze the proteome of 800 diverse yeast isolates. Matching these proteomes to the natural isolates’ genomes, transcriptomes, as well as generating ubiquitinome and protein turnover data for selected isolates, we report that natural and lab-generated aneuploids differ specifically at the proteome. While lab-generated aneuploids attenuate specific proteins – mostly protein complex subunits – and do not alter the average gene dosage provided by chromosome duplications, in natural strains, 70% of proteins encoded on aneuploid chromosomes are attenuated, and protein levels are shifted towards the euploid state chromosome-wide. Our data links chromosome-wide dosage compensation in natural strains to i) genome-wide buffering of gene expression changes manifesting in trans on euploid chromosomes, ii) increased expression of structural components of the ubiquitin proteasome system, and iii) increased global rates of protein turnover. Our results encourage the exploitation of natural diversity of species to understand complex biological processes at the molecular level. This submission contains the raw files for the disomics lab engineered strains, the library used for the analysis and the corresponding DIA-NN report and associated files.

INSTRUMENT(S): TripleTOF 6600

ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (baker's Yeast)

SUBMITTER: Anja Freiwald

LAB HEAD: Markus Ralser

PROVIDER: PXD044526 | Pride | 2024-03-11

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Dataset's files

Source:

			Action	DRS
	20210225_yeastspeclib.tsv	Tabular
	20210512_TOF2_FA_010_30-0027_JMuenzner-disomicSc_P01_B01.rawIdx.wiff.dia	Wiff
	20210512_TOF2_FA_011_30-0027_JMuenzner-disomicSc_P01_C01.rawIdx.wiff.dia	Wiff
	20210512_TOF2_FA_012_30-0027_JMuenzner-disomicSc_P01_D01.rawIdx.wiff.dia	Wiff
	20210512_TOF2_FA_013_30-0027_JMuenzner-disomicSc_P01_E01.rawIdx.wiff.dia	Wiff

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Publications

Natural proteome diversity links aneuploidy tolerance to protein turnover.

Muenzner Julia J Trébulle Pauline P Agostini Federica F Zauber Henrik H Messner Christoph B CB Steger Martin M Kilian Christiane C Lau Kate K Barthel Natalie N Lehmann Andrea A Textoris-Taube Kathrin K Caudal Elodie E Egger Anna-Sophia AS Amari Fatma F De Chiara Matteo M Demichev Vadim V Gossmann Toni I TI Mülleder Michael M Liti Gianni G Schacherer Joseph J Selbach Matthias M Berman Judith J Ralser Markus M

Nature 20240522 8015

Accessing the natural genetic diversity of species unveils hidden genetic traits, clarifies gene functions and allows the generalizability of laboratory findings to be assessed. One notable discovery made in natural isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is that aneuploidy-an imbalance in chromosome copy numbers-is frequent<sup>1,2</sup> (around 20%), which seems to contradict the substantial fitness costs and transient nature of aneuploidy when it is engineered in the laboratory<sup>3-5</sup>. He ...[more]

PMID: 38778096

Similar Datasets

Project description:Aneuploidy, an imbalance in chromosome copy numbers, causes genetic disorders, and drives cancer progression, drug tolerance, and antimicrobial resistance. While aneuploidy can confer stress resistance, it is not well understood how cells overcome the fitness burden caused by aberrant chromosomal copy numbers. Studies using both systematically generated and natural aneuploid yeasts triggered an intense debate about the role of dosage compensation, concluding that aneuploidy is transmitted to the transcriptome and proteome without significant buffering at the chromosome-wide level, and is, at least in lab strains, associated with significant fitness costs. Conversely, systematic sequencing and phenotyping of large collections of natural isolates revealed that aneuploidy is frequent and has few, if any, fitness costs in nature. To address these discrepant findings, we developed a platform that yields highly precise proteomic measurements across large numbers of genetically diverse samples and applied it to natural isolates collected as part of the 1011 genomes project (Peter, J. et al, 2018). For 613 of the isolates, we were able to match the proteomes to their corresponding transcriptomes and genomes, subsequently quantifying the effect of aneuploidy on gene expression by comparing 95 aneuploid with 518 euploid strains. We find, as in previous studies, that aneuploid gene dosage is not buffered chromosome-wide at the transcriptome level. Importantly, in the proteome, we detect an attenuation of aneuploidy by about 25% below the aneuploid gene dosage in natural yeast isolates. Furthermore, this chromosome-wide dosage compensation is associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which is expressed at higher levels and has increased activity across natural aneuploid strains. Thus, through systematic exploration of the species-wide diversity of the yeast proteome, we shed light on a long-standing debate about the biology of aneuploids, revealing that aneuploidy tolerance is mediated through chromosome-wide dosage compensation at the proteome level.

Project description:Background. Most methods for constructing aneuploid yeast strains that have gained a specific chromosome rely on spontaneous failures of cell division fidelity. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, extra chromosomes can be obtained when errors in meiosis or mitosis lead to nondisjunction, or when nuclear breakdown occurs in heterokaryons. We describe a strategy for constructing N+1 disomes that does not require such spontaneous failures. The method combines two well-characterized genetic tools: a conditional centromere that transiently blocks disjunction of one specific chromosome, and a duplication marker assay that identifies disomes among daughter cells. To test the strategy, we targeted chromosomes III, IV, and VI for duplication. Results. The centromere of each target chromosome was replaced by a conditional centromere that can be blocked by growth in galactose, and ura3::HIS3, a duplication marker. Transient exposure to galactose induced the appearance of colonies carrying duplicated markers for chromosomes III or IV, but not VI. Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) confirmed that disomic strains carrying extra chromosome III or IV were generated. Chromosome VI contains several genes known to be deleterious when overexpressed, including the beta-tubulin gene TUB2. To test whether a tubulin stoichiometry imbalance prevents viability in cells carrying an extra chromosome VI, we supplied the parent strain with extra copies of the alpha-tubulin gene TUB1, then induced nondisjunction. Galactose-dependent chromosome VI disomes were produced, as revealed by CGH. Some chromosome VI disomes also carried extra, unselected copies of additional chromosomes. Conclusions. This method causes efficient nondisjunction of a targeted chromosome and allows resulting disomic cells to be identified and maintained. We used the method to test the role of tubulin imbalance in the apparent lethality of disomic chromosome VI. Our results indicate that a tubulin imbalance is necessary for disomic VI lethality, but it may not be the only dosage-dependent effect. Keywords: comparative genomic hybridization, CGH Candidate disomes (Ura+His+) were compared to their euploid parents by CGH. 27 candidate strains were examined with 27 arrays. 4 candidates targeted chromosome III (3 induced, 1 spontaneous), 14 candidates targeted chromosome IV (8 induced, 6 spontaneous), and 9 candidates targeted chromosome VI (all induced).

Project description:Sex chromosome dosage differences between males and females are a significant form of natural genetic variation in many species. Like many species with chromosomal sex determination, Drosophila females have two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y. The model species D. melanogaster has five roughly equally sized chromosome arms, one of which is the X chromosome. However, fusions of sex chromosomes with autosomes have occurred along the lineage leading to D. pseudoobscura and D. miranda. The resulting neo-sex chromosomes are gradually evolving the properties of sex chromosomes, and neo-X chromosomes are becoming targets for the molecular mechanisms that compensate for differences in X chromosome dose between sexes. We have previously shown that D. melanogaster possess at least two dosage compensation mechanisms: the well- characterized MSL-mediated dosage compensation active in most somatic tissues, and another system active during early embryogenesis prior to the onset of MSL-mediated dosage compensation. To better understand the developmental constraints on sex chromosome gene expression and evolution, we sequenced mRNA from individual male and female embryos of D. pseudoobscura and D. miranda, from ~0.5 to 8 hours of development. Autosomal expression levels are highly conserved between these species. But, unlike D. melanogaster, we observe a general lack of dosage compensation in D. pseudoobscura and D. miranda prior to the onset of MSL-mediated dosage compensation. The extent of female bias on the X chromosomes decreases through developmental time with the establishment of MSL-mediated dosage compensation, but may do so more slowly in D. miranda than D. pseudoobscura. Thus either there has been a lineage-specific gain or loss in early dosage compensation mechanism(s), or increasing X chromosome dose may strain dosage compensation systems and make them less effective. These results also prompt a number of questions about whether species with more sex-linked genes have more sex-specific phenotypes, and how much transcript level variance is tolerable during critical stages of development.