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CRISPR targeting of FOXL2 c.402C>G mutation reduces malignant phenotype in granulosa tumor cells and identifies anti-tumoral compounds

ABSTRACT: FOXL2 is a transcription factor that plays a key role in sex determination, ovary development and maintenance. Mutations related to this gene have been described in syndromes involving premature ovarian failure and granulosa cell tumors. This kind of rare cancer (less than 5% of diagnosed ovarian cancers) has been causally associated with the FOXL2 c.402C>G, p.C134W mutation in 97% of the adult cases (AGCTs). In this study, we have used CRISPR technology to specifically eliminate the FOXL2 c.402C>G mutation in granulosa tumor cells. Our results indicate that this Cas9-mediated strategy allows the specific elimination of the mutation with no activity on the wild type allele. Granulosa cells depleted on FOXL2 c.402C>G show a reduced malignant phenotype. Specifically, we detect changes in cell proliferation, invasion, and cell death levels. In addition, we show that granulosa tumor cells become more susceptible to Dasatinib and Ketoconazole treatments when FOXL2 c.402C>G allele is eliminated. Our transcriptomic and proteomic analyses indicate that CRISPR-modified granulosa tumor cells significantly change their expression signature towards a wild type like phenotype. Finally, this expression signature has led us to discover new compounds with antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on granulosa cell tumor cells. Our results demonstrate the potential of CRISPR for specifically targeting and eliminating a granulosa cell tumor-causing mutation, as well as its therapeutic potential for the treatment of this rare ovarian cancer.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Exploris 480

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Granulosa Cell Layer

DISEASE(S): Granulosa Cell Tumor

SUBMITTER: Ana Montero Calle

LAB HEAD: Ignacio Pérez de Castro Insua

PROVIDER: PXD053682 | Pride | 2025-03-15

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among US women. Evidence supports the hypothesis that high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSC) may originate in the distal end of the fallopian tube. Although a heterogeneous disease, 96% of HGSC contain mutations in p53. In addition, the “p53 signature”, or overexpression of p53 protein (usually associated with mutation), is a potential precursor lesion of fallopian tube derived HGSC suggesting an essential role for p53 mutation in early serous tumorigenesis. To further clarify p53-mutation dependent effects on cells, murine oviductal epithelial cells (MOE) were stably transfected with a construct encoding for the R273H DNA binding domain mutation in p53, the most common mutation in HGSC. Mutation in p53 was not sufficient to transform MOE cells, but did significantly increase cell migration. A similar p53 mutation in murine ovarian surface epithelium (MOSE), another potential progenitor cell for serous cancer, was not sufficient to transform the cells nor change migration suggesting tissue specific effects of p53 mutation. Microarray data confirmed expression changes in pro-migratory genes in p53R273H MOE compared to parental cells, which could be reversed by suppressing Slug expression. Combining p53R273H with KRASG12V activation caused transformation of MOE into high-grade sarcomatoid carcinoma when xenografted into nude mice. Elucidating the specific role of p53R273H in the fallopian tube will improve understanding of changes at the earliest stage of transformation and could help develop chemopreventative strategies to prevent the accumulation of additional mutations and reverse progression of the “p53 signature” thereby, improving survival rates. We used a microarray to determine global changes in gene expression as a result of the p53 mutation specifically in mouse oviductal epithelium. Murine oviductal cells (MOE) were obtained from Dr. Barbara Vanderhyden at the University of Ottawa. Stable cell lines were generated using antibiotic resistant plasmids containing p53 R273H (Addgene, plasmid: 16439, donated by Dr. Vogelstein, Johns Hopkins University school of Medicine, Baltimore, MD) or pCMV-Neo (Origene PCMV6XL4, Rockville, MD). Total RNA was extracted from cell pellets collected from consecutive passages.

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CRISPR targeting of FOXL2 c.402C>G mutation reduces malignant phenotype in granulosa tumor cells and identifies anti-tumoral compounds

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