Project description:To better understand how diurnal transcriptional regulation contributes to day/night cycles of volatile emission from the petunia flower, RNA extracted from corolla in the morning (7AM) and evening (7PM) was sequenced to determine genes differentially expressed at the two time points.
Project description:To better understand how diurnal transcriptional regulation contributes to day/night cycles of volatile emission from the petunia flower, cross-linked chromatin from corolla in the morning (7AM) and evening (7PM) was immunoprecipitated with antibodies against 4 histone marks associated with trancriptional activity to determine islands enriched for the marks in morning and evening.
Project description:We report the application of sequencing-by-synthesis technology for high-throughput profiling of small RNAs involved in Chalcone synthase A (CHS-A) sense cosuppression in petunia. Sense cosuppression is a classical form of eukaryotic post-transcriptional gene silencing. It was first reported in transgenic petunia, where a transgene overexpressing the host Chalcone Synthase-A (CHS-A) gene caused the degradation of the homologous transcripts and the loss of flower pigmentation. Though sense cosuppression is recognized as an RNA silencing mechanism, little evidence has been yet provided demonstrating its association with the generation of individual small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that are the assumed determinants. In this work, the deep sequencing of small RNAs in cosuppressed transgenic petunia and WT petunia respectively allowed for the identication of siRNAs that vastly predominate in the silenced flower and guide prominent cleavage events in CHS-A mRNA.
Project description:We report the application of sequencing-by-synthesis technology for high-throughput profiling of small RNAs involved in Chalcone synthase A (CHS-A) sense cosuppression in petunia. Sense cosuppression is a classical form of eukaryotic post-transcriptional gene silencing. It was first reported in transgenic petunia, where a transgene overexpressing the host Chalcone Synthase-A (CHS-A) gene caused the degradation of the homologous transcripts and the loss of flower pigmentation. Though sense cosuppression is recognized as an RNA silencing mechanism, little evidence has been yet provided demonstrating its association with the generation of individual small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that are the assumed determinants. In this work, the deep sequencing of small RNAs in cosuppressed transgenic petunia and WT petunia respectively allowed for the identication of siRNAs that vastly predominate in the silenced flower and guide prominent cleavage events in CHS-A mRNA. Examination of 2 small RNA populations from WT and cosuppressed petunia petals respectively
Project description:Senescence represents the last stage of flower development. Phosphorylation is one of the key post-translational modifications that regulate protein functions in diverse biological pathways and contexts. Generally, kinases may be more required than phosphatases during plant growth and development. However, little is known about global phosphorylation change during flower senescence. In this work, we quantitatively investigated the petunia phosphoproteome following ethylene or air treatment. In total, 2170 phosphosites in 1184 protein groups were identified, among which 2059 sites in 1124 proteins were quantified. Treatment with ethylene resulted in 711 down-regulated and only 117 up-regulated phosphosites using a 1.5-fold threshold (P<0.05), showing that ethylene negatively regulates global phosphorylation levels and that phosphorylation of lots of proteins was not necessary during flower senescence. Our results show that protein dephosphorylation may play an important role of in ethylene-induced corolla senescence in petunia and that phosphatases may be more required than kinases during flower senescence. In addition, our results show that ethylene regulates ethylene and ABA signaling transduction pathways via phosphorylation level, and plant mRNA splicing machinery was a major target of ethylene-induced dephosphorylation. Moreover, ethylene treatment increases the number of alternative splicing of precursor RNAs in petunia corollas.
Project description:To obtain insights about the roles of VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b, here we perform complementation analyses using petunia regulatory mutants impaired in pigment accumulation in flower epidermis, proven to be a valid tool for gene functional studies. We created three transgenic petunia lines overexpressing VvMYB5a, VvMYB5b and VvMYBA1 and we compared petal transcriptomes of each overexpressors with the untransformed one.
Project description:To obtain insights about the roles of VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b, here we perform complementation analyses using petunia regulatory mutants impaired in pigment accumulation in flower epidermis, proven to be a valid tool for gene functional studies.
Project description:Background: Introduction of a transgene that transcribes RNA homologous to an endogenous gene in the plant genome can induce silencing of both genes, a phenomenon termed cosuppression. Cosuppression was first discovered in transgenic petunia plants transformed with the CHS-A gene encoding chalcone synthase, in which nonpigmented sectors in flowers or completely white flowers are produced. Some of the flower-color patterns observed in transgenic petunias having CHS-A cosuppression resemble those in existing nontransgenic varieties. Although the mechanism by which white sectors are generated in nontransgenic petunia is known to be due to RNA silencing of the CHS-A gene as in cosuppression, whether the same trigger(s) and/or pattern of RNA degradation are involved in these phenomena has not been known. Here, we addressed this question using deep-sequencing and bioinformatic analyses of small RNAs. Results: We analyzed short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) produced in nonpigmented sectors of petal tissues in transgenic petunia plants that have CHS-A cosuppression and a nontransgenic petunia variety Red Star, that has naturally occurring CHS-A RNA silencing. In both silencing systems, 21-nt and 22-nt siRNAs were the most and the second-most abundant size classes, respectively. CHS-A siRNA production was confined to exon 2, indicating that RNA degradation through the RNA silencing pathway occurred in this exon. Common siRNAs were detected in cosuppression and naturally occurring RNA silencing, and their ranks based on the number of siRNAs in these plants were correlated with each other. Noticeably, highly abundant siRNAs were common in these systems. Phased siRNAs were detected in multiple phases at multiple sites, and some of the ends of the regions that produced phased siRNAs were conserved. Conclusions: The features of siRNA production found to be common to cosuppression and naturally occurring silencing of the CHS-A gene indicate mechanistic similarities between these silencing systems especially in the biosynthetic processes of siRNAs including cleavage of CHS-A transcripts and subsequent production of secondary siRNAs in exon 2. The data also suggest that these events occurred at multiple sites, which can be a feature of these silencing phenomena. Small RNAs isolated from petal tissues in two petunia lines were analyzed.
Project description:Establishing the global proteomes of Petunia inflata flower protoplasts at S3 and S5 developmental stages to assess the presence of anthocyanin biosynthetic enzymes and determine the suitability of flowers in different developmental stages as material for transient expression of TurboID-tagged bait proteins for proximity labeling.