Project description:The immune response associated with mastitis caused by Mycoplasma bovis is a very complicated biological process in several type of cells, including immune cells, mammary epithelial cells and, endothelial cells. Thus, revealing of the microRNAs in the Mycoplasma bovis infected mammary gland tissues is particularly important for the immune response mechanism to Mycoplasma bovis. Firstly, mammary gland tissue samples were collected from Holstein cows and screened for Mycoplasma bovis. Then, total RNA was isolated from mycoplasma bovis infected tissues and RNA sequencing was performed. After bioinformatics analysis, GO and KEGG analysis of target genes of identified microRNAs were conducted. Our results revaled that 24 of the known microRNAs were expressed differently and 13 of the novel microRNAs were expressed differently in Mycoplasma bovis positive tissues. The target genes of these microRNAs were found to be associated with especially inflammation pathways. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that identified miRNAs may be involved in the signaling pathways during mastitis case caused by Mycoplasma bovis.
Project description:The opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus gallolyticus is one of the few intestinal bacteria that has been consistently linked to colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to identify S. gallolyticus-induced pathways that could on the long-term add to CRC progression. Transcription profiling of S. gallolyticus-exposed CRC-cells revealed the persistent induction of enzymes involved in biotransformation pathways. Specifically, a diffusible factor of S. gallolyticus (SGF-X) interacts with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor thereby inducing CYP1 enzymes that catalyze the bioactivation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into toxic intermediates. Importantly, priming CRC-cells with SGF-X containing medium increased the DNA damaging effect of the PAH 3-methylcholanthrene, which was not observed for other intestinal bacteria. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time that bacteria can modulate the biotransformation capacity of CRC-cells that offers a novel theory for a contributing role of S. gallolyticus in the etiology of sporadic CRC. Key words : Colorectal cancer cells, Streptococcus bovis, streptococcus gallolyticus, host-pathogen interactions, Cytochrome P4501A1, DNA-damage, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Project description:Mycoplasma bovis is one of the major causative pathogens of the bovine respiratory complex disease that is characterized by enzootic pneumonia, mastitis, pleuritis and polyarthritis. M. bovis enters and colonizes the bovine respiratory epithelia through inhalation of aerosol from contaminated air. The nature of the interaction between M. bovis and bovine innate immune system is not well understood. We hypothesized that M. bovis invades blood monocytes and regulates cellular function to support its persistence and systemic dissemination. We used bovine-specific peptide kinome arrays to identify cellular signaling pathways that could be relevant to M. bovis-monocyte interaction in vitro. We validated these pathways using functional, protein and gene expression arrays. Here we show that infection of blood monocytes with M. bovis delays spontaneous or TNF-α/staurosporine-driven apoptosis, activates NF-κβ p65 subunit and inhibits caspase-9 activity. We also report that M. bovis infected bovine monocytes do not produce IFN-γ and TNF-α, although production of IL-10 is elevated. Our findings suggest that M. bovis takes over the cellular machinery of bovine monocytes to prolong bacterial survival and to possibly facilitate subsequent systemic distribution.
Project description:Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) are important pathogens of cattle, causing bovine tuberculosis and Johne’s disease respectively. M. bovis and MAP infect residential macrophages in the lung and intestines respectively and subvert the macrophage biology to create a survival niche. To investigate this interaction we simultaneously studied the transcriptional response of bovine monocyte-derived macrophages to infection with two strains of M. bovis (AF2122/97 and G18) and two strains of MAP (C & L1).
