Plant diversity-productivity relationship extended to the root microbiota
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PROVIDER: PRJEB22724 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Coevolutionary change requires reciprocal selection between interacting species, i.e., that the partner genotypes that are favored in one species depend on the genetic composition of the interacting species. Coevolutionary genetic variation is manifested as genotype ´ genotype (G ´ G) interactions for fitness from interspecific interactions. Although quantitative genetic approaches have revealed abundant evidence for G ´ G interactions in symbioses, the molecular basis of this variation remains unclear. Here we study the molecular basis of G ´ G interactions in a model legume-rhizobium mutualism using gene expression microarrays. We find that, like quantitative traits such as fitness, variation in the symbiotic transcriptome may be partitioned into additive and interactive genetic components. Our results suggest that plant genetic variation is the largest influence on nodule gene expression, and that plant genotype and the plant genotype ´ rhizobium genotype interaction determine global shifts in rhizobium gene expression that in turn feedback to influence plant fitness benefits. Moreover, the transcriptomic variation we uncover implicates regulatory changes in both species as drivers of symbiotic gene expression variation. Our study is the first to partition genetic variation in a symbiotic transcriptome, and illuminates potential molecular routes of coevolutionary change. We assayed gene expression using three biological replicates for each plant genotype × rhizobium genotype combination (4 combinations) for a total of 12 chips. We compared gene expression in each of four combinations of Medicago truncatula families and Sinorhizobium meliloti strains using Affymetrix Medicago GeneChips to study how the entire transcriptome and individual genes responded to differences between plant families, between rhizobium strains, and due to the plant family × rhizobium strain (G × G) interaction.
2012-04-30 | E-GEOD-29027 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Coevolutionary change requires reciprocal selection between interacting species, i.e., that the partner genotypes that are favored in one species depend on the genetic composition of the interacting species. Coevolutionary genetic variation is manifested as genotype ´ genotype (G ´ G) interactions for fitness from interspecific interactions. Although quantitative genetic approaches have revealed abundant evidence for G ´ G interactions in symbioses, the molecular basis of this variation remains unclear. Here we study the molecular basis of G ´ G interactions in a model legume-rhizobium mutualism using gene expression microarrays. We find that, like quantitative traits such as fitness, variation in the symbiotic transcriptome may be partitioned into additive and interactive genetic components. Our results suggest that plant genetic variation is the largest influence on nodule gene expression, and that plant genotype and the plant genotype ´ rhizobium genotype interaction determine global shifts in rhizobium gene expression that in turn feedback to influence plant fitness benefits. Moreover, the transcriptomic variation we uncover implicates regulatory changes in both species as drivers of symbiotic gene expression variation. Our study is the first to partition genetic variation in a symbiotic transcriptome, and illuminates potential molecular routes of coevolutionary change. We assayed gene expression using three biological replicates for each plant genotype × rhizobium genotype combination (4 combinations) for a total of 12 chips.
2012-05-01 | GSE29027 | GEO
Project description:The rapid global plant diversity and productivity loss has resulted in ecosystem functional degeneration in recent decades, and the relationship between plant diversity and productivity is a pressing issue around the world. Here, we sampled six plant communities that have not been grazed for 20 years, i.e., Agropyron mongolicum, Stipa bungeana, Cynanchum komarovii, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Sophora alopecuroides, Artemisia ordosica, located in a desertified steppe, northwestern China, and tested the relationship between plant diversity and productivity in this region. We found a positive linear relationship between AGB (above-ground biomass) and BGB (below-ground biomass), and the curves between plant diversity and AGB were unimodal (R 2 = 0.4572, p < 0.05), indicating that plant productivity increased at a low level of diversity but decreased at a high level of diversity. However, there was no significant relationship between BGB and plant diversity (p > 0.05). Further, RDA (redundancy analysis) indicated that soil factors had a strong effect on plant diversity and productivity. Totally, GAMs (generalized additive models) showed that soil factors (especially total nitrogen TN, total carbon TC, soil microbial biomass nitrogen SMB-N, soil microbial biomass carbon SMB-C) explained more variation in plant diversity and productivity (78.24%), which can be regarded as the key factors driving plant diversity and productivity. Therefore, strategies aiming to increase plant productivity and protect plant diversity may concentrate on promoting soil factors (e.g., increasing TC, TN, SMB-N and SMB-C) and plant species, which can be regarded as an effective and simple strategy to stabilize ecosystems to mitigate aridity in desertified steppes in northwestern China.
| S-EPMC6626518 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Soil microbial diversity importance for plant performance depends on symbiotic interactions
| PRJEB32457 | ENA
Project description:Endophytic fungi are root-inhabiting fungi that can promote plant growth in a variety of ways. They can directly stimulate plant growth by producing phytohormones, such as auxin and gibberellins. They can also indirectly promote plant growth by helping plants to acquire nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and by protecting plants from pests and pathogens.In this study, we used a proteomic approach to identify the proteins that are expressed in rice plants after they are treated with endophytic fungi. We found that the treatment with endophytic fungi resulted in the expression of a number of proteins involved in plant growth, nutrient acquisition, and defense. These results suggest that endophytic fungi can promote plant growth and improve plant resilience to stress.
2024-09-10 | PXD045242 | JPOST Repository
Project description:Tetranychus urticae is an important pest that causes severe damage on a wide variety of plants and crops, leading to a substantial loss of productivity. Previous research has focused on the study of Arabidopsis short-term response to T. urticae, but a comprehensive evaluation of the interaction through whole plant life cycle has not been previously studied. Here, through a physiological trait, transcriptomic and hormonomic evaluation we uncovered the molecular pathways directing the interaction of T. urticae during the complete plant life cycle. Upon mite infestation, plant suffers a process of adaptation to cope the stress and survive, led by the establishment of defence-growth trade-offs in the plant. Transcriptional and hormonal evaluation reveal how plant defence response upon mite perception determines the later growth responses and plant survival. In addition, a delay in plant development with a negative effect on plant fitness was observed, being fitness negatively affected with seed ageing. Taken together, our findings uncover the dynamics regulating plant-mite interactions and determining plant survival and reproductive success, providing new potential targets for improving plant response. Additionally, trade-offs suppose a cost on final plant fitness, demonstrating the underlying impact of the mite on the establishment of the offspring.
2024-08-31 | GSE255811 | GEO
Project description:Endophytic fungi are fungi that live inside the roots of plants. They can promote plant growth through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Direct mechanisms include the production of phytohormones, such as auxin and gibberellins, which can stimulate plant growth. Endophytic fungi can also fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and produce siderophores, which are compounds that chelate iron and make it available to plants. In addition, some endophytic fungi produce antimicrobial metabolites that can protect plants from pests and pathogens. Indirect mechanisms include the induction of systemic resistance, which is a plant's ability to defend itself against pests and pathogens. Endophytic fungi can also help plants to tolerate abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and heavy metals. In this study, we used a proteomic approach to identify the proteins that are expressed in rice plants after they are treated with endophytic fungi. We found that the treatment with endophytic fungi resulted in the expression of a number of proteins involved in plant growth, stress response, and defense. These results suggest that endophytic fungi can promote plant growth and improve plant resilience to stress.
2024-09-10 | PXD045243 | JPOST Repository
Project description:Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi are crucial for tree nitrogen (N) nutrition, however, mechanisms governing N transfer from fungal tissues to the host plant are not well understood. ECM fungal isolates, even from the same species, vary considerably in their ability to support tree N nutrition resulting in a range of often unpredictable symbiotic outcomes. In this study, we used isotopic labelling to quantify the transfer of N to the plant host by isolates from the ECM genus Pisolithus known to have significant variability in colonisation and transfer of nutrients to a host. We considered the metabolic fate of N acquired by the fungi and found that the percentage of plant N acquired through symbiosis significantly correlated to the concentration of free amino acids present in the ECM extra-radical mycelium. Transcriptomic analyses complemented these findings with isolates having high amino acid content and N transfer showing increased expression of genes in amino acid transport and catabolic pathways. These results suggest that fungal N metabolism drives transfer to the host plant in this interaction and that relative N transfer may be possible to predict through basic biochemical analyses.
2023-10-27 | GSE235669 | GEO
Project description:Understanding the processes that drive the dramatic changes in biodiversity along the productivity gradient remains a major challenge. Insight from simple, bivariate relationships so far has been limited. We combined >11,000 community plots in the French Alps with a molecular phylogeny and trait information for >1200 plant species to simultaneously investigate the relationships between all major biodiversity dimensions and satellite-sensed productivity. Using an approach that tests for differential effects of species dominance, species similarity and the interplay between phylogeny and traits, we demonstrate that unimodal productivity-biodiversity relationships only dominate for taxonomic diversity. In forests, trait and phylogenetic diversity typically increase with productivity, while in grasslands, relationships shift from unimodal to declining with greater land-use intensity. High productivity may increase trait/phylogenetic diversity in ecosystems with few external constraints (forests) by promoting complementary strategies, but under external constraints (managed grasslands) successful strategies are similar and thus the best competitors may be selected.
| S-EPMC6908676 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The shape of the productivity-diversity relationship (PDR) for marine phytoplankton has been suggested to be unimodal, that is, diversity peaking at intermediate levels of productivity. However, there are few observations and there has been little attempt to understand the mechanisms that would lead to such a shape for planktonic organisms. Here we use a marine ecosystem model together with the community assembly theory to explain the shape of the unimodal PDR we obtain at the global scale. The positive slope from low to intermediate productivity is due to grazer control with selective feeding, which leads to the predator-mediated coexistence of prey. The negative slope at high productivity is due to seasonal blooms of opportunist species that occur before they are regulated by grazers. The negative side is only unveiled when the temporal scale of the observation captures the transient dynamics, which are especially relevant at highly seasonal latitudes. Thus selective predation explains the positive side while transient competitive exclusion explains the negative side of the unimodal PDR curve. The phytoplankton community composition of the positive and negative sides is mostly dominated by slow-growing nutrient specialists and fast-growing nutrient opportunist species, respectively.
| S-EPMC4102128 | biostudies-other