Project description:Targeted enrichment-based next-generation sequencing or whole exome sequencing were taken for patients with hypomyelinating leukodystrophies to reveal genetic aetiologies. All genomic DNA used in the experiments was extracted from the peripheral leukocytes. A complete kit was synthetized using the Agilent SureSelect Target Enrichment technique, capturing the coding regions from 104 candidate genes, including their exons and exon-intron boundaries (11,473 probes, 383.065 kbp in total). The following NGS which included equipment and reagents was performed on an Illumina NEXTSEQ500 platform manufactured by Illumina (San Diego, California, USA) using paired-end sequencing of 110 bp. The clean paired-end reads were aligned to the human reference genome build hg19, which was previously annotated using ANNOVAR, in addition to insertion-deletion (indel) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) calling.
Project description:Targeted enrichment-based next-generation sequencing or whole exome sequencing were taken for patients with hypomyelinating leukodystrophies to reveal genetic aetiologies. All genomic DNA used in the experiments was extracted from the peripheral leukocytes. A complete kit was synthetized using the Agilent SureSelect Target Enrichment technique, capturing the coding regions from 104 candidate genes, including their exons and exon-intron boundaries (11,473 probes, 383.065 kbp in total). The following NGS which included equipment and reagents was performed on an Illumina NEXTSEQ500 platform manufactured by Illumina (San Diego, California, USA) using paired-end sequencing of 110 bp. The clean paired-end reads were aligned to the human reference genome build hg19, which was previously annotated using ANNOVAR, in addition to insertion-deletion (indel) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) calling.
Project description:UNC13A contains a novel cryptic exon which is expressed upon TDP-43 knockdown. However, it also features TDP-43 regulated intron retention of a downstream intron. To investigate the correlation of these two events, we performed Nanopore sequencing of amplicons from SHSY5Y cells with inducible TDP-43 knockdown, and FTD patient RNA samples
Project description:Non-coding variants coordinate transcription factor (TF) binding and chromatin mark enrichment changes over regions spanning >100 kb. We named these molecularly coordinated regions “variable chromatin modules” (VCMs), providing a conceptual framework of how regulatory variation might shape complex traits. To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying VCM formation, here, we mechanistically dissect an uncharacterized VCM-modulating non-coding variant that is associated with reduced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) predisposition and disease progression. This common, germline variant constitutes a 5-bp indel that controls the activity of an AXIN2 gene-linked VCM by creating a MEF2 binding site, which, upon binding, activates a super-enhancer-like regulatory element. This triggers a big change in TF binding activity and chromatin state at an enhancer cluster spanning >150 kb, coinciding with long-range chromatin compaction and AXIN2 up-regulation. Our results support a model in which the indel acts as an AXIN2 VCM-activating TF nucleation event, which modulates CLL pathology.
Project description:Maize husk leaf - the outer leafy layers covering the ear - modulates kernel yield and quality. Despite its importance, however, the genetic controls underlying husk leaf development remain elusive. Our previous genome-wide association study identified a single nucleotide polymorphism located in the gene RHW1 (Regulator of Husk leaf Width) that is significantly associated with husk leaf-width diversity in maize. Here, we further demonstrate that a polymorphic 18-bp InDel (insertion/deletion) variant in the 3' untranslated region of RHW1 alters its protein abundance and accounts for husk leaf width variation. RHW1 encodes a putative MYB-like transcriptional repressor. Disruption of RHW1 altered cell proliferation and resulted in a narrower husk leaf, whereas RHW1 overexpression yielded a wider husk leaf. RHW1 positively regulated the expression of ZCN4, a well-known TFL1-like protein involved in maize ear development. Dysfunction of ZCN4 reduced husk leaf width even in the context of RHW1 overexpression. The InDel variant in RHW1 is subject to selection and is associated with maize husk leaf adaption from tropical to temperate regions. Overall, our results identify that RHW1-ZCN4 regulates a pathway conferring husk leaf width variation at a very early stage of husk leaf development in maize.