Project description:Global warming has become a critical challenge to food safety, causing severe yield losses of major crops worldwide. Here, we report that the endophytic bacterium Enterobacter sp. SA187 induces thermotolerance of crops in a sustainable manner. Microbiome diversity of wheat plants is positively influenced by SA187 in open field agriculture, indicating that beneficial microbes can be a powerful tool to enhance agriculture in open field agriculture.
Project description:Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) varies in characteristics even in early stages and is mainly classified into three subtypes, which are superficial, exophytic and endophytic types, based on a macroscopic appearance of tumor growth.Of these subtypes, endophytic tumor has a poorer prognosis because of its invasive feature and higher frequency to have metastasis. To understand a molecular mechanism of endophytic subtype and identify biomarkers, we performed comprehensive microarray analysis for mRNAs from clinical biopsy sampleswhich were classified into subtypes and found overexpression of parvin-beta (PARVB) gene significantly related to endophytic type. PARVB is known to play a critical role in actin reorganization and focal adhesions. Knocking down PARVB expression in vitrocaused apparent decreases in cell migration and wound healing, implying that PARVB has a crucial role in cellular motility. Moreover, metastasis-free survival was significantly lowered in patients with higher PARVB expression. Therefore overexpression of PARVB is a candidate biomarker for endophytic tumor and metastasis and may be clinically applicable for decision making of an adjuvant therapy in TSCC. Twenty seven OCT embedded tissues were used to extract total RNA. Then RNAs were amplified, biotinylated, fragmented and hybridized on GeneChip Human Genome U133 plus 2.0 arrays.
Project description:Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) varies in characteristics even in early stages and is mainly classified into three subtypes, which are superficial, exophytic and endophytic types, based on a macroscopic appearance of tumor growth.Of these subtypes, endophytic tumor has a poorer prognosis because of its invasive feature and higher frequency to have metastasis. To understand a molecular mechanism of endophytic subtype and identify biomarkers, we performed comprehensive microarray analysis for mRNAs from clinical biopsy sampleswhich were classified into subtypes and found overexpression of parvin-beta (PARVB) gene significantly related to endophytic type. PARVB is known to play a critical role in actin reorganization and focal adhesions. Knocking down PARVB expression in vitrocaused apparent decreases in cell migration and wound healing, implying that PARVB has a crucial role in cellular motility. Moreover, metastasis-free survival was significantly lowered in patients with higher PARVB expression. Therefore overexpression of PARVB is a candidate biomarker for endophytic tumor and metastasis and may be clinically applicable for decision making of an adjuvant therapy in TSCC.
Project description:Recent studies have shown that several plant species require microbial associations for stress tolerance and survival. In this work, we show that the desert endophytic bacterium Enterobacter sp. SA187 enhances yield and biomass of alfalfa in field trials, revealing a high potential for improving desert agriculture. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, we studied SA187 interaction with Arabidopsis thaliana. SA187 colonized surface and inner tissues of Arabidopsis roots and shoots and conferred tolerance to salt and osmotic stresses. Transcriptome, genetic and pharmacological studies revealed that the ethylene signaling pathway plays a key role in mediating SA187-triggered abiotic stress tolerance to plants. While plant ethylene production is not required, our data suggest that SA187 induces abiotic stress tolerance by bacterial production of 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid (KMBA), known be converted into ethylene in planta. These results reveal a part of the complex molecular communication process during beneficial plant-microbe interactions and unravel an important role of ethylene in protecting plants under abiotic stress conditions.