Prevalence and diversity of Tn916-Tn1545 ICEs in oral streptococci in Norway
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ABSTRACT: The presence of antibiotic resistance related to Integrative Conjugative Elements (ICEs) in oral streptococci are increasingly being reported. This study investigates the prevalence, diversity and stability of one family of ICEs, Tn916-Tn1545 in blood isolates collected in Norway.
Project description:The presence of antibiotic resistance related to Integrative Conjugative Elements (ICEs) in oral streptococci are increasingly being reported. This study investigates the prevalence, diversity and stability of one family of ICEs, Tn916-Tn1545 in blood isolates collected in Norway.
Project description:This investigation reports a differential proteomic analysis of the secretome of six S. aureus strains belonging to two genotypes with opposite within-herd prevalence, GTB (high) and GTS (low), corresponding to sequence types (ST) 8 and 398, respectively. Total proteins released in the growth medium were subjected to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry and differential analysis with Proteome Discoverer by label-free approach. Here, we reported both the characterization of secretome proteins and a panel of differential proteins specific of S. Aureus depending on high or low within-herd prevalence. GTB/ST8 (High) released more immunoglobulin-binding proteins, complement and antimicrobial peptide inhibitors, enterotoxins, and metabolic enzymes, while GTS/ST398 (Low) released more leukocidins, hemolysins, lipases, and peptidases. Furthermore, GTB/ST8 (High) released the von Willebrand factor protein, staphylokinase, and clumping factor B, while GTS/ST398 (Low) released the staphylococcal coagulase and clumping factor A. In conclusion, our results provide an in-depth characterization of secretome proteins of the three S. aureus GTB/ST8 and three GTS/ST398 strains with high and low within-herd prevalence. We describe the role of extracellular proteins in S. Aureus pathogenesis.
Project description:The study is being conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for germline cancer susceptibility genetic mutations among patients with advanced colorectal polyps.
Project description:Antibiotic resistance is exacerbated by the exchange of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) between microbes from diverse habitats. Plasmids are important ARGs mobile elements and are spread by horizontal gene transfer (HGT). In this study, we demonstrated the presence of multi-resistant plasmids from inhalable particulate matter (PM) and its effect on gene horizontal transfer. Three transferable multi-resistant plasmids were identified from PM in a hospital, using conjugative mating assays and nanopore sequencing. pTAir-3 contained 26 horizontal transfer elements and 10 ARGs. Importantly pTAir-5 harbored carbapenem resistance gene (blaOXA) which shows homology to plasmids from human and pig commensal bacteria, thus indicating that PM is a media for antibiotic resistant plasmid spread. In addition, 125 μg/mL PM2.5 and PM10 significantly increased the conjugative transfer rate by 110% and 30%, respectively, and augmented reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Underlying mechanisms were revealed by identifying the upregulated expressional levels of genes related to ROS, SOS, cell membranes, pilus generation, and transposition via genome-wide RNA sequencing. The study highlights the airborne spread of multi-resistant plasmids and the impact of inhalable PM on the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance.
Project description:One decade of point-prevalence surveys for carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales: whole genome sequencing based prevalence and genetic characterization in a large Dutch teaching hospital from 2013-2022
Project description:This observational, prospective, multicentric study is being conducted to record the prevalence of KRAS mutations in the Argentine mCRC population.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE12923: Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 growth curve, tiling arrays. GSE12977: Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 growth curve GSE13108: Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 conditional ChIP-chip for transcription initiation factor IIB 4 (TFBd) GSE7045: ChIP-Chip of General Transcription factors in Halobacterium NRC-1 GSE15786: Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 ChIP-chip for TFBa, TFBd and TFBf, high resolution array GSE15788: Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 total RNA hybridization of TFBd overexpression versus Reference sample Despite knowledge of complex prokaryotic transcription mechanisms, generalized rules, such as the simplified organization of genes into operons with well-defined promoters and terminators, have played a significant role in systems analysis of regulatory logic in both bacteria and archaea. Here, we have investigated the prevalence of alternate regulatory mechanisms through genome-wide characterization of transcript structures of ~64% of all genes including putative non-coding RNAs in Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1. Our integrative analysis of transcriptome dynamics and protein-DNA interaction datasets revealed widespread environment-dependent modulation of operon architectures, transcription initiation and termination inside coding sequences, and extensive overlap in 3' ends of transcripts for many convergently transcribed genes. A significant fraction of these alternate transcriptional events correlate to binding locations of 11 transcription factors and regulators (TFs) inside operons and annotated genes - events usually considered spurious or non-functional. With experimental validation, we illustrate the prevalence of overlapping genomic signals in archaeal transcription, casting doubt on the general perception of rigid boundaries between coding sequences and regulatory elements Refer to individual Series
Project description:Despite knowledge of complex prokaryotic transcription mechanisms, generalized rules, such as the simplified organization of genes into operons with well-defined promoters and terminators, have played a significant role in systems analysis of regulatory logic in both bacteria and archaea. Here, we have investigated the prevalence of alternate regulatory mechanisms through genome-wide characterization of transcript structures of ~64% of all genes including putative non-coding RNAs in Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1. Our integrative analysis of transcriptome dynamics and protein-DNA interaction datasets revealed widespread environment-dependent modulation of operon architectures, transcription initiation and termination inside coding sequences, and extensive overlap in 3' ends of transcripts for many convergently transcribed genes. A significant fraction of these alternate transcriptional events correlate to binding locations of 11 transcription factors and regulators (TFs) inside operons and annotated genes - events usually considered spurious or non-functional. With experimental validation, we illustrate the prevalence of overlapping genomic signals in archaeal transcription, casting doubt on the general perception of rigid boundaries between coding sequences and regulatory elements This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.