Community disruptions in the oral microbiome of children living with HIV in early childhood caries development
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PROVIDER: PRJEB52879 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Comparative analysis of Severe Early Childhood Caries microbiome
| PRJNA454811 | ENA
Project description:<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> Dental caries is characterized by a dysbiotic shift at the biofilm-tooth surface interface, yet comprehensive biochemical characterizations of the biofilm are scant. We used metabolomics to identify biochemical features of the supragingival biofilm associated with early childhood caries (ECC) prevalence and severity. </p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> The study’s analytical sample comprised 289 children ages 3-5 (51% with ECC) who attended public preschools in North Carolina and were enrolled in a community-based cross-sectional study of early childhood oral health. Clinical examinations were conducted by calibrated examiners in community locations using ICDAS criteria. Supragingival plaque collected from the facial/buccal surfaces of all primary teeth in the upper-left quadrant were analyzed using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry. Associations between individual metabolites and 18 clinical traits (based on different ECC definitions and sets of tooth surfaces) were quantified using Brownian distance correlations (dCor) and linear regression modeling of log2-transformed values, applying a False Discovery Rate multiple testing correction. A tree-based pipeline optimization tool (TPOT)-machine learning process was used to identify the best-fitting ECC classification metabolite model. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> There were 503 named metabolites identified, including microbial, host and exogenous biochemicals. Most significant ECC-metabolite associations were positive (i.e., upregulations/enrichments). The localized ECC case definition (ICDAS≥1 caries experience within the surfaces from which plaque was collected) had the strongest correlation with the metabolome (dCor p=8x10-3). Sixteen metabolites were significantly associated with ECC after multiple testing correction, including: fucose (p=3.0x10-6) and N-acetylneuraminate (p=6.8x10-6) with higher ECC prevalence; catechin (p=4.7x10-6) and epicatechin (p=2.9x10-6) with lower. Catechin, epicatechin, imidazole propionate, fucose, 9,10-DiHOME, and N-acetylneuraminate were among the top 15 metabolites in terms of ECC classification importance in the automated TPOT model. </p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> These supragingival biofilm metabolite findings provide novel insights in ECC biology and can serve as the basis for the development of measures of disease activity or risk assessment.</p>
2021-01-29 | MTBLS2215 | MetaboLights
Project description:Genome-Wide Association Study of Early Childhood Caries: CIDR
| PRJNA671299 | ENA
Project description:Genome-Wide Association Study of Early Childhood Caries: CIDR
| PRJNA671298 | ENA
Project description:Oral Biofilm Composition and Phenotype in Caries-active and Caries-free Children Metagenome
| PRJNA1157018 | ENA
Project description:The development of early childhood caries (ECC) is closely related to the salivary microenvironment, but the role of host factors in the pathogenesis of ECC has not been fully characterized. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of ECC development and to search for salivary protein biomarkers that can predict ECC development by quantitative proteomic analysis of saliva host-derived proteins.
2024-01-17 | PXD048619 |
Project description:Childhood caries is an extremely common childhood chronic disease, affecting 60–90% of children in industrialized countries. It results in lesions in both the primary and permanent dentitions, hospitalizations and emergency room visits, high treatment costs, loss of school days, diminished ability to learn increases the risk of caries in adulthood. Streptococcus mutans is a key bacteria in caries development. While multiple caries risk factors have been identified, significant interpersonal variability not explained by known risk factors still exists. The immune system generates a personal antibody repertoire that helps maintain a balanced and healthy oral microbiome. Using mass-spectrometry, we probed in an hypothesis-free manner which S. mutans proteins are identified by antibodies of children with low and high DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) scores. We identified a core set of proteins, recognized by the immune system of most individuals. This set was enriched with proteins enabling bacterial adhesion, and included glucosyltransferases and glucan-binding proteins known to be important for S. mutans cariogenicity. To explore the physiological relevance of these findings, we tested the ability of saliva from caries free individuals in preventing S. mutans from binding to the tooth surface. Indeed, saliva from individuals with caries free prevented S. mutans binding to teeth. These findings map the S. mutans proteome targeted by the immune system and suggest that inhibiting tooth attachment is a primary mechanism used by the immune system to maintain oral balance and prevent caries. These findings provide new insights into the role of the immune system in maintaining oral health and preventing caries development.
2023-06-26 | PXD043103 | Pride
Project description:Background. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a potentially curative therapy for a wide range of pediatric malignant and nonmalignant diseases. However, complications, including blood stream infection (BSI) remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality. While certain bacteria that are abundant in the oral microbiome, such as S. mitis, can cause BSI, the role of the oral microbial community in the etiology of BSI is not well understood. The finding that the use of xylitol wipes, which specifically targets the cariogenic bacteria S. mutans is associated with reduced BSI in pediatric patients, lead us to investigate dental caries as a risk factor for BSI. Methods. A total of 41 pediatric patients admitted for allogenic or autologous HCT, age 8 months to 25 years, were enrolled. Subjects with high dental caries risk were identified as those who had dental restorations completed within 2 months of admission for transplant, or who had untreated decay. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine if there was a significant association between caries risk and BSI. Dental plaque and saliva were collected on a cotton swab from a subset of 4 high caries risk (HCR) and 4 low caries risk (LCR) children following pretransplant conditioning. 16SrRNA sequencing was used to compare the microbiome of HCR and LCR subjects and to identify microbes that were significantly different between the 2 groups. Results. There was a statistically significant association between caries risk and BSI (p<0.035) (Fisher’s exact test). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed children in the high dental caries risk group were 21.39 times more likely to have BSI, with no significant effect of age or mucositis severity. HCR subjects showed significantly reduced microbial alpha diversity as compared to LCR subjects. LEfse metagenomic analyses, showed the oral microbiome in HCR children enriched in order Lactobacillales. This order includes Streptococcus and Lactobacillus, both which contain bacteria primarily associated with dental caries. Discussion. These findings support the possibility that the cariogenic microbiome can enhance the risk of BSI in pediatric populations. Future metagenomic analyses to measure microbial differences at, before, and after conditioning related to caries risk, may further unravel the complex relationship between the oral microbiome, and whether it affects health outcomes such as BSI.
2022-04-05 | GSE199991 | GEO
Project description:The oral mycobiome of children with and without dental caries
| PRJEB28833 | ENA
Project description:ObjectiveEarly childhood caries (ECC) has become a prevalent public health problem among Chinese preschool children. The bacterial microflora is considered to be an important factor in the formation and progress of dental caries. However, high-throughput and large-scale studies of the primary dentition are lacking. The present study aimed to compare oral microbial profiles between children with severe ECC (SECC) and caries-free children.MethodsBoth saliva and supragingival plaque samples were obtained from children with SECC (n = 20) and caries-free children (n = 20) aged 3 to 4 years. The samples were assayed using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM).ResultsA total of 379 bacterial species were detected in both the saliva and supragingival plaque samples from all children. Thirteen (including Streptococcus) and two (Streptococcus and Actinomyces) bacterial species in supragingival plaque and saliva, respectively, showed significant differences in prevalence between the two groups. Of these, the frequency of Streptococcus mutans detection was significantly higher in both saliva (p = 0.026) and plaque (p = 0.006) samples from the SECC group than in those from the caries-free group.ConclusionsThe findings of our study revealed differences in the oral microbiota between the SECC and caries-free groups Several genera, including Streptococcus, Porphyromonas, and Actinomyces, are strongly associated with SECC and can be potential biomarkers of dental caries in the primary dentition.
| S-EPMC4378984 | biostudies-literature