Project description:In this randomised placebo-controlled trial, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients were treated with faecal material from a healthy donor (n=8, allogenic FMT) or with their own faecal microbiota (n=8, autologous FMT). The faecal transplant was administered by whole colonoscopy into the caecum (30 g of stool in 150 ml sterile saline). Two weeks before the FMT (baseline) as well as two and eight weeks after the FMT, the participants underwent a sigmoidoscopy, and biopsies were collected at a standardised location (20-25 cm from the anal verge at the crossing with the arteria iliaca communis) from an uncleansed sigmoid. In patients treated with allogenic FMT, predominantly immune response-related genes sets were induced, with the strongest response two weeks after FMT. In patients treated with autologous FMT, predominantly metabolism-related gene sets were affected.
Project description:Comparison of faecal flora of three healthy individuals and a patient suffering from Ulcerative Colitis during disease and remission states. Faecal samples were taken and frozen at -80 within one hour.
Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to increase globally, thus identification of mechanisms that prevent cancer are sorely needed. The microbiota has emerged as a key driver of CRC pathogenesis; however, little is known regarding how specific microbes might prevent CRC. Using transplantation of the microbiota from individuals with or without CRC into germfree mice, we identified that the microbiota harbored by non-diseased individuals can reduce tumor formation and Bacteroides uniformis was a potentially protective member of the microbiota. Single cell sequencing of CD45+ immune cells within the MC38 tumor shows a change in T and NK cell populations with B. uniformis treatment. T cell deficient mice were still protected from CRC in response to B. uniformis treatment, while NK cell depletion eradicated microbe-mediated protection. B. uniformis is reduced in individuals with CRC and thus our data identify B. uniformis as a microbe enriched in healthy individuals that can reduce tumor formation through enhanced NK cell activity.
Project description:Analysis of variation in subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression in response to dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, as assessed in a cohot of individuals with metabolic syndrome. Outcomes from this study provide insight on molecular details of dietary effects on gene expression and metabolic health. Subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were taken from a cohort of seventeen individuals with metabolic syndrome. Habitual intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was assessed with 3-day weighed food journals.
Project description:To further decipher the alteration of gene expression profile of irradiated mice with or without faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), we performed FMT for 10 days following total body irradiaton (6.5 Gy gamma ray). Twenty-one days after irradiation, the mice were euthanized and the small intestine tissues excised.
Project description:Age-dependent changes of the gut-associated microbiome have been linked to increased frailty and systemic inflammation. This study found that age-associated changes of the gut microbiome of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice could be reverted by co-housing of aged (22 months old) and adult (3 months old) mice for 30-40 days or faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from adult into aged mice. This was demonstrated using high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene isolated from faecal pellets collected from 3-4 months old adult and 22-23 months old aged mice before and after co-housing or FMT.
Project description:Transplantation of fecal virome from healthy individuals remodels the gut bacteriome and virome and reduces metabolic syndrome in mice.
