Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression level changes in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line hepG2 in regular culture, hepG2-slug in regular culture and hepG2-slug on Matrigel. Whole genome gene expression level changes have been compared in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line hepG2 in regular culture, hepG2-slug in regular culture and hepG2-slug on Matrigel.
Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression level changes in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line hepG2 in regular culture, hepG2-slug in regular culture and hepG2-slug on Matrigel. Whole genome gene expression level changes have been compared in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line hepG2 in regular culture, hepG2-slug in regular culture and hepG2-slug on Matrigel. Roche NimbleGen micro-array analysis was employed to assess global genome expression in HepG2 in regular culture, HepG2-slug in regular culture and HepG2-slug on Matrigel. The results demonstrated that the up-regulated genes and the down-regulated genes increased significantly when HepG2-slug cells with VM forming ablity were cultured on Matrigel and formed VM.
Project description:Elysia crispata is a tropical sea slug Sacoglossa is a superorder of marine sea slugs, of which a few speciesthat can retain intracellular functional chloroplasts from their its algae prey, a mechanism termed kleptoplasty. Elysia crispata is a tropical species of Sacoglossa that can feed through this mechanism on and acquire chloroplasts from a variety of macroalgae. Thisese sea slugs, as other gastropods, produce mucus, a viscous secretion with multiple functions, such as lubrication, protection, and locomotion. This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of the mucus proteome of the sea slug E. crispata using gel electrophoresis and HPLC-MS/MS. We identified 306 proteins in the mucus secretions of this animal, despite the limited entries for E. crispata in the Uniprot database. The reproducibility of the mucus sampling technique was evaluated revealing no significant differences in protein abundance across samples. The functional annotation of the mucus proteome using Gene Ontology identified proteins involved in different functions such as hydrolase activity (molecular function), carbohydrate-derived metabolic processes (biological processes) and cytoskeletal organization (cell component). Moreover, a high proportion of proteins with enzymatic activity in the mucus of E. crispata suggests potential biotechnological applications including antimicrobial and antitumor activities. Putative antimicrobial properties are reinforced by the high abundance of hydrolases. This study also identified proteins common in mucus samples from various species, supporting a common mechanism of mucus in protecting cells and tissues while facilitating animal movement. This study highlights the need for further research to fully understand the roles of these proteins in mucus, their potential impact on animal physiology, and the influence of genetics, and environmental factors, including the type of mucus, on protein composition and relative abundance.
Project description:Background: The well-characterized function of the transcriptional repressor, Slug, is to promote EMT and tumor invasion/metastasis by down-regulating E-cadherin expression. In this study, we investigated the significance of Slug during the S phase. Method: Slug mRNA expression was isolated from thymidine-arrested CL1-5/AS2neo (control) and CL1-5/AS2neo-Slug-WT stable cells. The Agilent oligonucleotide microarray analysis was performed to identify Slug downstream genes. Results: Overexpression of Slug inhibited lung [3H]-thymidine incorporation and delayed S phase progression. By using Agilent microarray we have identified panel of genes altered by Slug overexpression. Slug can down-regulate target genes about cell cycle networks for DNA replication, DNA replication checkpoint and genomic stability, such as TOP1, ORC4, RFC3, and Rad17. Conclusions: the multifaceted role of Slug in cancer progression by controlling the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and genome stability.
Project description:Sea urchins are emblematic marine animals with a rich fossil record and represent instrumental models for developmental biology. As echinoderms, sea urchins display several characteristics that set them apart from other deuterostomes such as their highly regulative embryonic development and their unique pentaradial adult body plan. To determine whether these characteristics are linked to particular genomic rearrangement or gene regulatory rewiring, we introduce a chromosome-scale genome assembly for sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus as well as extensive transcriptomic and epigenetic profiling during its embryonic development. We found that sea urchins show opposite modalities of genome evolution as compared to those of vertebrates: they retained ancestral chromosomal linkages that otherwise underwent mixing in vertebrates, while their intrachromosomal gene order has evolved much faster between sea urchin species that split 60 Myr ago than it did in vertebrates. We further assessed the conservation of the cis-regulatory program between sea urchins and chordates and identified conserved modules despite the developmental and body plan differences. We documented regulatory events underlying processes like zygotic genome activation and transition to larval stage in sea urchins. We also identified a burst of gene duplication in the echinoid lineage and showed that some of these expanded genes are involved in organismal novelties, such as Aristotle's lantern, tube feet, or in the specification of lineages through for instance the pmar1 and pop genes. Altogether, our results suggest that gene regulatory networks controlling development can be conserved despite extensive gene order rearrangement.
Project description:Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are proposed to be responsible for metastatic dissemination and clinical relapse in a variety of cancers. Analogies between CSCs and normal tissue stem cells (SC) has led to the notion that CSCs often co-opt the normal SC program of their tissue-of-origin. The cell-biological program termed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been found to encourage entrance of normal and neoplastic mammary cells into the corresponding SC states. Using genetically engineered knock-in reporter mouse lines, we demonstrate that in the murine mammary lineage, the paralogous EMT-inducing transcription factors Snail and Slug, are selectively exploited by CSCs and normal SCs respectively. Slug, when expressed at physiological levels, only activates a partial EMT program and is dispensable in CSCs. In contrast, Snail drives a far more complete transition into the mesenchymal state and controls both tumor-initiation and metastatic dissemination. Consistent with their functional distinctions, Snail controls far more target genes than Slug, and their distinct functions are determined by their divergent N-terminal domains. Our findings underscore fundamental distinctions between the SC program operating in normal and neoplastic SCs, and hint for potential avenues of selective therapeutic elimination of breast CSCs. We sought to understand differential ability to activate the EMT program in breast cancer cells by transcription factors Snail and Slug. Hence, we mapped genome-wide Snail and Slug binding sites in murine MMTV-PyMT breast cancer cell lines that express high level of Snail or high level of Slug respectively. Specifically, we performed Snail ChIP seq in the mesenchymal pBl.3G cells, and Slug ChIP-seq in the epithelial pBl.1G cells.