Project description:Callogenesis, the process during which explants derived from differentiated plant tissues are subjected to a de-differentiation step characterized by the proliferation of an unorganized mass of cells, is fundamental to indirect organogenesis and the establishment of cell suspension cultures. There-fore, understanding how callogenesis takes place is helpful to plant tissue culture, as well as to plant biotechnology and bioprocess engineering. The common herbaceous plant stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) is a species producing cellulosic fibres (the bast fibres) and a whole array of phytochemicals of pharmacological and cosmeceutical use. It is thus of interest as a potential multi-purpose plant. In this study, callogenesis in internode explants of a nettle fibre clone (clone 13) was studied using RNA-Seq to understand which gene ontologies predominate at different time points. Callogenesis was induced with the plant growth regulators α-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) after having determined their optimal concentrations. The process was studied over a period of 34 days, time point at which a well visible callus mass developed on the explants. The bioinformatic analysis of the transcriptomic dataset revealed specific gene ontologies charac-terizing each of the four time points investigated (0, 1, 10 and 34 days-D). The results show that while the advanced stage of callogenesis is characterized by the iron deficiency response triggered by the high levels of reactive oxygen species accumulated by the proliferating cell mass, the intermediate and early phases are dominated by ontologies related to immune response and cell wall loosening, respectively.
Project description:The larvacean, Oikopleura dioica, is a planktonic chordate and belongs to tunicate that is the closest relative to vertebrates. Its simple and transparent body, invariant embryonic cell lineages and short life cycle of five days make it a promising model organism for research in developmental biology. The genome browser, OikoBase, has been established in 2013 using Norwegian O. dioica. However, genome information of other populations is not available, despite that many researchers have used local populations. In the present study, we sequenced genome of O. dioica of a southwestern Japanese population using RNA-Seq data. These RNA-Seq data covers expressions in 8 cell and 12 hours post fertilization (HPF) embryos of Animal(A), Vegetal(V) and whole-embryo regions, as well as whole embryo of 13 stages, including OD_STAGE01 (unfertilized egg), OD_STAGE02 (fertilized egg), OD_STAGE03 (2-cell), OD_STAGE04 (4-cell), OD_STAGE05 (8-cell), OD_STAGE06 (16-cell), OD_STAGE07 (32-cell), OD_STAGE08 (1.5 hours post fertilization), OD_STAGE09 (2.5 hours post fertilization, tadpole larvae), OD_STAGE10 (3 hours post fertilization, hatched larvae), OD_STAGE11 (5 hours post fertilization, early organogenesis), OD_STAGE12 (8 hours post fertilization, late organogenesis), OD_STAGE13 (10 hours post fertilization, juvenile), Adult male and Adult female. These genome assembly, transcript assembly, and transcript models are incorporated into the ANISEED (https://www.aniseed.cnrs.fr/) for genome browsing and blast searches. The genome and transcriptome resources will be useful datasets for developmental biology, evolutionary biology and molecular ecology using this model organism.
Project description:Under crowded, nutrient-limiting conditions, growth in the marine chordate O. dioica arrests until favorable conditions return. We profiled translation genome-wide using ribosome profiling in O. dioica during growth arrest and growth arrest recovery. We found that initial recovery is independent of nutrient-responsive, trans-spliced genes, suggesting that animal density is the primary trigger for the resumption of development in this species.