Single cell ATAC-seq of neural crest derivatives in mouse embryos
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1002777 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Neural crest cells are multipotent embryonic progenitors that give rise to a large number of cell types in a vertebrate embryo, thus, sometimes being considered as a 4th germ layer. Neural crest cells originate within the dorsal neural tube at the time of its closure, delaminate and migrate to multiple destinations. The paths of fate selection and differentiation in the neural crest cells are not fully understood. The analysis of open chromatin regions at single cell level will help to clarify the genetic programs behind the development of a vagal neural crest stream.
2023-09-01 | GSE240190 | GEO
Project description:Ectoderm-derived neural crest is a transient structure arising during early embryogenesis in vertebrates. Neural crest consists of four derivatives based on their anterior- to posterior location along the body axis; cranial, vagal, trunk and sacral, respectively. We recently showed that trunk neural crest-specific gene MOXD1 functions as a tumor suppressor in trunk neural crest-derived childhood cancer form neuroblastoma and is essential for proper development of healthy adrenal glands. However, the role of MOXD1 during early embryogenesis is not known. Here, we conditionally knocked out MOXD1 in trunk neural crest cells before they become lineage-committed, using a CRISPR/Cas9 approach in chick embryos. Assessment of embryo growth showed that knockout of MOXD1 delayed development with knockout embryos being smaller. RNA sequencing of trunk-derived neural crest cells from control and knockout embryos showed enrichment of genes connected to gland development, copper ion metabolism and neuroblastoma progression. In conclusion, MOXD1 is important during early and prolonged embryonic development with effects on gland formation, possibly mediated via its role in copper metabolism.
2023-09-13 | GSE242700 | GEO
Project description:Neural crest cells migrate extensively in vertebrate embryos to populate diverse derivatives including ganglia of the peripheral nervous system. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that tell migrating trunk neural crest cells to settle at selected sites in the embryo by ceasing migration and initiating differentiation programs.
2019-11-02 | GSE139859 | GEO
Project description:The cranial neural crest (CNC) is a vertebrate-specific population that generates a huge diversity of derivatives, including the bulk of the connective and skeletal tissues of the head. How neural crest cells generate the appropriate cell types for distinct head regions over time remains unresolved. Here we profile RNA expression (scRNAseq) and chromatin accessibility (snATACseq) of the zebrafish cranial neural crest lineage at single-cell resolution from embryos to adults.
2021-11-11 | GSE178969 | GEO
Project description:Neural cest cells are a transient stem cell-like population appearing during vertebrate embryonic development. Generation of the cranial neural crest is known to require a balanced combination of FGF and BMP levels. However, it is poorly understood how the functions of such growth factors are controlled in the extracellular spaces. Here we identifiy the extracelluar matrix protein anosmin (Gga.14976.1.S1_at, clone ChEST132d10) as a novel molecule synthesized locally in the cranial neural crest of chicken embryos. Cranial neural folds (NF) and ventral neural plates (NP) were dissected from Hamburger & Hamilton stage 8 (HH8) embryos (80 to 14 embryos, n=4), and total RNA was analyzed using a GeneChip chicken genome arrays (Affymetrix)
2012-05-31 | E-GEOD-38381 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: The goal of this study was to determine the transcriptional consequences of norepinephrine transporter (NET) gene deletion in noradrenergic neuron differentiation. The norepinephrine transporter (NET) is the target of powerful mind-altering substances, such as tricyclic antidepressants and the drug of abuse, cocaine. NET function in adult noradrenergic neurons of the peripheral and central nervous systems is that of a scavenger that internalizes norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft. By contrast, norepinephrine (NE) transport has a different role in embryogenesis. It promotes differentiation of neural crest cells and locus ceruleus progenitors into noradrenergic neurons, whereas NET inhibitors, such as the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine and the drug of abuse, cocaine, inhibit noradrenergic differentiation. While NET structure und regulation of NET function is well described, little is known about downstream targets of NE transport. Results: We have determined by long serial analysis of gene expression (LongSAGE) the gene expression profiles of in vitro differentiating wild type and norepinephrine transporter-deficient (NETKO) neural crest derivatives. Comparison analyses with the wild type library (GSM 105765) have identified a number of important differentially expressed genes, including genes relevant to noradrenergic neuron differentiation and to the phenotype of NETKO mice. Furthermore we have identified novel differentially expressed genes. Conclusions: Loss of NET function during embryonic development deregulates signaling pathways that are critically involved in neural crest formation and noradrenergic neuron differentiation. The library was constructed from total RNA of 60 neural crest culture at culture day 7. The neural tubes were dissected from E9.5 embryos that lack the norepinephrine transporter gene.
2008-06-23 | E-GEOD-11788 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:During development, neural crest cells are induced by signaling events at the neural plate border of all vertebrate embryos. Initially arising within the central nervous system, NC cells subsequently undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition to migrate into the periphery, where they differentiate into diverse cell types. Here we provide evidence that postnatal human epidermal keratinocytes, in response to FGF2 and IGF1 signals, can be reprogrammed toward a neural crest fate. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses show that keratinocyte-derived NC cells are similar to those derived from human embryonic stem cells. Moreover, they give rise in vitro and in vivo to neural crest derivatives such as peripheral neurons, melanocytes, Schwann cells and mesenchymal cells (osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes and smooth muscle). By demonstrating that human KRT14+ keratinocytes can form neural crest cells, even from clones of single cells, our results have important implications in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine.
2016-11-20 | GSE72268 | GEO
Project description:Neural cest cells are a transient stem cell-like population appearing during vertebrate embryonic development. Generation of the cranial neural crest is known to require a balanced combination of FGF and BMP levels. However, it is poorly understood how the functions of such growth factors are controlled in the extracellular spaces. Anosmin is an extracellular matrix protein implicated in FGF signaling and mutated in Kallmann syndrome. Here, we demonstrate that anosmin (Gga.14976.1.S1_at, clone ChEST132d10) is synthesized locally in the cranial neural crest of chicken embryos and is essential for cranial neural crest formation. Anosmin upregulates FGF8 and BMP5 gene expression; it also enhances FGF8 activity while inhibiting BMP5 and WNT3a signaling. Taken together, our data establish that the matrix protein anosmin is required for cranial neural crest formation, with funtional modulation of FGF, BMP, and WNT.
2012-06-01 | GSE38381 | GEO
Project description:Generation of CNS neural stem cells and PNS derivatives from neural crest derived peripheral stem cells
| PRJNA245191 | ENA
Project description:Developmental potential is progressively restricted after germ layer specification during gastrulation. However, cranial neural crest cells challenge this paradigm, as they develop from anterior ectoderm yet give rise to both mesodermal derivatives of the craniofacial skeleton and ectodermal derivatives of the peripheral nervous system. How cranial neural crest cells differentiate into multiple lineages is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that cranial neural crest cells possess a transient state of increased chromatin accessibility; and that the earliest premigratory neural crest are biased towards either a neuronal or ectomesenchymal fate, with each lineage expressing distinct factors from the pluripotent state. We profile the spatiotemporal emergence of each neural crest population and demonstrate that the ectomesenchymal lineage forms prior to the neuronal progenitors. Expression of the pluripotency microRNA family miR-302 is maintained in cranial neural crest cells and genetic deletion leads to precocious specification of the ectomesenchymal lineage. We find that miR-302 directly targets Sox9 to slow the timing of ectomesenchyme induction and regulates multiple genes involved in chromatin condensation to maintain accessibility for neuronal differentiation. Loss of mir-302 results in reduced chromatin accessibility in the neuronal progenitor lineage of neural crest and a reduction in peripheral neuron differentiation. Our findings reveal a post-transcriptional mechanism governed by miRNAs from pluripotency as an important mechanism to expand developmental potential of cranial neural crest.
2022-10-25 | GSE216136 | GEO