Project description:We performed single-cell ATACseq on the four populations (MBC, prePB, PB and PC) generated during normal plasma cell differentiation
Project description:We performed single-cell RNAseq on the four populations (MBC, prePB, PB and PC) generated during normal plasma cell differentiation
Project description:Germinal centers (GC) are microstructures where B cells that have been activated by antigen can improve the affinity of their B cell receptors and differentiate into memory B cells (MBCs) or antibody secreting plasma cells. Here we have addressed the role of Activation Induced Deaminase (AID), which initiates somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination, in the terminal differentiation of GC B cells. By combining single cell transcriptome and immunoglobulin clonal analysis in a mouse model that traces AID-experienced cells, we have identified a novel subset of late prePB cells (L-prePB), which shares the strongest clonal relationships with PBs. Mice lacking AID have various alterations in the size and expression profiles of transcriptional clusters. We find that AID deficiency leads to a reduced proportion of L-prePB cells and severely impairs transitions between the L-prePB and the PB subsets. Thus, AID shapes the differentiation fate of GC B cells by enabling PB generation from a prePB state.
Project description:Plasma cells are key components of humoral immunity by secreting antibodies and providing protection against pathogens. These cells can be of IgM, IgA, or IgG subclass and migrate to class-specific niches. Localization and rareness of plasma cells make it challenge to define subclass-specific molecular hallmarks. Here, we describe how in-vitro differentiation of peripheral B-cells results in antibody-secreting plasma cells. Using a single-cell multi-modal sequencing approach (RAID) we find subclass-specific hallmark transcriptional profiles, surface protein expression and signaling pathway activation.
Project description:To explore events that govern the differentiation of human naïve B cells (NBCs) into memory B cells and plasma cells (PCs), we designed an in vitro 2-step culture model leading non-switched NBC precursors to differentiate into two cell compartments: CD20loCD38hi and CD20+CD38+. Both populations are characterized by distinct cell fates, the former one corresponding to plasmablasts that undergo PC terminal differentiation, with intermingled relationship between cell division and bona fide differentiation two events that are usually viewed as mutually exclusive. Postulating that extracellular cues mediated by distinct receptor-ligand interactions are likely involved in this phenomenon we explored one by one factors used in our model and found that T-cell-produced IL-2 was critical for the PC’s commitment. Interestingly, this IL-2 effect operates independently of proliferation and survival functions and required an ERK signaling. Based on our study we proposed to complete previous scheme of PRDM1/Blimp-1 controlling PC differentiation by adding the T-cell-delivered IL-2 effect, which sustains indirectly the mitogenic-induced Blimp-1 expression by downregulating IRF8 and BACH2 via an ERK signal This study highlight early events that could take place when cognate B and T cells meet and interact before seeding follicle, where crucial inputs may condition final GC B destiny. GEP was performed on the RNA of purified B cells from 3 healthy blood donors, stimulated at Day 0 and with addition or not of IL-2. Four time points were assessed Day 0, Day 0+16h, Day 0+22h and Day 4.