Transcriptomic analysis reveals regulation of adipogenesis via long non-coding RNA, alternative splicing, and alternative polyadenylation
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1054466 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Obesity is characterized by dysregulated adipogenesis leading to increased number and/or size of adipocytes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing regulation of adipogenesis is therefore key to designing therapeutic interventions against obesity. In our study, we analyzed 3’-end sequencing data generated from sequencing of human preadipocytes and adipocytes, as well as data available in publicly available databases, to propose mechanisms of molecular regulation of adipogenesis. We discovered lncRNAs that have not been previously characterized but may be key regulators of both brown and white adipogenesis. We also demonstrated possible mechanisms of direct or indirect regulation of adipogenesis through alternative splicing. Finally, we show that usage of alternative polyadenylation sites of key adipogenesis genes leads to isoform diversity, which can have significant biological consequences on differentiation efficiency. Therefore, our research reveals potential therapeutic avenues for obesity through manipulation of long non-coding RNA levels, alternative splicing as well as the usage of alternative polyadenylation sites.
2024-08-01 | GSE250525 | GEO
Project description:Alternative polyadenylation has been implicated as an important regulator of gene expression. In some cases, alternative polyadenylation is known to couple with alternative splicing to influence last intron removal. However, it is unknown whether alternative polyadenylation events influence alternative splicing decisions at upstream exons. Knockdown of the polyadenylation factors CFIm25 or CstF64 was used as an approach in identifying alternative polyadenylation and alternative splicing events on a genome-wide scale. Although hundreds of alternative splicing events were found to be differentially spliced in the knockdown of CstF64, genes associated with alternative polyadenylation did not exhibit an increased incidence of alternative splicing. These results demonstrate that the coupling between alternative polyadenylation and alternative splicing is usually limited to defining the last exon. The striking influence of CstF64 knockdown on alternative splicing can be explained through its effects on UTR selection of known splicing regulators such as hnRNP A2/B1, thereby indirectly influencing splice site selection. We conclude that changes in the expression of the polyadenylation factor CstF64 influences alternative splicing through indirect effects. HeLa cell line was stably transfected with shRNA plasmids targeting CstF64. Total RNA was isolated from CstF64 KD cells and wild-type control cells using Trizol according to manufacturerâs protocols. Samples were deep sequenced in duplicate using the Illumina GAIIx system.
2016-03-14 | E-GEOD-79157 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Alternative polyadenylation has been implicated as an important regulator of gene expression. In some cases, alternative polyadenylation is known to couple with alternative splicing to influence last intron removal. However, it is unknown whether alternative polyadenylation events influence alternative splicing decisions at upstream exons. Knockdown of the polyadenylation factors CFIm25 or CstF64 was used as an approach in identifying alternative polyadenylation and alternative splicing events on a genome-wide scale. Although hundreds of alternative splicing events were found to be differentially spliced in the knockdown of CstF64, genes associated with alternative polyadenylation did not exhibit an increased incidence of alternative splicing. These results demonstrate that the coupling between alternative polyadenylation and alternative splicing is usually limited to defining the last exon. The striking influence of CstF64 knockdown on alternative splicing can be explained through its effects on UTR selection of known splicing regulators such as hnRNP A2/B1, thereby indirectly influencing splice site selection. We conclude that changes in the expression of the polyadenylation factor CstF64 influences alternative splicing through indirect effects.
2016-03-14 | GSE79157 | GEO
Project description:Identification of WTAP complex-regulated alternative splicing/polyadenylation
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Project description:Alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) results in mRNA isoforms containing different 3’ untranslated regions (3’UTRs) and/or coding sequences. How core cleavage and polyadenylation (C/P) factors regulate APA is not well understood. Using siRNA knockdown coupled with deep sequencing, we found that several C/P factors can play significant roles in 3’UTR-APA. Whereas Pcf11 and Fip1 enhance usage of proximal poly(A) sites (pAs), CFI-25/68, PABPN1, and PABPC1 promote usage of distal pAs. Strong cis element biases were found for pAs regulated by CFI or Fip1, and the distance between pAs plays an important role in APA regulation. In addition, intronic pAs are substantially regulated by splicing factors, with U1 mostly influencing C/P events in 5’ introns and U2 impacting those in efficiently spliced introns. Furthermore, PABPN1 regulates expression of transcripts with pAs near the transcription start site, a property possibly related to its role in RNA degradation. Finally, we found that groups of APA events regulated by C/P factors are also modulated in cell differentiation and development with distinct trends. Together, our results indicate that the abundance of different C/P factors and splicing factors plays diverse roles in APA, and is relevant to APA regulation in biological conditions. knockdown experiments of 23 C/P factors, 3 splicing factors and U1D in mouse C2C12 myoblast cells
2015-04-01 | E-GEOD-62001 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Through combined comprehensive analysis of AS events via RNAi, coupled with RNA-seq analysis, we demonstrate that the WTAP complex core factors WTAP, VIRMA, KIAA0853 and CBLL1 function as splicing regulators to promote exon skipping and intron retention, several of which occur in the last exon with competition between splicing and polyadenylation. The regulated alternative splicing (AS) events involve short introns/exons with higher GC content and introns with weaker polypyrimidine-tract and branch points. Further analysis of GC-rich sequences of WTAP-regulated AS events revealed potential G-quadruplex formation.
2021-09-23 | GSE167067 | GEO
Project description:Circadian clock regulation of alternative splicing and alternative polyadenylation in Arabidopsis thaliana
| PRJNA566413 | ENA
Project description:Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) represents one of the fastest-spreading plants in the world, due in part to their well-developed rhizomes system. However, the post-transcriptional regulation mechanism has not been comprehensively studied for the development of rhizome system in bamboo. We therefore used single-molecule long-read sequencing technology to re-annotate the bamboo genome, and genome-wide identify alternative splicing (AS) and alternative polyadenylation (APA) in the rhizomes system. In total, 145,522 mapped full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads were analyzed, resulting in the correction of 2,241 mis-annotated genes and identification of 8,091 previously unannotated loci. Markedly, more than 42,280 contiguous exon connectivity were derived from full-length splicing isoforms, including a large number of AS events that associated with rhizome systems. In addition, we characterized 25,069 polyadenylation sites from 11,450 genes, 6,311 of which have APA sites. Further analysis of intronic polyadenylation revealed that LTR/Gypsy and LTR/Copia were two major transposable elements (TEs) within the intronic polyadenylation region. Furthermore, this study provided a quantitative altas of poly(A) usage and identified several hundreds of differential poly(A) sites in rhizome-root system using a combination of polyadenylation site sequencing (PAS-seq) and PacBio reads. Taken together, these results suggest that posttranscriptional regulation may potentially play vital role in the underground rhizome-root system.
2017-05-10 | GSE90517 | GEO
Project description:Obesity is characterized by dysregulated adipogenesis that leads to increased number and/or size of adipocytes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing adipogenesis is therefore key to designing therapeutic interventions against obesity. In our study, we analyzed 3'-end sequencing data that we generated from human preadipocytes and adipocytes, as well as previously published RNA-seq datasets, to elucidate mechanisms of regulation via long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), alternative splicing (AS) and alternative polyadenylation (APA). We discovered lncRNAs that have not been previously characterized but may be key regulators of white adipogenesis. We also detected 100 AS events and, using motif enrichment analysis, identified RNA binding proteins (RBPs) that could mediate exon skipping-the most prevalent AS event. In addition, we show that usage of alternative poly(A) sites in introns or 3'-UTRs of key adipogenesis genes leads to isoform diversity, which can have significant biological consequences on differentiation efficiency. We also identified RBPs that may modulate APA and defined how 3'-UTR APA can regulate gene expression through gain or loss of specific microRNA binding sites. Taken together, our bioinformatics-based analysis reveals potential therapeutic avenues for obesity through manipulation of lncRNA levels and the profile of mRNA isoforms via alternative splicing and polyadenylation.
| S-EPMC11266407 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Divergence of alternative polyadenylation in mouse
| PRJEB15336 | ENA