Fluorinated rhodacyanines induce apoptosis via mitochondrial damage and cell cycle arrest
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1056264 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Rhodacyanine, a series of cyanines derived from rhodanine, exerts anticancer effects. This study intended to uncover the biological mechanism underlying the anticancer effects of a a fluorinated rhodacyanine in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Initially, the cytotoxic activities of 15 compounds were screened, Rho-7 exhibited the most effective compound against Hela cell growth with IC50 values at 0.03 µM. Interestingly, Rho-7-targeted mitochondrial damage leads to cancer cell death by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Additionally, Rho-7 can trigger Hela cells to undergo apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Rho-7 could downregulate the expression of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 genes or upregulate the level of pro-apoptotic Bad and Bik genes. Our findings suggest that the anticancer activity of Rho-7 involve ROS generation, cell cycle arrest and apoptotic induction, as well as alteration of pro-and anti-apoptotic genes, displaying a therapeutic potential of Rho-7 in cervical cancer treatment.
2024-01-01 | GSE251969 | GEO
Project description:The tumor suppressor p53 is mainly involved in the transcriptional regulation of a large number of growth-arrest- and apoptosis-related genes. However, a clear understanding of which factor/s influences the choice between these two opposing p53- dependent outcomes remains largely elusive. We have previously described that in response to DNA damage, the RNA polymerase II binding protein Che-1/AATF transcriptionally activates p53. Here, we show that Che-1 binds directly p53. This interaction essentially occurs in the first hours of DNA damage, whereas it is lost when cells undergo to apoptosis in response to post-transcriptional modifications. Moreover, Che-1 sits in a ternary complex with p53 and the oncosuppressor Brca1. Accordingly, our analysis of genome-wide chromatin occupancy by p53 revealed that p53/Che1 interaction results in preferential transactivation of growth-arrest p53 target genes over its pro-apoptotic target genes. Notably, exposure of Che-1+/- mice to ionizing radiations resulted in enhanced apoptosis of thymocytes, compared to wild-type mice. These results confirm Che-1 as an important regulator of p53 activity and suggest Che-1 to be a promising yet attractive drug target for cancer therapy.
2015-06-01 | GSE60267 | GEO
Project description:Lentiviral accessory genes enhance replication through diverse mechanisms. HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr modulates the host DNA damage response (DDR) at multiple steps through DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, the degradation of host proteins, and both the activation and repression of DDR signaling. Vpr also alters host and viral transcription; however, the connection between Vpr-mediated DDR modulation and transcriptional activation remains unclear. Here, we determined the cellular consequences of Vpr-induced DNA damage using Vpr mutants that allow us to separate the ability of Vpr to induce DNA damage from cell cycle arrest and other DDR phenotypes including host protein degradation and repression of DDR. RNA-sequencing of cells expressing Vpr or Vpr mutants identified that Vpr alters cellular transcription through mechanisms both dependent and independent of cell cycle arrest. In tissue-cultured U2OS cells and primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), Vpr-induced DNA damage activates the ATM-NEMO pathway and alters cellular transcription via NF-κB/RelA signaling. HIV-1 infection of primary MDMs validated Vpr-dependent NF-κB transcriptional activation during infection. Both virion delivered and de novo expressed Vpr induced DNA damage and activated ATM-NEMO dependent NF-κB transcription, suggesting that engagement of the DDR and transcriptional reprogramming can occur during early and late stages of viral replication. Together, our data identifies a mechanism by which Vpr activates NF-κB through DNA damage and the ATM-NEMO pathway, which occur independent of cell cycle arrest. We propose this is essential to overcoming restrictive environments, such as in macrophages, to enhance viral transcription and replication.
2024-08-23 | GSE253779 | GEO
Project description:For studing dynamic transcriptome profiling in DNA damage-induced cellular senescence and transient cell-cycle arrest, samples were treated with the DNA-damaging agent bleomycin at 0 ug/ml, 2 ug/ml and 40 ug/ml for 2 h. High-resolution time course analysis of gene expression in DNA damage-induced cellular senescence and transient cell-cycle arrest was used to explore the transcriptomic differences between different cell fates after DNA damage response.
2018-03-27 | GSE112068 | GEO
Project description:Lip-1 induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and pyroptosis in K562 cells
| PRJNA843318 | ENA
Project description:After DNA damage, cells activate p53, a tumor suppressor gene, and select a cell fate (e.g., DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, or apoptosis). Recently, a p53 oscillatory behavior was observed following DNA damage. However, the relationship between this p53 oscillation and cell-fate selection is unclear. Here, we present a novel model of the DNA damage signaling pathway that includes p53 and whole cell cycle regulation and explore the relationship between p53 oscillation and cell fate selection. The simulation run without DNA damage qualitatively realized experimentally observed data from several cell cycle regulators, indicating that our model was biologically appropriate. Moreover, the comprehensive sensitivity analysis for the proposed model was implemented by changing the values of all kinetic parameters, which revealed that the cell cycle regulation system based on the proposed model has robustness on a fluctuation of reaction rate in each process. Simulations run with four different intensities of DNA damage, i.e. Low-damage, Medium-damage, High-damage, and Excess-damage, realized cell cycle arrest in all cases. Low-damage, Medium-damage, High-damage, and Excess-damage corresponded to the DNA damage caused by 100, 200, 400, and 800 J/m(2) doses of UV-irradiation, respectively, based on expression of p21, which plays a crucial role in cell cycle arrest. In simulations run with High-damage and Excess-damage, the length of the cell cycle arrest was shortened despite the severe DNA damage, and p53 began to oscillate. Cells initiated apoptosis and were killed at 400 and 800 J/m(2) doses of UV-irradiation, corresponding to High-damage and Excess-damage, respectively. Therefore, our model indicated that the oscillatory mode of p53 profoundly affects cell fate selection.
2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000939 | BioModels
Project description:Lapatinib, a widely used dual EGFR and ERBB2 inhibitor, have been seriously limited due to skin rash, one of its most common adverse effects caused by EGFR inhibitors in clinical. Here, we found that lapatinib could induce mitochondrial dysfunction, lead to DNA damage and finally cause apoptosis of keratinocytes according to the RNA-sequencing clues. Mechanistically, downregulated expression of DNA repair protein HMGB1 played a critical role in these toxic reaction processes. We found that saikosaponin A could significantly rescue the reduced HMGB1 transcription, which could alleviate lapatinib-induced DNA damage, inhibit keratinocyte apoptosis and further prevent the cutaneous toxicity in mice caused by lapatinib.
2022-12-01 | GSE195713 | GEO
Project description:Cytotoxic lymphocyte protease granzyme M (GrM) is a potent inducer of tumor cell death in vitro and in vivo. The apoptotic phenotype and mechanism by which it induces cell death however, remain poorly understood and controversial. Here, we show that GrM-induced cell death was largely caspase-dependent with various hallmarks of classical apoptosis, coinciding with caspase-independent G2/M cell cycle arrest. Using positional proteomics in HeLa cells, we identified the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase II alpha (topoII alpha) as a physiological substrate of GrM. Cleavage of topoII alpha by GrM at Leu1280 dissected topoII aplha functional domains from the nuclear localization signals, leading to nuclear exit of topoII alpha catalytic activity into the cytoplasm, and rendering it nonfunctional. Similar to the apoptotic phenotype of GrM, topoII aplha depletion in tumor cells led to cell cycle arrest in G2/M, mitochondrial perturbations, caspase activation, and apoptosis. We conclude that cytotoxic lymphocyte GrM targets topoII aplha to trigger cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Raw data files were processed with Mascot distiller 2.3. The mgf files were searched with Mascot daemon 2.3. The quantification was also done by Mascot Distiller. All data was stored in ms_lims. Fixed modifications: methionine oxidation, trideutero-acetylation of lysine, carbamidomethylation of cysteine. Variable modifications: acetylation of peptide N-terminus, trideutero-acetylation of peptide N-terminus, pyroglutamate formation of N-terminal glutamine Enzyme: semi-Arg-C/P with one missed cleavage allowed. Precursor mass tolerance: 10 ppm. Peptide fragment mass tolerance: 0.5 Da Quantitation method: triple SILAC arginine +6 Da and +10 Da
2013-11-27 | PXD000252 | Pride
Project description:Mutant template human telomerase RNAs (MT-hTers) have been shown to induce apoptosis in various cancer cells with high telomerase activity. However, the mechanism by which MT-hTers inhibit growth of cancer cells and their effects on normal cells remain unknown. To determine the effects of MT-hTers on normal cells, MT-hTer-47A and -AU5 were introduced into IMR90 lung fibroblasts that have low telomerase levels. Growth of IMR90 cells following MT-hTers infection was not significantly impaired; however, similar treatments in telomerase-overexpressing IMR90 (IMR90 WThTERT) cells inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Confocal microscopy showed that MT-hTers induced DNA damage foci i.e. 53BP1 and γ-H2AX in IMR90 WThTERT cells. Microarray analysis revealed that GADD45γ was significantly elevated in MT-hTers treated IMR90 WThTERT cells. MT-hTers also induced ATM phosphorylation at Ser 1981 in IMR90 WThTERT cells, and Western blot analysis revealed high levels of phosphorylated p53 following down-regulation of cellular TRF2 expression in MT-hTers treated IMR90 WThTERT cells. Taken together, we have elucidated that MT-hTers induce double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs)-like damages in telomerase-positive IMR90 WThTERT cells following phosphorylation of ATM and p53 via suppression of TRF2 which eventually may have led to apoptosis via elevation of GADD45γ.
2011-05-29 | GSE24975 | GEO
Project description:In response to stress, the p53 tumor suppressor induces arrest or apoptosis by transcriptionally regulating genes that mediate these processes. It has been proposed that the levels of p53 can influence the choice between these different outcomes, but the mechanisms involved are not clear. To gain mechanistic understanding of this p53-dependent cell fate decision, we generated a p53 inducible system that allowed tight regulation of p53 expression in human mammary epithelial cells. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying cellularisation and identified distinct classes of up-regulated genes during this process. Using microarray and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis, we showed that low and high levels of p53 bind to and activate the same set of pro arrest and pro apoptotic target genes, induced to lower and higher levels, respectively. We propose that the cell fate decision between arrest and apoptosis in these cells is determined by a higher threshold required for p53 dependent apoptosis. We suggest that high level p53 activation is crucial in order to achieve maximum efficacy of p53 targeted cancer therapies.
2011-07-19 | E-GEOD-30753 | biostudies-arrayexpress