Notch inhibition in microRNA-mediated neuronal reprogramming promotes neurite extension
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1061533 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR27442774_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27442774_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27442775_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27442775_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR27442776_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Although the importance of Notch signaling in brain development is well-known, its specific contribution to cellular reprogramming remains less defined. Here, we use microRNA-induced neurons (miNs) that are directly reprogrammed from human fibroblasts to determine how Notch signaling contributes to neuronal identity. We found that inhibiting Notch signaling led to an increase in neurite extension, while activating Notch signaling had the opposite effect. Surprisingly, Notch inhibition during the first week of reprogramming was both necessary and sufficient to enhance neurite outgrowth at a later timepoint. This timeframe is when the reprogramming miRNAs, miR-9/9* and miR-124, primarily induce a post-mitotic state and erase fibroblast identity. Accordingly, transcriptomic analysis showed that the effect of Notch inhibition was likely due to improvements in fibroblast fate erasure and silencing of anti-neuronal genes. To this effect, we identify MYLIP, whose downregulation in response to Notch inhibition significantly promoted neurite outgrowth. Moreover, Notch inhibition resulted in cells with neuronal transcriptome signature defined by long gene expression at a faster rate than the control, demonstrating the effect of accelerated fate erasure on neuronal fate acquisition. Our results demonstrate the critical role of Notch signaling in mediating morphological changes in miRNA-based neuronal reprogramming of human adult fibroblasts.
2024-01-12 | GSE252626 | GEO
Project description:Although the importance of Notch signaling in brain development is well-known, its specific contribution to cellular reprogramming remains less defined. Here, we use microRNA-induced neurons (miNs) that are directly reprogrammed from human fibroblasts to determine how Notch signaling contributes to neuronal identity. We found that inhibiting Notch signaling led to an increase in neurite extension, while activating Notch signaling had the opposite effect. Surprisingly, Notch inhibition during the first week of reprogramming was both necessary and sufficient to enhance neurite outgrowth at a later timepoint. This timeframe is when the reprogramming miRNAs, miR-9/9* and miR-124, primarily induce a post-mitotic state and erase fibroblast identity. Accordingly, transcriptomic analysis showed that the effect of Notch inhibition was likely due to improvements in fibroblast fate erasure and silencing of anti-neuronal genes. To this effect, we identify MYLIP, whose downregulation in response to Notch inhibition significantly promoted neurite outgrowth. Moreover, Notch inhibition resulted in cells with neuronal transcriptome signature defined by long gene expression at a faster rate than the control, demonstrating the effect of accelerated fate erasure on neuronal fate acquisition. Our results demonstrate the critical role of Notch signaling in mediating morphological changes in miRNA-based neuronal reprogramming of human adult fibroblasts.
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Project description:Notch inhibition in microRNA-mediated neuronal reprogramming promotes neurite extension (PID21)
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Project description:Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a slowly progressing neuromuscular disease caused by a polyglutamine (polyQ)-encoding CAG repeat expansion in the androgen receptor (AR) gene, leading to AR aggregation, lower motor neuron death, and muscle atrophy. AR is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates neuronal architecture and promotes axon regeneration; however, whether AR transcriptional functions contribute to disease pathogenesis is not fully understood. Using a differentiated PC12 cell model of SBMA, we identified dysfunction of polyQ-expanded AR in its regulation of neurite growth and maintenance. Specifically, we found that in the presence of androgens, polyQ-expanded AR inhibited neurite outgrowth, induced neurite retraction, and inhibited neurite regrowth. This dysfunction was independent of polyQ-expanded AR transcriptional activity at androgen response elements (AREs). We further showed that the formation of polyQ-expanded AR intranuclear inclusions promoted neurite retraction, which coincided with reduced expression of the neuronal differentiation marker -III-Tubulin. Finally, we revealed that cell death is not the primary outcome for cells undergoing neurite retraction; rather, these cells become senescent. Our findings reveal that mechanisms independent of AR canonical transcriptional activity underly neurite defects in a cell model of SBMA and identify senescence as a previously unappreciated pathway implicated in this pathology. These findings suggest that, in the absence of a role for AR canonical transcriptional activity in the SBMA pathologies described here, the development of SBMA therapeutics that preserve this activity may be desirable. This approach may be broadly applicable to other polyglutamine diseases such as Huntington’s disease and spinocerebellar ataxias.
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Project description:Cadherins play an important role in tissue homeostasis, as they are responsible for cell-cell adhesion during embryogenesis, tissue morphogenesis, and differentiation. In this study, we identified Cadherin-12 (CDH12), which encodes a type II classical cadherin, as a gene to promote neurite outgrowth in a vitro model consist of neurons with differentiated intrinsic growth ability. First, the effects of CDH12 on neurons were evaluated by RNA interference, and the result indicated that the knock down of CDH12 expression restrained the axon extension of E18 neurons. The transcriptome profile of the neurons with or without siCDH12 treatment revealed a set of pathways positively correlated with the effect of CDH12 on neurite outgrowth. We further revealed that CDH12 affected Rac1/Cdc42 phosphorylation in PKA dependent manner by testing with H-89 and 8-Bromo-cAMP sodium salt. Moreover, we investigated the expression of CDH12 in brain, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglion during development by using immunofluorescence staining. Thereafter, we explored the effects of CDH12 on neurite outgrowth in vivo. A zebrafish model of CDH12 knockdown was established by using NgAgo-gDNA system and registered the vital role of CDH12 in peripheral neurogenesis. In summary, our study is the first to report the effect of CDH12 on axonal extension in vitro and in vivo and we provided a preliminary explanation for the mechanism.
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Project description:Neurons exploit mRNA localization and local translation to spatio-temporally regulate gene expression during development. Local translation and retrograde transport of transcription factors regulate nuclear gene expression in response to signaling events at distal neuronal ends. Whether epigenetic factors could also be involved in such regulation is not known. We report that the mRNA encoding the high mobility group N5 (HMGN5) chromatin binding protein localizes to growth cones of both neuronal-like cells and of hippocampal neurons. We show that Hmgn5 3’UTR drives growth cone localization and translation of a reporter gene, and that HMGN5 can be retrogradely transported into the nucleus along neurites. Loss of HMGN5 function induces transcriptional changes and impairs neurite outgrowth while HMGN5 overexpression induces neurite outgrowth and global chromatin decompaction. Interestingly, control of both neurite outgrowth and chromatin structure is dependent on proper growth cone localization of Hmgn5 mRNA. Our results provide the first evidence that mRNA localization and local translation might serve as a mechanism to couple the dynamic neuronal outgrowth process with chromatin regulation in the nucleus.
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Project description:We report here the expression profile of microRNAs in human neuronal differentiation in the neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Six microRNAs were significantly upregulated during differentiation induced by all-trans¬-retinoic acid and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. We demonstrated that ectopic expression of either miR-124a or miR-125b increases the percentage of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells with neurite outgrowth. Subsequently, we focused our functional analysis on miR-125b and demonstrated the important role of this miRNA in both spontaneous and induced differentiation of SH-SH5Y cells, based on neurite outgrowth and neuronal marker expression. In human neural progenitor ReNcell VM cells, miR-125b is also upregulated during differentiation and miR-125b ectopic expression significantly promotes neurite outgrowth. To identify the targets of miR-125b regulation, we profiled the global changes in gene expression following miR-125b ectopic expression in SH-SY5Y cells. miR-125b represses 164 genes that contain the seed match sequence of the microRNA and/or predicted to be direct targets of miR-125b by conventional methods. Pathway analysis suggests that a subset of miR-125b-repressed targets antagonize neuronal genes in several neurogenic pathways, thereby mediating the positive effect of miR-125b on neuronal differentiation. We have further validated the binding of miR-125b to the microRNA response elements of ten selected targets. Together, we report here for the first time the important role of miR-125b in human neuronal differentiation. Keywords: mir125-OE/mir-scrambled control comparison & mir125-KD/mir-scrambled control comparsion
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Project description:Neurons exploit local mRNA translation and retrograde transport of transcription factors to regulate gene expression in response to signaling events at distal neuronal ends. Whether epigenetic factors could also be involved in such regulation is not known. We report that the mRNA encoding the HMGN5 chromatin binding protein localizes to growth cones of both neuronal-like cells and of hippocampal neurons, where it has the potential to be translated, and that HMGN5 can be retrogradely transported into the nucleus along neurites. Loss of HMGN5 function induces transcriptional changes and impairs neurite outgrowth while HMGN5 overexpression induces neurite outgrowth and chromatin decompaction. Interestingly, control of both neurite outgrowth and chromatin structure is dependent on growth cone localization of Hmgn5 mRNA. Our results provide the first evidence that mRNA localization and local translation might serve as a mechanism to couple the dynamic neuronal outgrowth process with chromatin regulation in the nucleus.
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