Project description:Dabie bandavirus, also termed as severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), was first isolated in China in 2010. At this time, the virus was found to have spread to South Korea, Japan, and other countries. A high case fatality rate is reported for SFTS, ranging from 12–50% within various sources. Several omics for clinical studies among SFTS patients as well as studies of cultured SFTSV have attempted to characterize the relevant molecular biology and epidemiology of the disease. However, a global serum proteomics analysis among SFTS patients has not yet been reported to date. Thrombocytopenia and multiple organ failure are the major immediate causes of death among SFTS patients. In this study, serum proteomic changes related to thrombocytopenia, abnormal immune response, and inflammatory activation were documented in SFTS patients. These findings provide useful information forunderstanding the clinical manifestations of SFTS.
Project description:To investigate the response mechanisms of Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) patients, we conducted transcriptomic analysis of peripheral immunity in 14 SFTS patients, ranging from modal infection to severe and fatal disease. Our results observed the potential mechanism for the heterogeneity of clinical symptoms, which can further elucidate the interaction between viruses and hosts and contribute to clinical treatment.
Project description:Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome phlebovirus (SFTSV), listed in the WHO most dangerous pathogens, has 12-30% fatality rates with a characteristic thrombocytopenia syndrome. With a majority of clinically diagnosed SFTSV patients older than ~50 years, age is a critical risk factor for SFTSV morbidity and mortality. Here, we report an age-dependent ferret model of SFTSV infection and pathogenesis that fully recapitulates the clinical manifestations of human infections. While young adult ferrets (≤2 years old) did not show any clinical symptoms and mortality, SFTSV-infected aged ferrets (≥4 years old) demonstrated severe thrombocytopenia, reduced white blood cells, and high fever with 93% mortality rate. Moreover, significantly higher viral load was observed in aged ferrets. Transcriptome analysis of SFTSV-infected young ferrets revealed strong interferon-mediated anti-viral signaling, whereas inflammatory immune responses were markedly upregulated and persisted in aged ferrets. Thus, this immunocompetent age-dependent ferret model should be useful for anti-SFTSV therapy and vaccine development.
Project description:In order to determine the microRNAs profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from severe febrile with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection and investigate possible diagnostic value of these differential microRNAs.
Project description:Puumala orthohantavirus-caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (PUUV-HFRS) is characterized by significant neutrophil activation. Neutrophils, the most abundant immune cells in circulation, are equipped to respond rapidly to infections and exhibit a notable heterogeneity. This study aims to identify and characterize different neutrophil subsets in the circulation of PUUV-HFRS patients, focusing on low-density granulocytes (LDGs) and normal density polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). The study finds that PMNs show activation of antiviral pathways, while circulating LDGs increase following acute PUUV-HFRS. Additionally, PUUV-associated LDGs, primarily immature, likely reflect increased bone marrow neutrophil production. Notably, the frequency of LDGs and a "left shift" in blood are associated with the extent of thrombocytopenia, a hallmark of severe HFRS, suggesting a role for maturing neutrophils in disease pathogenesis. Unlike COVID-19 associated LDGs, PUUV LDGs did not exhibit significant immunosuppressive ability, indicating inherent biological differences in LDG responses based on the causative virus or infection kinetics. RNA sequencing was performed on neutrophils isolated from four cohorts: healthy control PMNs, PUUV-infected PMNs, PUUV-infected CD16- LDGs, and PUUV-infected CD16+ LDGs. The RNA sequencing and subsequent bioinformatics analysis were conducted by the Biomedicum Functional Genomics Unit at the Helsinki Institute of Life Science and Biocenter Finland at the University of Helsinki.