Project description:Phloem localization of plant viruses is advantageous for acquisition by sap-sucking vectors but hampers host-virus protein interaction studies. In this study, Potato leafroll virus (PLRV)-host protein complexes were isolated from systemically infected potato, a natural host of the virus. Comparing two different co-immunoprecipitation support matrices coupled to mass spectrometry, we identified 44 potato proteins and one viral protein (P1) specifically associated with virus isolated from infected phloem. An additional 142 proteins interact in complex with virus at varying degrees of confidence. Greater than 80% of these proteins were previously found to form high confidence interactions with PLRV isolated from the model host Nicotiana benthamiana. Bioinformatics revealed that these proteins are enriched for functions related to plasmodesmata, organelle membrane transport, translation and mRNA processing. Our results show that model system proteomics experiments are extremely valuable for understanding protein interactions regulating infection in recalcitrant pathogens such as phloem-limited viruses.
Project description:Many virus diseases of economic importance to agriculture result from mixtures of different pathogens invading the host at a given time. This contrasts with the relatively scarce studies available on the molecular events associated with virus-host interactions in mixed infections. In comparison to single infections, co-infection of Nicotiana benthamiana with Potato virus X (PVX) and Potato virus Y (PVY) resulted in increased systemic symptoms (synergism) that led to necrosis of the newly emerging leaves, and the plant death. A comparative transcriptional analysis was undertaken to identify quantitative and qualitative differences in gene expression during this synergistic infection, and to correlate these changes with the severe symptoms it caused. Global transcription profiles of doubly-infected leaves were compared with those from singly-infected leaves using gene ontology enrichment analysis and metabolic pathway annotator software. Functional gene categories altered by the double infection comprise suites of genes regulated coordinately, which are associated with chloroplast functions (down-regulated), protein synthesis and degradation (up-regulated), carbohydrate metabolism (up-regulated), and response to biotic stimulus and stress (up-regulated). The expression of reactive oxygen species-generating enzymes as well as several mitogen-activated protein kinases, were also significantly induced. Accordingly, synergistic infection induced a severe oxidative stress in N. benthamiana leaves, as judged by increases in lipid peroxidation, and by the generation of superoxide radicals in chloroplasts, which correlated with the misregulation of antioxidative genes in microarray data. Interestingly, expression of genes encoding oxylipin biosynthesis was uniquely up-regulated by the synergistic infection. Virus-induced gene silencing of alfa-dioxygenase1 delayed cell death during PVX-PVY infection. Using mock inoculated leaf tissue as a reference, we compare the gene expression profiles of Nicotiana benthamiana plants infected with one of two viruses, Potato virus X (PVX) or Potato virus Y (PVY), or the combination PVX plus PVY. 3 biological replicates per treatment were independently grown and haversted.
Project description:The general aim was to better understand the role of StTGA2.1 in plant immunity by transcriptional profiling of plants overexpressing the salicylic acid pathwas related TGA transcription factor StTGA2.1 after infection with potato virus Y (PVY). Potato non-transgenic cultivar Rywal (NT), Rywal-NahG (NahG), a transgenic line unable to accumulate SA due to salicylate hydroxylase expression, and a transgenic Rywal-NahG line inducibly overexpressing StTGA2.1 (TGA2.1-NahG) using the glucocorticoid-system, in which target gene expression can be controlled by external application of dexamethasone (DEX), were used. The leaves of three plants per genotype were infected with either PVY or mock-inoculum and subsequently treated with DEX. Additionally, three TGA2.1-NahG PVY-infected or mock-inoculated plants were not treated with DEX as control. After four days, PVY infection symtoms appeared as small regions of necrotic tissue called lesions. Tissue sections, containing lesions and their immediate surrounding area, were sampled, allowing us to focus on PVY-affected cells. Total RNA was isolated, DNase treated and sent for library prep and high-throughput sequencing.
Project description:Potato leaves From Solanum tuberosum var. Kennebec will be wounded and oral secretions from 4th instar CPB will be isolated and added to the plants as described by Kruzmane et al (2002, Physiol. Plantarum 115:577-584). The leaf from the 6th node of the potato plant will be wounded or wounded and treated with oral secretions from CPB. Unwounded leaves from node 1-5 of the wounded and wounded plus oral secretions plants will be harvested as systemic material. The leaves will be harvested after 4 hrs and RNA will be isolated. 4 hrs was chosen because this represents a time when early and late induced genes should both be present. In addition, the leaf from the 6th node will be subjected to feeding by CPB that have been raised on potato leaves and starved for 16 hrs immediately prior to infestation. Insects will be allowed to feed for 1 hr and the leaves will be harvested after 3 additional hrs. An additional set of plants will be used to infest the leaf on the 6th node for 4 hrs. Leaves from the 6th node will be collected from uninfested plants after 4 hrs as a control. Three sets of 6-12 plants will be used for each sample. Keywords: Direct comparison
Project description:Pti5 is an ERF transcription factor that was differentially expressed in PVY-infected potato plants. The purpose of generating this dataset was to identify genes with perturbed expression due to silencing the Pti5 gene. Grant ID: P4-0165 Slovenian Research Agency ARRS Biotechnology and Plant Systems Biology Grant ID: J4-7636 Slovenian Research Agency ARRS Spatiotemporal analysis of hypersensitive response to Potato virus Y in potato Grant ID: J4-1777 Slovenian Research Agency ARRS Unraveling mechanisms of effectiveness and specificity in potato immune signaling through innovative data acquisition and modeling