An increase in ROS is required for repair of the neonatal cerebellum
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1121249 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The neonatal mouse cerebellum shows remarkable regenerative potential upon injury at birth. Nestin-expressing progenitors (NEPs) undergo adaptive reprogramming to replenish the lost granule cell progenitors. Here, we investigate how the injury microenvironment affects NEPs’ regenerative potential and adaptive reprogramming. Single cell transcriptomic and bulk chromatin accessibility analyses of the NEPs from control and injured neonatal cerebella show a temporary increase in mechanisms involved in the response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), a known damage-associated molecular pattern. Analysis of ROS levels also confirms a temporary increase in ROS levels upon injury at postanal day 1, 1-2 days after injury, overlapping with the induction in cell death in the cerebellum. Using a transgenic mouse model that overexpresses mitochondrial catalase (mCAT) and reduces ROS levels globally, we showed that the regenerative potential of NEPs decreases upon injury to the granule cell progenitors at birth and the repair is impaired. Finally, we demonstrated that microglia are involved in adaptive reprogramming by regulating NEP migration to the external granule layer, the site of injury. Collectively, our results highlight that the changes in the tissue microenvironment such as an increase in the ROS levels are required for the adaptative reprogramming of NEPs upon injury to the granule cell progenitors at birth, highlighting the instructive roles of microenvironmental signals during regeneration in the neonatal brain.
2024-12-05 | GSE269342 | GEO
Project description:The neonatal mammalian heart is able to regenerate after injury by inducing cardiomyocyte proliferation. However, this regenerative capacity is virtually lost in the adult mammalian heart. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to play an important cardioprotective role in heart repair. Here, we performed proteomic analysis of EVs from neonatal mouse heart tissues (Neo-EVs), EVs regenerated from neonatal heart tissues after apicoectomy (AR-Neo-EVs), and EVs from adult mouse hearts (Adu-EVs), to compare the differential changes in proteins among them.
2024-12-23 | PXD057343 | Pride
Project description:Significance Heart disease accounts for 1 in 4 deaths in the United States annually, making it one of the leading causes of death and related morbidity resents a significant economic burden. Mammalian cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated with low turnover rate, insufficient to repopulate myocardium after heart attack caused by myocardial infarction (MI). As such, there is an urgent need for the development of non-invasive, effective, and efficient therapeutic approaches for treating MI. One strategy is to promote proliferation in mature cardiomyocytes, inspired by the observation of a transient regenerative window in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. During postnatal development, it is believed that cardiomyocytes exit cell cycle in response to high oxygen environment and a metabolic shift to oxidative phosphorylation. Strategies to lower oxidative stress in neonatal mouse hearts to prolong regenerative time window have been reported. While many studies have focused on mitigating injury-related ROS, it is not clear whether the developmental ROS increase in neonatal cardiomyocytes plays a role during postnatal myocardial maturation and establishment of injury response. The following study details the crucial role of neonatal ROS as signaling molecules in cardiomyocyte injury response after MI.
2025-01-01 | GSE275297 | GEO
Project description:Infants with neonatal cholestasis are prone to neurodevelopmental deficits including neuromotor function. Accumulation of potentially neurotoxic molecules in the bloodstream including ammonia and bile acids and malabsorption of lipids may affect neurodevelopment in these patients. This study examined neuromotor function and bile acid and lipid composition of the brain in a piglet model of obstructive neonatal cholestasis via bile duct ligation (BDL) surgery. Results showed that BDL piglets had compromised balance and increased liver enzyme levels, liver fibrosis and bile duct proliferation compared to SHAM piglets. Plasma and cerebellum bile acid profiles differed between BDL and SHAM piglets with hyocholic acid and conjugated bile acid forms dominating in the BDL group. In the cerebellum there were different lipid profiles, but similar gene expression profiles between the two groups.
2022-06-01 | GSE180600 | GEO
Project description:Chromothripsis and chromoanasynthesis are one-off catastrophic events leading to clustered genomic rearrangements. Expression profiling were performed on brain tissues with Medulloblastoma (n=9) and normal Cerebellum (n=4) to compare the expression of Double strain break DNA repair pathways.
2018-10-01 | GSE120344 | GEO
Project description:Restoring the regenerative capacity of myocardium, which presents shortly in the newborns but lost in adulthood, is one of the therapeutic options for myocardial repair post various insults. In this work, we performed the phosphoproteomic analysis on neonatal regenerative myocardium and explored the Kinase-substrate network in neonatal myocardium to define potential signaling, which might be responsible for the transient regenerative capacity in the newborn mice.
2020-02-28 | PXD014865 | Pride
Project description:Ion channel splice array data from cerebellum brain tissue samples collected from Alzheimer's disease patients. Temporal cortex (Alzheimer's disease affected brain tissue structure) and cerebellum (Alzheimer's disease unaffected brain tissue structure) samples from control subjects were compared to temporal cortex and cerebellum of patients with Alzheimer's disease.
2010-06-11 | E-GEOD-6777 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We report the miRNA-Seq and Nanostring mRNA data from regional brain samples after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (induced by unilateral carotid artery ligation and 30 minutes at 8% oxygen in CD1 mice at postnatal day 9). Analyses are perfomed in the cerebellum, striatum/thalamus, and whole cortex.
2021-10-01 | GSE184939 | GEO
Project description:Human tumors often contain slowly proliferating cancer cells that resist treatment but we do not know precisely how these cells arise. We show that rapidly proliferating cancer cells can divide asymmetrically to produce slowly proliferating “G0-like” progeny that are enriched following chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Asymmetric cancer cell division results from asymmetric suppression of AKT/PKB kinase signaling in one daughter cell during telophase of mitosis. Moreover, inhibition of AKT signaling with small molecule drugs can induce asymmetric cancer cell division and the production of slow proliferators. Cancer cells therefore appear to continuously flux between symmetric and asymmetric division depending on the precise state of their AKT signaling network. This model may have significant implications for understanding how tumors grow, evade treatment, and recur. 3 replicates each of MCF7 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) high, HCT116 ROS high, MCF7 ROS low, and HCT116 ROS low.
2011-07-14 | E-GEOD-30465 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Faithful genome integrity maintenance plays an essential role in cell survival. Here, we identify the RNA demethylase ALKBH5 as a key regulator that protects cells from DNA damage and apoptosis during reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced stress. We find that ROS significantly induces global mRNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels by modulating ALKBH5 post-translational modifications (PTMs), leading to the rapid and efficient induction of thousands of genes involved in a variety of biological processes including DNA damage repair. Mechanistically, ROS promotes ALKBH5 SUMOylation through activating ERK/JNK signaling, leading to inhibition of ALKBH5 m6A demethylase activity by blocking substrate accessibility. Moreover, ERK/JNK/ALKBH5-PTMs/m6A axis is activated by ROS in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) in vivo in mice, suggesting a physiological role of this molecular pathway in the maintenance of genome stability in HSPCs. Together, our study uncovers a molecular mechanism involving ALKBH5 PTMs and increased mRNA m6A levels that protect genomic integrity of cells in response to ROS.
2021-04-29 | GSE144620 | GEO